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Journal of clinical neuropsychology最新文献

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Test profile of cholinergic dysfunction and of Alzheimer-type dementia. 胆碱能功能障碍和阿尔茨海默型痴呆的试验概况。
Journal of clinical neuropsychology Pub Date : 1984-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/01688638408401229
P A Fuld
{"title":"Test profile of cholinergic dysfunction and of Alzheimer-type dementia.","authors":"P A Fuld","doi":"10.1080/01688638408401229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01688638408401229","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A characteristic profile of subtest scores from the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) similar to that seen in clinically tested dementia patients was found in 10 of 19 normal young adult subjects with a drug-induced cholinergic deficiency of mental functioning but in only 4 of 22 control subjects. The same subtest profile was then found in test data from two groups of consecutive dementia patients (61 and 77 patients, respectively) with research diagnoses of Alzheimer-type dementia (DAT, senile and presenile), multi-infarct, and other dementias. The profile identified 44% of testable patients with AD and was 96% specific to DAT (only two false positives). A Verbal-Performance IQ discrepancy of 15 or more points was associated with cholinergic dysfunction in the normal drug subjects, but this IQ-score discrepancy did not differentiate AD from multi-infarct dementia patients. It was concluded that the subtest profile could contribute to the differentiation of DAT from other dementias. The association of this profile with drug-induced cholinergic deficiency suggested that the cholinergic deficiency of DAT might be responsible for the intellectual changes seen in this disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":79225,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical neuropsychology","volume":"6 4","pages":"380-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01688638408401229","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17161624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 86
Clinical correlates of dementia and disability in Huntington's disease. 亨廷顿氏病中痴呆和残疾的临床相关性
Journal of clinical neuropsychology Pub Date : 1984-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/01688638408401231
J Brandt, M E Strauss, J Larus, B Jensen, S E Folstein, M F Folstein
{"title":"Clinical correlates of dementia and disability in Huntington's disease.","authors":"J Brandt,&nbsp;M E Strauss,&nbsp;J Larus,&nbsp;B Jensen,&nbsp;S E Folstein,&nbsp;M F Folstein","doi":"10.1080/01688638408401231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01688638408401231","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The relationship of duration of illness and severity of neurological impairment to psychometric performance and activities of daily living was examined in 57 patients with Huntington's Disease (HD). As earlier studies suggested, a distinct cognitive profile characterized patients early in the disease. Duration of symptoms, however, proved to be a weaker correlate of cognitive decline than was motor impairment at the time of testing. For predicting adaptive functioning, both duration of symptoms and neurological status were important variables. This study underscores the limitations of length of illness as a classificatory variable in studies of dementia in HD. We further suggest that future studies consider the contribution of defects in precise timing and sequential operations to the cognitive and adaptive deficits of these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":79225,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical neuropsychology","volume":"6 4","pages":"401-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01688638408401231","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17302855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 91
Cued recall in amnesia. 失忆症中的线索回忆。
Journal of clinical neuropsychology Pub Date : 1984-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/01688638408401233
H Buschke
{"title":"Cued recall in amnesia.","authors":"H Buschke","doi":"10.1080/01688638408401233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01688638408401233","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Use of a search procedure to control processing during learning results in apparently normal cued recall by some amnesic patients with impaired free-recall learning. This suggests that their ability to encode and retrieve may be relatively intact when they are induced to carry out effective processing during learning. When processing is controlled during learning, cued recall should be useful for neuropsychological evaluation of residual learning and memory capacity.</p>","PeriodicalId":79225,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical neuropsychology","volume":"6 4","pages":"433-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01688638408401233","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17560555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 505
Base rate data for the WAIS-R: test-retest stability and VIQ-PIQ differences. WAIS-R的基本率数据:重测稳定性和VIQ-PIQ差异。
Journal of clinical neuropsychology Pub Date : 1984-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/01688638408401227
J D Matarazzo, D O Herman
