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Journal of clinical neuropsychology最新文献

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Primary memory and secondary memory in dementia of the Alzheimer type. 阿尔茨海默型痴呆的初级记忆和次级记忆。
Journal of clinical neuropsychology Pub Date : 1983-12-01 DOI: 10.1080/01688638308401181
R S Wilson, L D Bacon, J H Fox, A W Kaszniak
{"title":"Primary memory and secondary memory in dementia of the Alzheimer type.","authors":"R S Wilson,&nbsp;L D Bacon,&nbsp;J H Fox,&nbsp;A W Kaszniak","doi":"10.1080/01688638308401181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01688638308401181","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Free recall of word lists was investigated in a sample of 47 patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT) and 31 normal controls of equivalent age and education. Recall was divided into primary memory (PM) and secondary memory (SM) components based on the number of items intervening between presentation and recall. The findings were as follows: (1) the patients showed a greater deficit on the SM than on the PM measure; (2) there was little evidence of proactive interference in the patient group; (3) the PM and SM measures were independent in the controls but not in the patient group; and, (4) the size of patients' PM deficit increased linearly with increasing items between presentation and attempted recall. These results suggest that the memory disorder of DAT is partially the result of defective PM.</p>","PeriodicalId":79225,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical neuropsychology","volume":"5 4","pages":"337-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01688638308401181","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17699436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 136
Influence of different paths on spatial memory performance in the Block-Tapping Test. 不同路径对方块敲击测验空间记忆表现的影响。
Journal of clinical neuropsychology Pub Date : 1983-12-01 DOI: 10.1080/01688638308401184
P Smirni, C Villardita, G Zappalà
{"title":"Influence of different paths on spatial memory performance in the Block-Tapping Test.","authors":"P Smirni,&nbsp;C Villardita,&nbsp;G Zappalà","doi":"10.1080/01688638308401184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01688638308401184","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In a group of 83 normal adults, spatial memory performance in the Block-Tapping Test depended not only on path length but also on digit sequence, which, for a given path length, generates different spatial configurations. Sequences of homogeneous difficulty are proposed for defining the spatial span.</p>","PeriodicalId":79225,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical neuropsychology","volume":"5 4","pages":"355-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01688638308401184","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17699438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 88
Chronic renal failure, dialysis, and neuropsychological function. 慢性肾功能衰竭，透析和神经心理功能。
Journal of clinical neuropsychology Pub Date : 1983-12-01 DOI: 10.1080/01688638308401178
R P Hart, J A Pederson, A W Czerwinski, R L Adams
{"title":"Chronic renal failure, dialysis, and neuropsychological function.","authors":"R P Hart,&nbsp;J A Pederson,&nbsp;A W Czerwinski,&nbsp;R L Adams","doi":"10.1080/01688638308401178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01688638308401178","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hemodialysis patients, nondialyzed azotemic patients and control subjects with chronic physical disabilities were tested in psychometric measures of attention, memory, and visuomotor speed and coordination. There was relatively little difference between the performance of dialysis patients and controls and no significant correlations were found between years of dialysis treatment and performance on any task. In contrast, nondialyzed azotemic patients were impaired on 9 of 14 tasks relative to controls and/or dialysis patients. Measured levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine were significantly correlated with the performance of nondialyzed azotemic patients on several tasks. These results demonstrate a relationship between degree of renal failure and cognitive and perceptual-motor functioning. The mild impairments evident in dialysis patients do not seem to be directly attributable to dialysis treatments. Rather, the onset of hemodialysis appears to have beneficial effects on neuropsychological function.</p>","PeriodicalId":79225,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical neuropsychology","volume":"5 4","pages":"301-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01688638308401178","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17699433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 66
Mental status outcomes following carotid endarterectomy: a six-month analysis. 颈动脉内膜切除术后的精神状态:为期六个月的分析。
Journal of clinical neuropsychology Pub Date : 1983-12-01 DOI: 10.1080/01688638308401182
J C Parker, B W Granberg, W K Nichols, J G Jones, J E Hewett
