Annals of Internal Medicine最新文献

{"title":"In T2D, SGLT-2 inhibitor effects on CV and kidney outcomes were consistent regardless of GLP-1 receptor agonist use.","authors":"Michelle Maher, Sean Dinneen","doi":"10.7326/ANNALS-24-02849-JC","DOIUrl":"10.7326/ANNALS-24-02849-JC","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Source citation: </strong>Apperloo EM, Neuen BL, Fletcher RA, et al. <b>Efficacy and safety of SGLT2 inhibitors with and without glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists: a SMART-C collaborative meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.</b> Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2024;12:545-557. 38991584.</p>","PeriodicalId":7932,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Internal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"JC124"},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142574766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Autoimmune Inflammatory Rheumatic Outcomes of COVID-19.","authors":"Takuma Hayashi, Ikuo Konishi","doi":"10.7326/ANNALS-24-01953","DOIUrl":"10.7326/ANNALS-24-01953","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7932,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Internal Medicine","volume":"177 11","pages":"1598-1599"},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142666931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Web Exclusive. Annals Consult Guys - Cardiac Medication Management in the Perioperative Period.","authors":"Howard H Weitz, Geno J Merli, James W Heitz","doi":"10.7326/ANNALS-24-03425-CG","DOIUrl":"10.7326/ANNALS-24-03425-CG","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7932,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Internal Medicine","volume":"177 11","pages":"e2403425CG"},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142666935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality Indicators for Pain in Adults: A Review of Performance Measures by the American College of Physicians.","authors":"Amir Qaseem, Karen Campos, Scott MacDonald, Cristin Mount, Samantha Tierney, Nick Fitterman, Peter Basch, Elisa I Choi, Caroline Goldzweig, Charles Hamori, Robert McLean, Brook Watts","doi":"10.7326/ANNALS-24-00773","DOIUrl":"10.7326/ANNALS-24-00773","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pain is a debilitating symptom generally caused by injuries or various conditions. It can be acute, subacute, or chronic and can have a significant impact on a patient's quality of life. The goal of managing pain is to relieve or reduce suffering and improve patient functioning. Several performance measures that address the treatment of pain are used in payment, public reporting, or accountability programs. The American College of Physicians (ACP) embraces performance measurement as a means to improve quality of care. ACP believes that a performance measure must be methodologically sound and evidence-based to be considered for inclusion in payment, accountability, or reporting programs. However, a plethora of performance measures that provide minimal or no value to patient care have inundated physicians, practices, and systems with the burden of collecting and reporting data. ACP's Performance Measurement Committee (PMC) reviews performance measures using a validated process to recognize high-quality performance measures, address gaps and areas for improvement in performance measures, and help reduce reporting burden. There is a need for a higher standard for a performance measure when reputation and reimbursement are on the line. This paper aims to present a review of current performance measures for pain to inform physicians, payers, and policymakers in their selection and use of performance measures. The PMC reviewed 6 performance measures for pain relevant to internal medicine physicians, of which 3 were considered valid at their intended levels of attribution (\"Use of Imaging for Low Back Pain,\" \"Use of Opioids at High Dosage in Persons Without Cancer,\" and \"Use of Opioids From Multiple Providers in Persons Without Cancer\"). This paper also proposes a performance measure concept to address a quality-of-care gap based on the current clinical guideline from ACP and the American Academy of Family Physicians, \"Nonpharmacologic and Pharmacologic Management of Acute Pain From Non-low Back, Musculoskeletal Injuries in Adults.\"</p>","PeriodicalId":7932,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Internal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1539-1546"},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142306977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breastfeeding, Antiretroviral Therapy, HIV Transmission, and the HIV Reservoir.","authors":"Lynne M Mofenson, William R Short","doi":"10.7326/ANNALS-24-02186","DOIUrl":"10.7326/ANNALS-24-02186","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7932,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Internal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1588-1589"},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142387402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On Code Status.","authors":"Ella Eisinger","doi":"10.7326/ANNALS-24-02083","DOIUrl":"10.7326/ANNALS-24-02083","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7932,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Internal