The European Physical Journal B最新文献

{"title":"From zero-coupling to deep-fusion: internal dynamics of vector soliton molecules in the generalized coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equations with four-wave mixing","authors":"Jia-Xuan Shi,&nbsp;Yan-Nan Zhao,&nbsp;Hui-Qin Hao,&nbsp;Rui Guo","doi":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-026-01282-4","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-026-01282-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Soliton molecules refer to molecule-like bound states composed of multiple elementary solitons via mutual binding interactions, serving as a cutting-edge research subject in the field of nonlinear wave dynamics. Based on the Hirota’s bilinear method, this paper presents <span>((bar{R}+bar{S}))</span>-soliton solutions of the generalized coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equations with four-wave mixing expressed in the form of Gram determinants, and constructs vector soliton molecules by imposing the condition of complete velocity degeneracy. Taking the oscillation frequency as the indicator, the basic soliton molecules are continuously classified into four types: zero-coupling molecules, weak-coupling molecules, strong-coupling molecules and deep-fusion molecules. The first two belong to the dissociated category, and the latter two belong to the synthesized category. This study shows that the system parameters are inversely proportional to the peak intensity of soliton molecules, the phase constants mainly regulate the symmetry of the intensity distribution, and the complex phase constants can also generate distorted structures. Extending the classification to higher-order soliton molecules, we further find the dissociated structure, as well as the synthesized structure such as the (2+1) composite forms. This paper reveals the continuous evolution process of the internal interactions within soliton molecules, providing a theoretical basis for the regulation of multi-soliton bound states in the four-wave mixing background and applications such as multi-level coding and all-optical logic gates in optical communication.</p><p>Schematic illustration of vector soliton molecules in the generalized coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equations with four-wave mixing</p>","PeriodicalId":787,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal B","volume":"99 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149338647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The scattering mechanism and thermoelectric properties for flexible material of α-Ag2S1−xSex (x = 0.25, 0.5)","authors":"Changyi Y. Wu,&nbsp;J. L. Luo,&nbsp;Z. L. Wei,&nbsp;Q. Zhao","doi":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-026-01277-1","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-026-01277-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To clarify the scattering mechanisms and thermoelectric properties of the flexible material <i>α</i>-Ag₂S_1−<i>x</i>Se_<i>x</i> (<i>x</i> = 0.25, 0.5), we systematically investigated its scattering parameters and transport properties using first-principles calculations, Boltzmann transport theory, and the momentum relaxation time approximation (MRTA). Our calculations reveal that polar optical phonon (POP) scattering and ionized impurity (IMP) scattering are the dominant contributors to the carrier scattering mechanisms. Furthermore, we find that the figure of merit of <i>α</i>-Ag₂S_0.5Se_0.5 is higher than that of <i>α</i>-Ag₂S_0.75Se_0.25, and the underlying reasons for this enhancement are identified. These insights offer a new direction for tuning the thermoelectric properties of <i>α</i>-Ag₂S_1−<i>x</i>Se_<i>x</i> (<i>x</i> = 0.25, 0.5) through doping and alloying with Se.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":787,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal B","volume":"99 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149234849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First principles study on modulating the electronic structure of WS2/MS (M = B, Al, Ga) heterostructure for photocatalytic hydrolysis","authors":"Shuce Jiang,&nbsp;Zhenhua Wang,&nbsp;Xiang Lei,&nbsp;Yilong Ma,&nbsp;Wei Cai","doi":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-026-01283-3","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-026-01283-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Photocatalytic water splitting is a critical research frontier for sustainable hydrogen production to address global energy and environmental challenges. WS₂ is a promising candidate among transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) due to its exceptional electrical and mechanical properties. Nevertheless, its practical photocatalytic application is significantly hindered by its low intrinsic density of states and quantum confinement effects. Constructing heterostructures has emerged as an effective strategy to overcome these limitations and enhance catalytic performance. Based on first-principles calculations, this paper systematically investigates the geometric configurations, electronic structures, and photocatalytic performance of WS₂/MS (M = B, Al, Ga) heterostructures. The computational results indicate that this series of heterostructures exhibits low lattice mismatch and robust mechanical and thermal stability. Among them, the W₂/GaS heterostructure displays the lowest interlayer binding energy of − 40.1 meV Å^-2, identifying it as the most stable configuration. For the W₂/GaS heterostructure, a Type II band alignment can be robustly sustained under in-plane biaxial strain varying from − 5.0<span>(%)</span> compressive strain to 5.2<span>(%)</span> tensile strain. Within this strain range, the conduction band minimum (CBM) and valence band maximum (VBM) of the heterostructure are effectively tuned. These energy levels are suitable to satisfy the requirements for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Consequently, this provides the broadest applicable strain range for photocatalytic water splitting. Similarly, with the W₂/GaS heterostructure modified by vertical interlayer distance strain tuning from − 0.6 to 1.0 Å, the band characteristics are similar to those under uniform biaxial strain, also retaining the widest strain window for photocatalytic application. These findings offer a new perspective for overcoming the performance bottlenecks of WS₂ in photocatalytic applications and demonstrate that WS₂/MS heterostructures hold great promise as highly efficient catalysts for photocatalytic hydrogen production.