{"title":"Mental status outcomes following carotid endarterectomy: a six-month analysis.","authors":"J C Parker,&nbsp;B W Granberg,&nbsp;W K Nichols,&nbsp;J G Jones,&nbsp;J E Hewett","doi":"10.1080/01688638308401182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01688638308401182","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fifty-one male and two female patients were divided into the following three groups: (a) patients with symptomatic carotid artery disease who received carotid endarterectomies, (b) patients with symptomatic carotid artery disease who either declined or were not candidates for carotid endarterectomies, and (c) patients who received a surgical procedure unrelated to cerebral functioning. The three groups were not significantly different in terms of age or educational level. The subjects were examined using the WAIS, Wechsler Memory Scale, Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Battery, Sickness Impact Profile, and Profile of Mood States. The assessments were conducted presurgery and repeated at a 6 month follow-up. The results of two-way analyses of variance revealed a significant trials effect for a majority of the variables, including the average impairment rating and the full scale WAIS IQ. However, significant group x trials interactions were not found for either the neuropsychological measures or the quality of life indices. The results did not support the conclusion of improved mental status or increased psychosocial well-being in patients who received carotid endarterectomies.</p>","PeriodicalId":79225,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical neuropsychology","volume":"5 4","pages":"345-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01688638308401182","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17699437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 31
Spinal motoneuronal excitability during wakefulness and non-REM sleep in hyperkinesis. 运动亢进时清醒和非快速眼动睡眠时的脊髓运动神经元兴奋性。
Journal of clinical neuropsychology Pub Date : 1983-12-01 DOI: 10.1080/01688638308401180
L Mercier, R T Pivik
{"title":"Spinal motoneuronal excitability during wakefulness and non-REM sleep in hyperkinesis.","authors":"L Mercier,&nbsp;R T Pivik","doi":"10.1080/01688638308401180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01688638308401180","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Variations in spinal motoneuronal excitability were assessed during wakefulness and non-REM sleep in hyperkinetic and normal children by determining the recovery cycle of the H-reflex following a conditioning stimulus. Reflex facilitation which generally occurs 100-300 msec after a conditioning stimulus was markedly reduced during sleep in both groups and during wakefulness as well in hyperkinetic subjects. Among possible mechanisms which might underlie the observed reductions in facilitation, emphasis is placed on decreased central excitability resulting from depressed fusimotor activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":79225,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical neuropsychology","volume":"5 4","pages":"321-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01688638308401180","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17699435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Subtypes of reading disability. 阅读障碍的亚型。
Journal of clinical neuropsychology Pub Date : 1983-12-01 DOI: 10.1080/01688638308401186
B U Watson, D E Goldgar, K L Ryschon
{"title":"Subtypes of reading disability.","authors":"B U Watson,&nbsp;D E Goldgar,&nbsp;K L Ryschon","doi":"10.1080/01688638308401186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01688638308401186","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Subtypes of reading disability were studied through the application of cluster analysis. A battery of 23 measures of reading, language, auditory and visual processing, memory, perceptual organization, and visual-motor coordination was administered to 65 reading-disabled children. The primary clustering technique was the K-means iterative partitioning method which yielded three clusters that were subsequently found to be stable and reproducible. The clusters were characterized by the following: (1) a visual processing deficit; (2) a generalized language disorder; and (3) a minimal deficit subtype. These subgroups were consistent with findings from previous investigations of subtypes of reading disability. The quality of the clusters was assessed through a series of evaluation techniques developed specifically for this purpose and through a cluster analysis of randomly generated data drawn from a normal distribution with the same covariance matrix as the actual data. These analyses indicated that the clusters were relatively heterogeneous, and thus this typology may have limited clinical utility. It is possible that future investigations with more severely disabled readers may produce more homogeneous clusters.</p>","PeriodicalId":79225,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical neuropsychology","volume":"5 4","pages":"377-99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01688638308401186","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17698574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 45
Error evaluation ability of right-hemisphere brain-lesioned patients who have had perceptual-cognitive retraining. 知觉-认知再训练右半脑损伤患者的错误评价能力。
Journal of clinical neuropsychology Pub Date : 1983-12-01 DOI: 10.1080/01688638308401187
C W Johnston, L Diller