{"title":"Base rate data for the WAIS-R: test-retest stability and VIQ-PIQ differences.","authors":"J D Matarazzo,&nbsp;D O Herman","doi":"10.1080/01688638408401227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01688638408401227","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The data analyzed were the 14 WAIS-R scores from each of the individuals who comprised the WAIS-R standardization sample. Examined was the individual VIQ-PIQ difference from only the initial examination of each of the 1880 subjects, as well as the test-retest change in each of the 14 WAIS-R scores for each of the 119 subjects who were retested. The results revealed that, although the WAIS-R has excellent psychometric reliability as reflected in its standard error of measurement of a VIQ-PIQ difference and its impressively high test-retest Pearson r values, the actual magnitudes of the differences between the VIQ and PIQ assessed in a single examination, or the magnitudes of gain or loss in the 14 scores on retest, for some of these normal individuals were sufficiently high that such base-rate data should be routinely considered by clinical neuropsychologists and other practitioners.</p>","PeriodicalId":79225,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical neuropsychology","volume":"6 4","pages":"351-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01688638408401227","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17558042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 186
Methodological considerations in the use of attribute variables in neuropsychological research. 神经心理学研究中使用属性变量的方法学考虑。
Journal of clinical neuropsychology Pub Date : 1984-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/01688638408401234
D E Tupper, L K Rosenblood
{"title":"Methodological considerations in the use of attribute variables in neuropsychological research.","authors":"D E Tupper,&nbsp;L K Rosenblood","doi":"10.1080/01688638408401234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01688638408401234","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper examines the conceptual and statistical difficulties created when neuropsychological research uses attribute variables in traditional orthogonal experimental designs. It is argued that attribute variables, as a result of their statistical and theoretical nonindependence, break the underlying assumptions of these traditional designs, and may lead to incorrect inferences being drawn. These difficulties are illustrated in a consideration of the typical use of analysis of variance designs, matched groups designs, and the analysis of covariance. Finally, a plea is made for the explicit consideration of the assumptions underlying the design models used in neuropsychological research, and a suggestion is made regarding the more appropriate use of correlational techniques in neuropsychology.</p>","PeriodicalId":79225,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical neuropsychology","volume":"6 4","pages":"441-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01688638408401234","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17560556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 20
Classification of dementia patients by a WAIS profile related to central cholinergic deficiencies. 通过与中枢胆碱能缺陷相关的WAIS资料对痴呆患者进行分类。
Journal of clinical neuropsychology Pub Date : 1984-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/01688638408401230
S D Brinkman, P Braun
{"title":"Classification of dementia patients by a WAIS profile related to central cholinergic deficiencies.","authors":"S D Brinkman,&nbsp;P Braun","doi":"10.1080/01688638408401230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01688638408401230","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sixty-two patients were classified as having Alzheimer-type dementia (AD) or multi-infarct dementia (MID) on the basis of clinical criteria. Protocols from the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) were scored according to a formula reported by Fuld to reflect the effects of scopolamine administration in young adults. The formula correctly classified 13 of 23 AD patients and 37 of 39 MID patients. The formula was similar to Wechsler's deterioration quotient, which produced a greater number of false positives. The formula did not appear to be biased by age, sex, or severity of impairments. Results suggest that the neuropsychological investigation of AD which emphasizes the deficiencies in cholinergic neurotransmission may be a fruitful avenue of further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":79225,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical neuropsychology","volume":"6 4","pages":"393-400"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01688638408401230","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17560554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 51
Florida Kindergarten Screening Battery. 佛罗里达幼儿园筛选组。
Journal of clinical neuropsychology Pub Date : 1984-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/01688638408401236
R D Gates
{"title":"Florida Kindergarten Screening Battery.","authors":"R D Gates","doi":"10.1080/01688638408401236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01688638408401236","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Florida Kindergarten Screening Battery (FKSB)1 is a unique new instrument for the early identification of learning disorders. The authors state that it is designed “…to predict the likehood that an individual kindergarten child will manifest learning problems three years later (end of Grade 2)” (Satz&Fletcher, 1982, p. 1). It incorporates a number of unique features of construction, standardization, and validation. For this reason, it seems appropriate to describe briefly the background of research and theory on which the Battery is based before examining the relative merits of the Battery itself.","PeriodicalId":79225,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical neuropsychology","volume":"6 4","pages":"459-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01688638408401236","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17560558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 35
