Annals of Neurosciences最新文献

{"title":"Stress Among Research Scholars: Causes, \u2028Coping Strategies and Implications for \u2028Policy Reform.","authors":"Saurabh Kumar, Gulab Singh, Anil Kumar, Shiv Kumar Giri","doi":"10.1177/09727531251315236","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09727531251315236","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Stress is a major concern among research scholars as it has a detrimental effect on mental health, productivity and overall well-being. Several stressors, including academic pressure, financial issues, lack of resources and guide-student relationships, significantly contribute to the increased risk of lower physical and mental well-being in the long term. It is important to understand how stressors contribute to increased stress levels.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the causes and consequences of stress, coping strategies in research scholars and policy implications of stress management. A literature search was performed using Google Scholar and PUBMED. This study included original research and review articles that were published in English. This study highlights academic pressure, lack of resources, guide-student relationships, future uncertainty, financial issues and work-life imbalance as major stressors for research scholars. Chronic stress decreases physical, mental, academic and professional outcomes.</p><p><strong>Key message: </strong>We propose adapting the 'AAA strategy (approach, assessment and administration)' by universities and institutes for stress management in research scholars. Policy changes in academic research are needed to improve research scholars' overall productivity and quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":7921,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"09727531251315236"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11959569/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143770905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum Ammonia as a Biomarker to \u2028Differentiate Between True Epileptic and \u2028Psychogenic Non-epileptic Seizures: \u2028A Cross-sectional Study.","authors":"Sumirini Puppala, Srimant Pattnaik, Abhijit Acharya, Srikanta Sahoo, Surjyaprakash S Choudhury, Tanuraj Sirohi","doi":"10.1177/09727531251320158","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09727531251320158","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A kind of conversion condition known as psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) is characterised by brief episodes that resemble epileptic fits but lack electroencephalographic (EEG) confirmation. Although the clinical history plays a significant role in the seizure diagnosis, imaging and serum markers are included in the initial evaluation for patients who present to the emergency.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To validate the prevalence of serum ammonia as a biomarker in differentiating true epileptic and non-epileptic seizures.</p><p><strong>Material methods: </strong>The study was a hospital-based observational, prospective comparative study spanning over 2 years after surpassing the patient consent, inclusion and exclusion criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean of the study participants were middle-aged, males predominant in IES and females in PNES. A slightly higher proportion of the patients in the IES group had episodes of less than 5 minutes in the PNES group, where episodes lasted between 5 to 10 minutes. Awareness of symptoms was observed more frequently in the PNES group. The area under the curve (AUC) for the serum ammonia level at arrival was 0.972 (95% CI: 0.94-0.99) with a <i>P</i> value of < .001.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Mean serum ammonia levels at arrival and after 48 hours of admissions in the idiopathic epileptic seizure group were significantly higher compared to the PNES group with <i>P</i> value < .001, validating its use as a biomarker.</p>","PeriodicalId":7921,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"09727531251320158"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11959567/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143770875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alterations of Activity in Visual Areas of Left Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Patients: Evidence from Moving Facial Emotional Tasks.","authors":"Kanako Oya, Akihiro Tanaka, Yuko Nakamura, Daisuke Ueno, Naoki Akamatsu, Toshiki Mizuno","doi":"10.1177/09727531251315608","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09727531251315608","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Persons with epilepsy suffer from problems with social adaptation and face numerous social issues, even when the seizures are well-controlled. Facial emotion recognition (FER), one of the key components of social cognition, has been shown to be impaired in persons with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To clarify the impairment of neural networks in persons with MTLE, we performed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies of MTLE persons using six dynamic tasks involving FER.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We evaluated brain responses to realistic dynamic facial emotional expressions involving six basic emotions (fear, happiness, anger, sadness, disgust and surprise) in nine persons with left MTLE and ten healthy controls (HCs) using fMRI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We noted brain responses to facial emotions in regions related to FER, such as the anterior insular cortex, medial frontal gyrus, superior frontal gyrus and cerebellum by our moving tasks which involved video tasks used to evaluate FER. Persons with left MTLE showed a reduced response in the right calcarine cortex compared to that of HCs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This is the first study to evaluate task-related fMRI on exposure to six basic emotions involving moving tasks in persons with epilepsy. FER deficit in persons with left MTLE may be partially associated with calcarine activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":7921,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"09727531251315608"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11951118/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143750740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hereditary Haemorrhagic Cerebrovascular Disease: Implications for Clinical Management.","authors":"Wanting Hou, Yanbo Hou, Xiangshan Ren, Jingyao Liu","doi":"10.1177/09727531241308346","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09727531241308346","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>At present, treatment of hereditary haemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease remains in the symptomatic stage. It is more important to provide strategies for developing rational treatment methods, expanding our understanding with regard to the pathophysiology in the context of familial diseases.