Annals of Internal Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Thyroid Function Reference Intervals by Age, Sex, and Race : A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Qihang Li, Yida Tang, Xuefeng Yu, Guijun Qin, Limin Tian, Lianjiang Cheng, Yi Lu, Zhigang Zhao, Libin Liu, Kai Zhang, Changjun Wang, Shuqing Zhang, Yong Xu, Guangyao Song, Fang Zhong, Xiude Fan, Zhixiang Wang, Yafei Wu, Yongfeng Song, Jiajun Zhao","doi":"10.7326/ANNALS-24-01559","DOIUrl":"10.7326/ANNALS-24-01559","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Current clinical practice uses a one-size-fits-all approach to define reference intervals for the results of diagnostic tests about thyroid function. This approach does not recognize subgroup differences according to age, sex, or race.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To identify age-, sex-, and race-specific reference intervals for the common diagnostic tests that measure thyroid function and to examine how these new reference intervals reclassify persons into disease categories when compared with current reference intervals.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross-sectional analysis.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Data from the U.S. NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) supplemented with data from a multicenter Chinese study.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>A nationally representative sample from NHANES aged 20 years or older (<i>n</i> = 8308) supplemented with a Chinese database of routine health checkups from 49 hospitals in 10 provinces aged 18 years or older (<i>n</i> = 314 302).</p><p><strong>Measurements: </strong>The thyroid function reference interval was defined as the interval of diagnostic indicator levels from the 2.5th (lower limit) to the 97.5th (upper limit) percentile by age, sex, and race subgroups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 8308 NHANES participants, the 97.5th percentile levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) increased with age, whereas total triiodothyronine (TT₃) levels declined with age and total thyroxine (TT₄) levels were stable across different ages. Women had higher TT₄ levels, and White participants had higher TSH levels. Using current reference intervals, the prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism increased from 2.4% for ages 20 to 29 years to 5.9% for ages 70 years and older. In contrast, using age-, sex-, and race-specific reference intervals reclassified 48.5% of persons with subclinical hypothyroidism as normal, especially women and White participants, and reclassified 31.2% of persons with subclinical hyperthyroidism as normal, especially women, Black participants, and Hispanic participants. When compared with the findings from U.S. participants, many of the findings from 314 302 Chinese participants were similar.</p><p><strong>Limitation: </strong>Cross-sectional data; sample size limitations for subgroup.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings should help establish more accurate reference intervals for thyroid diseases and facilitate development of a consensus about how to define and manage those diseases.</p><p><strong>Primary funding source: </strong>National Key Research and Development Program of China and National Natural Science Foundation.</p>","PeriodicalId":7932,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Internal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"921-929"},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143966210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Unifying Efforts to Empower Equitable Obesity Care: Synopsis of an American College of Physicians and Council of Subspecialty Societies Summit.","authors":"","doi":"10.7326/ANNALS-25-01809","DOIUrl":"10.7326/ANNALS-25-01809","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7932,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Internal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1064"},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143973967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Summary for Patients: Semaglutide or Dulaglutide Versus Empagliflozin for Risk for Death and Cardiovascular Outcomes Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes.","authors":"","doi":"10.7326/ANNALS-24-00775-PS","DOIUrl":"10.7326/ANNALS-24-00775-PS","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7932,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Internal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"I10"},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144309426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Web Exclusive. Annals On Call - Virtual Urgent Care: Artificial Intelligence Versus Physicians.","authors":"Robert M Centor, Zehavi Kugler","doi":"10.7326/ANNALS-25-02886-OC","DOIUrl":"10.7326/ANNALS-25-02886-OC","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7932,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Internal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"e2502886OC"},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144526150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In adults aged 50 to 69 y, invitation to screening with FIT was noninferior to invitation for colonoscopy for colorectal cancer mortality at 10 y.","authors":"John F Cox","doi":"10.7326/ANNALS-25-02230-JC","DOIUrl":"10.7326/ANNALS-25-02230-JC","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Clinical impact ratings: </strong>GIM/FP/GP: [Formula: see text] Gastroenterology: [Formula: see text] Public Health: [Formula: see text].</p>","PeriodicalId":7932,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Internal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"JC83"},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144526157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In adults with clinically isolated syndrome suggestive of MS, high-dose vitamin D monotherapy reduced disease activity at 2 y.","authors":"Lucas H McCarthy","doi":"10.7326/ANNALS-25-02312-JC","DOIUrl":"10.7326/ANNALS-25-02312-JC","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Clinical impact ratings: </strong>GIM/FP/GP: [Formula: see text] Neurology: [Formula: see text].</p>","PeriodicalId":7932,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Internal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"JC76"},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144526158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In patients with diabetes and previous MI, high-dose multivitamins and minerals did not reduce CV events.","authors":"Maham Shahid, Gunjan Y Gandhi","doi":"10.7326/ANNALS-25-02174-JC","DOIUrl":"10.7326/ANNALS-25-02174-JC","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Clinical impact ratings: </strong>GIM/FP/GP: [Formula: see text] Cardiology: [Formula: see text].</p>","PeriodicalId":7932,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Internal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"JC81"},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144526164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heat-Related Illnesses.","authors":"Francis G O'Connor","doi":"10.7326/ANNALS-25-01958","DOIUrl":"10.7326/ANNALS-25-01958","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Climate change is anticipated to continue to adversely affect public health, with heat stress the predominant threat. Accordingly, heat-related illness is predicted to increase as extremely hot days become more frequent. Heat stroke, the most serious heat-related illness, is a medical emergency that may be fatal if it is not promptly recognized, addressed with early and rapid cooling, and accompanied by multidisciplinary supportive care as clinically indicated. Heat stroke is a preventable illness that occurs in 2 distinct forms-classic and exertional-that have distinct demographic profiles and clinical courses but similar management paradigms.</p>","PeriodicalId":7932,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Internal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"ITC97-ITC112"},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144504669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Acupuncture on Neurogenic Claudication Among Patients With Degenerative Lumbar Spinal Stenosis.","authors":"Changzhen Gong, Sherman Gu","doi":"10.7326/ANNALS-25-01060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7326/ANNALS-25-01060","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7932,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Internal Medicine","volume":"178 7","pages":"1062"},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144635950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mammography Screening Preferences Among Screening-Eligible Women in Their 40s.","authors":"Laura D Scherer, Carmen L Lewis, Jolyn Hersch, Joseph N Cappella, Marilyn M Schapira","doi":"10.7326/ANNALS-25-01110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7326/ANNALS-25-01110","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7932,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Internal Medicine","volume":"178 7","pages":"1061-1062"},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144635953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}