Relative accuracy of three automated systems for neuropsychological interpretation. 神经心理学解释的三种自动化系统的相对准确性。
Journal of clinical neuropsychology Pub Date : 1984-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/01688638408401232
K M Adams, V I Kvale, J F Keegan
{"title":"Relative accuracy of three automated systems for neuropsychological interpretation.","authors":"K M Adams,&nbsp;V I Kvale,&nbsp;J F Keegan","doi":"10.1080/01688638408401232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01688638408401232","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Three computer programs for automated interpretation of variants of the Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Test Battery were tested on cases in two data sets. The Key approach of Russell, Neuringer, and Goldstein (1970), Brain I (Finkelstein, 1977), and Adams' (1975) ability-based algorithm were employed in the study. The first data set included 63 well-documented cases with precise criterion data and multiple sources of direct verification. The second data set consisted of 30 equally well-studied cerebrovascular disease patients whose cerebral circulation disorders resulted in clinical manifestations encompassing the entire range of stroke. Results suggested that, while none of the programs do poorly at identifying the presence of brain damage, lateralization and possibly other localization/process predictions are not done well by these programs. The failure described in this particular study does not imply that automated methods are potentially less effective than true actuarial or clinical ones. Rather, we suggest that the translation process from clinical interpretation to the mechanical combinatory logic of the digital computer is at an early stage.</p>","PeriodicalId":79225,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical neuropsychology","volume":"6 4","pages":"413-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01688638408401232","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17605401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 20
Luria left in the lurch: unfulfilled promises are not valid tests. Luria在午餐中离开:未兑现的承诺不是有效的测试。
Journal of clinical neuropsychology Pub Date : 1984-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/01688638408401235
K M Adams
{"title":"Luria left in the lurch: unfulfilled promises are not valid tests.","authors":"K M Adams","doi":"10.1080/01688638408401235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01688638408401235","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery (LNNB) remains the subject of controversy among neuropsychologists. Substantial criticisms of a theoretical and applied nature have called into question its research basis as a clinical tool. In response to this, Stambrook (1983) has concluded that further research on the LNNB by neuropsychologists is required. The present commentary disputes this need, pointing to the test author's and publisher's primary responsibility for such research. Tests or batteries may be dropped from one's clinical practice without invoking an obligation on the part of neuropsychology.</p>","PeriodicalId":79225,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical neuropsychology","volume":"6 4","pages":"455-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01688638408401235","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17560557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 12
Dissociation between the processing of affective and nonaffective faces: a case study. 情感性与非情感性面孔处理的分离:个案研究。
Journal of clinical neuropsychology Pub Date : 1984-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/01688638408401228
D Bowers, K M Heilman
{"title":"Dissociation between the processing of affective and nonaffective faces: a case study.","authors":"D Bowers,&nbsp;K M Heilman","doi":"10.1080/01688638408401228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01688638408401228","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this report we describe a patient with a right-hemisphere lesion who showed a dissociation between the processing of affective and nonaffective faces. Although he performed normally on neutral facial tasks, he was impaired in naming and pointing to facial expressions. This dissociation is discussed in terms of four possible mechanisms: (a) a high-level visuoconfigurational defect; (b) an associative agnosic type of defect for facial expressions; (c) a specific \"activation\" defect; and (d) a visual-verbal disconnection resulting in an anomic type of defect for facial expressions.</p>","PeriodicalId":79225,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical neuropsychology","volume":"6 4","pages":"367-79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1984-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/01688638408401228","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17560553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 53
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