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>In this article, the combined data from the literature on diseases, including familial cerebral cavernous haemangiomas, hereditary cerebral haemorrhage with amyloidosis, familial intracranial aneurysms, cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy, were reviewed to manage the haemorrhagic diseases discussed through genetic counselling and early prevention and treatment of these patients and their families, the genetics, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations and treatment.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>It is important to understand and treat hereditary haemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease through genetic treatment options.</p>","PeriodicalId":7921,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"09727531241308346"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11920984/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143668731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on Gender-specific Population at Risk of Developing Dementia, Anxiety and Depression Following Exposure to COVID-19.","authors":"Jigar S Padhiar, Uddipak Rai","doi":"10.1177/09727531251319838","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09727531251319838","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The identification of COVID-19 first occurred in January 2020. The rapid transmission of this virus across human populations has led to the emergence of a global pandemic known as COVID-19. Dementia, anxiety and depression are neurological disorders that impact several higher cognitive functions, such as memory, cognition, orientation, understanding, computation, learning ability, language and decision-making.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aims to examine the impact of demographic factors on the occurrence of dementia, anxiety and depression in individuals who have recovered from a COVID-19 infection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study aims to investigate individuals who are at risk of developing dementia, anxiety and depression following exposure to COVID-19. Ethics Committee approval was obtained from hospital (Ethics Committee-Unique Hospital, Surat, India) and University Research Ethics Committee approval was obtained from Dehradun Institute of Technology University, Dehradun, India (DITU/UREC/2022/04/6). Patients willingly participated in the study and signed the ICF as per their preferred language. Patient data was obtained from the hospital with the assistance of medical staff. The study included patients who met the specific criteria for participation, as determined by the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Patients who satisfy the eligibility conditions were obligated to complete the questionnaire. The data was examined based on the subject's responses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Exposure to COVID-19 has been linked to a heightened susceptibility to developing mental health issues, such as anxiety, depression and even dementia. Studies have demonstrated that persons who have acquired COVID-19 are more prone to developing various psychiatric disorders in comparison to those who have not been infected. Individuals with dementia encountered a decline in cognitive function and a rise in neuropsychiatric symptoms, including restlessness, confusion, irritability and lack of motivation, amidst the epidemic. Research has indicated that persons experiencing mild cognitive impairment or dementia exhibited elevated levels of despair and anxiety amongst the epidemic.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this research study on the gender-specific effects of COVID-19 exposure on high-risk persons, development of dementia, anxiety and depression offers important new insights into the complex ways that the pandemic has affected mental health in different genders.</p>","PeriodicalId":7921,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"09727531251319838"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11920980/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143668734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Surya Namaskar</i> as a Gender-sensitive Intervention: Addressing Social Physique Anxiety (SPA) Issues in Women with PCOS.","authors":"Yashvi Panjrath, Vijendra Nath Pathak, Krishan Kumar","doi":"10.1177/09727531251322635","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09727531251322635","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common, lifelong condition affecting about 20% of women, characterised by symptoms such as infertility, obesity, acne and excess facial hair, which can negatively impact both physical and mental health.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to assess the effect of <i>Surya Namaskar</i> on reducing social physique anxiety (SPA) in women diagnosed with PCOS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study applied a pre- and post-test design with 60 women diagnosed with PCOS; there were 100 participants in the study. Out of these 100, only 70 participants had high levels of SPA. Out of these 70 participants, only 60 responded and agreed to participate in the study. The participants were selected from colleges in Dehradun, India, and were between the ages of 18 and 30 years. Split into intervention and control groups. The intervention group practiced <i>Surya Namaskar</i> for 12 weeks, while the control group did not participate in any structured physical activity. SPA and body dissatisfaction were measured using established scales at the beginning and end of the study. Statistical analyses, including paired and independent samples <i>t</i>-tests, were conducted to assess changes within and between the groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicated that <i>Surya Namaskar</i> significantly improved overall health and well-being, with the intervention group showing notable reductions in SPA and body dissatisfaction compared to the control group. Statistical analyses confirmed significant differences in psychological outcomes, supporting the effectiveness of <i>Surya Namaskar</i> in this context.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong><i>Surya Namaskar</i> significantly alleviates SPA and body dissatisfaction, enhancing the psychological health of women with PCOS. Given its accessibility and low cost, <i>Surya Namaskar</i> shows potential as an effective complementary treatment to improve the quality of life for women with PCOS. Further research is needed to explore its long-term effects and the mechanisms behind these improvements.</p>","PeriodicalId":7921,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"09727531251322635"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11920977/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143668727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-fat Diet Coupled with Aerobic Exercise Has a Sexually Dimorphic Effect on the Biochemical Profile and Anxiety-like Behaviour of Adolescent Wistar Rats.","authors":"Archana Gaur, Trina Sengupta, Sutirtha Ghosh, Nachimuthu Maithilikarpagaselvi, Prasunpriya Nayak","doi":"10.1177/09727531251319084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09727531251319084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Childhood exposure to a high-fat diet (HFD) has long-term implications on metabolism and behaviour. Exercise and switching to a normal low-fat diet during adulthood can sometimes reverse a few biochemical consequences of HFD exposure during childhood.