{"title":"Error evaluation ability of right-hemisphere brain-lesioned patients who have had perceptual-cognitive retraining.","authors":"C W Johnston,&nbsp;L Diller","doi":"10.1080/01688638308401187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01688638308401187","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":79225,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical neuropsychology","volume":"5 4","pages":"401-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01688638308401187","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17698575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
The Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery: a promise that may be partly fulfilled. 卢里亚-内布拉斯加神经心理学电池:一个可能部分实现的承诺。
Journal of clinical neuropsychology Pub Date : 1983-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/01688638308401173
M Stambrook
{"title":"The Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery: a promise that may be partly fulfilled.","authors":"M Stambrook","doi":"10.1080/01688638308401173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01688638308401173","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper reviews the literature to date on the Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery (LNNB). Consideration of the literature leads to the conclusion that the battery does not meet the stated goal of combining Luria's qualification of the symptom approach with a standardized, quantitative approach to neuropsychological assessment. While the LNNB does not approximate Luria's approach, there are data to suggest that the battery may have potential as a quantitative, standardized battery. However, numerous substantial statistical and methodological problems with the research base preclude the endorsement of the battery for clinical use. Nevertheless, the efficacy of the LNNB in clinical situations will rest, not on the developer's and publisher's claims, or on detractor's critiques, but on carefully planned and well-executed research. Until such research appears, caution is urged to those who would attempt to use this instrument in clinical situations.</p>","PeriodicalId":79225,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical neuropsychology","volume":"5 3","pages":"247-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01688638308401173","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17674641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 23
MBD: meanings and misconceptions. MBD:含义和误解。
Journal of clinical neuropsychology Pub Date : 1983-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/01688638308401174
H G Taylor
{"title":"MBD: meanings and misconceptions.","authors":"H G Taylor","doi":"10.1080/01688638308401174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01688638308401174","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Few terms have generated as much debate and apprehension among those who render clinical services to children as has \"MBD\". The childhood disabilities to which this term has been applied are undeniable. However, neither the implication of the term itself nor the meaning of the concept behind it are well recognized. In order to foster more rational discussion of the topic, the present paper attempts to clarify major misconceptions regarding MBD, and reviews essential features of the concept. Because their term generates false impressions of the disorders to which it is applied and because the concept it represents is itself unsatisfactory, the continued use of the term is objectionable. Nevertheless, the emphasis that the MBD conceptor, more accurately, the tradition underlying it - has placed on biological factors as relevant to the understanding of learning and behavioral problems is worth retaining. Separating the sense from the nonsense behind this concept will, hopefully, foster the development of more appropriate terminology and, in the process, improve communication among those who work with disabled children.</p>","PeriodicalId":79225,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical neuropsychology","volume":"5 3","pages":"271-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01688638308401174","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17674642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 12
Abbreviated WAIS forms for a stroke population. 中风人群的缩写WAIS表格。
Journal of clinical neuropsychology Pub Date : 1983-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/01688638308401172
B Caplan
{"title":"Abbreviated WAIS forms for a stroke population.","authors":"B Caplan","doi":"10.1080/01688638308401172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01688638308401172","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The WAIS protocols of 22 subjects with unilateral stroke were rescored according to two \"short form\" methods. Correlations among versions were extremely high for the summary indices and only slightly smaller for most individual subtests. The use of an abbreviated version of the WAIS appears to be warranted, within limits, for certain purposes.</p>","PeriodicalId":79225,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical neuropsychology","volume":"5 3","pages":"239-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01688638308401172","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17674640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 17
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