Medicine","volume":"177 11","pages":"1591-1592"},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142666933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Web Exclusive. Annals On Call - Renin-Angiotensin System Blockade in Persons With Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease.","authors":"Robert M Centor, Elaine Ku, Mark J Sarnak","doi":"10.7326/ANNALS-24-03272-OC","DOIUrl":"10.7326/ANNALS-24-03272-OC","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7932,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Internal Medicine","volume":"177 11","pages":"e2403272OC"},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142666936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"School Mask Mandates and COVID-19: The Challenge of Using Difference-in-Differences Analysis of Observational Data to Estimate the Effectiveness of a Public Health Intervention.","authors":"Ambarish Chandra, Tracy Beth Høeg, Shamez Ladhani, Vinay Prasad, Ram Duriseti","doi":"10.7326/M23-2907","DOIUrl":"10.7326/M23-2907","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There are considerable challenges when using difference-in-differences (DiD) analysis of ecological data to estimate the effectiveness of public health interventions in rapidly changing situations.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To discuss the shortcomings of DiD methodology for the estimation of the effects of public health interventions using ecological data.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>As an example, the authors consider an analysis that used DiD methodology and reported a causal reduction in COVID-19 cases due to the maintenance of school mask mandates. They did alternate analyses using various control groups to assess the robustness of the prior analysis.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>School districts in the greater Boston area and Massachusetts during the 2021-to-2022 academic year.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Students and school staff.</p><p><strong>Measurements: </strong>Changes in COVID-19 case rates in districts that did and did not lift mask mandates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Important potential confounders rendered DiD methodology inappropriate for causal inference, including prior immunity, temporal variation in rates of infection, and changes in testing practices. The racial composition and income of intervention and control groups also differed substantially. Compared with maintaining the mask requirement, dropping the requirement was associated with anywhere from an increase of 5.64 cases (95% CI, 3.00 to 8.29 cases) per 1000 persons to a decrease of 2.74 cases (CI, 0.63 to 4.85 cases) per 1000 persons, depending on choice of control group and whether students or staff were examined.</p><p><strong>Limitation: </strong>Ecological data were used; detailed data on all potential confounders were unavailable.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Alternate analyses yielded estimates consistent with a wide range of both negative and positive associations in COVID-19 case rates after removal of mask mandates. The findings highlight the challenges of using DiD analysis of ecological data to estimate the effectiveness of interventions in divergent intervention and control groups during rapidly changing circumstances.</p><p><strong>Primary funding source: </strong>None.</p>","PeriodicalId":7932,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Internal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1566-1572"},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142387408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patients surviving COVID-19 had lower risk for long COVID in the Omicron vs. earlier eras.","authors":"Scott Selinger","doi":"10.7326/ANNALS-24-02441-JC","DOIUrl":"10.7326/ANNALS-24-02441-JC","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Source citation: </strong>Xie Y, Choi T, Al-Aly Z. <b>Postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the pre-Delta, Delta, and Omicron eras.</b> N Engl J Med. 2024;391:515-525. 39018527.</p>","PeriodicalId":7932,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Internal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"JC131"},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142574773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dementia.","authors":"Esther S Oh","doi":"10.7326/ANNALS-24-02207","DOIUrl":"10.7326/ANNALS-24-02207","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dementia, or major neurocognitive disorder, is defined as a decline in 1 or more cognitive domains that causes impairment in everyday function. Alzheimer disease is the most common type of dementia in the United States, with an estimated 6.9 million adults who have Alzheimer disease and are 65 years or older. This article discusses the latest findings in preventing cognitive decline. It also discusses dementia screening, diagnosis, treatment, and the quality of life for persons with dementia and their caregivers.</p>","PeriodicalId":7932,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Internal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"ITC161-ITC176"},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142612138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}