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study proposes to address the effect of aerobic exercise on HFD-induced metabolic and behavioural changes by observing the biometric, biochemical and anxiety-like behaviour assessed by elevated plus maze in adolescent male and female Wistar rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fourteen female and 18 male wistar rat pups aged 35 days were divided into 3 groups [control, HFD+exercise and HFD]. The HFD and HFD+exercise alone received HFD for 10 weeks. In addition HFD +exercise were subjected to forced swimming for 30 minutes 5 days a week for 4 last weeks. At the end of 10th week, elevated plus maze recording was done to assess anxiety.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We observed that both male and female Wistar rats' body weight increased within 2 weeks of HFD exposure and continued to increase till 5th week. In male rats, after 4 weeks of exercise, the weight was comparable to that of the control group, while weight decreased in female rats. In both males and females, plasma glucose and lipid profiles were increased after HFD. However, exercise seems to lower these in the HFD + exercise group. Female HFD + exercise group rats showed a significantly higher number of exits from closed arm to open arm and climbing than their sex-matched control on Day 3.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This shows that the exercise ameliorated the anxiogenic behaviour in HFD-fed adolescent female rats but not in male rats to the same extent. When combined, these findings highlight that HFD and exercise throughout adolescence have sex-specific differential effects on biometric, biochemical, and anxiety-like behaviour.</p>","PeriodicalId":7921,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"09727531251319084"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11907564/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143646986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amelioration of Glutamate-induced Toxicity by a New Thyrotropin-releasing Hormone (TRH) Analogue PYR-l-(2,5-Dibromo)-His-l-ProNH₂.","authors":"Mallikarjuna R Sunkara, Jitendra N Singh, C L Meena, A B Pant, Rahul Jain, Shyam S Sharma","doi":"10.1177/09727531241305505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09727531241305505","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Glutamate has been implicated in the pathophysiology of central nervous system diseases, including stroke.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>In this study, the neuroprotective potential of the newly synthesised thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) analogue [Pyr-l-(2,5-dibromo)-His-l-ProNH₂; NP-2376] against glutamate-induced injury model were investigated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cortical neurons isolated from neonatal rats were used to evaluate the effects of the NP-2376. Cortical neurons were pre-treated with NP-2376 (6, 12 and 24 h) prior to glutamate (15 mM) exposure. Cell viability was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and neutral red uptake (NRU) assay, and oxidative stress by chloromethyl-2,7-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) and glutathione assays.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>NP-2376 protected against glutamate-induced cortical neuron death and oxidative stress in a dose-dependent manner.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrates the neuroprotective potential of TRH analogue NP-2376 against glutamate-induced toxicity, which is attributed to a decrease in oxidative stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":7921,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"09727531241305505"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11907565/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143646940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Assessment of Smartphone Use on Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potentials in Healthy Young Adults in North India Short Title: Assessing BAEP Changes in Young Smartphone Users.","authors":"Ayushi Seth, Samir Kumar Singh, Anita Gupta, Hanjabam Barun Sharma","doi":"10.1177/09727531231193238","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09727531231193238","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A smartphone is an essential part of our daily existence. Smartphones are used by about 5.26 billion people.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to determine how the duration of smartphone use influenced brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>BAEPs were measured using BERAGRAPH in 41 young healthy persons in an observational cross-sectional study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When daily smartphone calling time is 60 minutes, there is a statistically insignificant difference in smartphone usage length (5 years and >5 years) between the two groups among BAEPs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite the <i>P</i>-value being insignificant, there is a positive relationship between smartphone use in years and absolute wave latencies and interpeak latencies of brainstem evoked potentials.</p>","PeriodicalId":7921,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"09727531231193238"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11881098/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143571646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurexin-3 is Elevated and Associated with Cognition Status and 4-Hydroxynonenal in Bipolar Disorder.","authors":"Guguloth Sudhakar, Hanumanthappa Nandeesha, Vikas Menon, Kothandan Saravanan","doi":"10.1177/09727531251322019","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09727531251322019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Alteration in synaptic plasticity and oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of bipolar disorder (BD).</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The objectives of the study were to analyse neurexin-3 and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) levels in BD and their relation with cognitive scores and severity of the disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eighty-four BD patients and 84 healthy volunteers were enrolled. Neurexin-3 and 4-HNE were analysed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Cognitive scores were determined using Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination III (ACE-III) scores.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>4-HNE (<i>p</i> < .001) and neurexin-3 (<i>p</i> < .001) were higher in BD cases in comparison with controls. 4-HNE was positively related to neurexin-3 (<i>p</i> = .048). Neurexin-3 was related to the total ACE-III score (<i>p</i> = .029), attention (<i>p</i> = .040) and fluency (<i>p</i> = .026) scores in BD cases. When multivariate analysis was done, neurexin-3 was related to ACE-III score in BD (<i>p</i> = .005).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We conclude that neurexin-3 is increased and associated with 4-HNE and cognitive dysfunction in BD.</p>","PeriodicalId":7921,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"09727531251322019"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11881091/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143571649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}