</p>","PeriodicalId":787,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal B","volume":"99 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149234848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phonon-induced decoherence of acoustic waves in carbon nanotubes quantum dots","authors":"Festus Nongnenuor,&nbsp;Kwadwo A. Dompreh,&nbsp;Daniel Sekyi-Arthur,&nbsp;Shemmira Yunus,&nbsp;Raymond Edziah,&nbsp;Samuel K. Fosuhene,&nbsp;S. Y. Mensah","doi":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-026-01266-4","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-026-01266-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We present a theoretical study of hypersound absorption of acoustic phonons associated with Rabi oscillations (ROs) in carbon nanotube quantum dots (CNT-QDs). Using the Boltzmann transport equation (BTE) and non-Maxwellian–Davydov distribution function (DDF) that incorporates the Rabi frequency (<span>(Omega_{{text{R}}} = frac{mu E}{h})</span>, where <span>(E)</span> is a non-quantized electric field and <span>(mu)</span> dipole matrix), we establish a direct coupling mechanism between coherent Rabi oscillations and acoustic phonons in the hypersound regime. This framework offers a new mechanism for analyzing phonon-induced decoherence and resonance effects in CNT-QDs. It was observed that when the hypersound frequency <span>({omega}_{text{q}}=Omega_text{R})</span>, resonant peaks emerge which leads to an absorption of the ROs but when <span>(Omega_{text{R}}&gt; {omega}_{text{q}})</span>, leads to the formation of soliton states. These findings are relevant for quantum information processing with CNT-QDs qubits and for nanoscale communication as well as for Phonon LASER for imaging.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><p> Carbon nanotube quantum dots (CNT-QDs) placed on a piezoelectric substrate (GaAs) between two interdigital transducer (IDT) devices. A surface acoustic wave (SAW) is generated by a high-frequency radio signal input to IDT1 formed on the piezoelectric substrate, which propagates across the surface and reaches IDT2, where it is converted back into a high-frequency electrical signal for detection. When the SAW propagates through the central region, its dynamic electric potential wave packets physically couple with the charge carriers confined inside the energy wells of the CNT-QDs. This phase-locked phonon–electron momentum transfer drives a steady-state acoustoelectric current (Iae) across the two attached electrodes.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":787,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal B","volume":"99 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149234748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structure, magnetic, and thermal properties of Fe2−xCoxVAl quaternary Heusler alloys","authors":"Rajesh Kumar,&nbsp;Jitendra Kumar,&nbsp;Neeraj Jain,&nbsp;Vivek Kumar Jain","doi":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-026-01281-5","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-026-01281-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Structural, magnetic, and thermal properties of Fe_2−<i>x</i>Co_<i>x</i>VAl Heusler alloys (<i>x</i> = 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0) were investigated in the present work. Structural properties were investigated by X-ray diffractograms (XRD). XRD patterns indicate a single-phase face centered cubic Heusler-type structure for all compositions, with weak or unresolved superlattice reflections indicating substantial chemical disorder predominantly associated with an A2-type arrangement. Studies on magnetic properties show an increase of saturation as well as total magnetic moment with increasing value of <i>x</i>, while coercive field decreases when <i>x</i> increases. Relative thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) studies suggest enhanced thermal properties with stability and negligible weight losses by Co doping in Fe₂VAl Heusler alloy. The present series of materials was explored for thermomagnetic characterization experimentally.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":787,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal B","volume":"99 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149234735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modulational instability and parameter-controlled rogue waves in a generalized Gerdjikov–Ivanov model with dispersion","authors":"Xue Guan,&nbsp;Yusi Chen,&nbsp;Yiyou Guo","doi":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-026-01265-5","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-026-01265-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper considers a generalized Gerdjikov–Ivanov model with higher-order nonlinear and dispersive effects. An extended Lax pair provides the spectral representation of the model, and its compatibility condition recovers the governing equation. Linearization about a continuous-wave solution gives a two-branch dispersion relation and the corresponding instability gain. Because the usual gain is inconclusive at zero modulation frequency, the resonant case is examined separately and is found to be unstable. A generalized Darboux transformation produces rogue waves up to fourth order. The first-order solutions retain one dominant crest, while their inclination and width depend on the background. Higher-order compact states separate into triangular arrangements of three, six, and ten elementary peaks. The background coefficients determine the scale and orientation of these patterns, while the deformation parameter controls the separation of their constituent peaks. These results clarify the roles of higher-order nonlinearity, dispersion, and phase deformation in rogue-wave localization and splitting, and may guide parameter selection for the generation or suppression of extreme localized events in nonlinear optical and plasma systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":787,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal B","volume":"99 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149234754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electronic structure of protein–RNA coupling: a tight-binding perspective","authors":"Hamze Mousavi,&nbsp;Ronak Emami","doi":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-026-01290-4","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-026-01290-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this work, we perform a detailed theoretical investigation into the electronic interactions governing protein–RNA complexes by employing a tight-binding Hamiltonian framework coupled by Green’s function methods. The RNA molecule is represented as a half-ladder network of nitrogenous bases, allowing us to evaluate three different protein structural conformations while assessing how multiple contact sites and fluctuating hopping integrals influence the system’s electronic behavior. To capture coherent electronic phenomena and suppress thermal broadening artifacts, we calculate the energy band structures (BS) and density of states (DOS) at low temperatures. Furthermore, both uniform and random configurations of hopping parameters are introduced within the RNA framework to simulate sequence diversity and structural variations. Our numerical findings demonstrate that protein–RNA binding induces notable energy level shifts and reorganizes the DOS profiles, where the intensity and location of these spectral modifications are dictated by the number of interface points, the specific protein shape, and the magnitude of the hopping links. This research emphasizes the crucial role of backbone coupling and outlines the overarching patterns of protein-induced electron delocalization along the RNA strand. Although the selected parameter sets and the low-temperature environment act as conceptual models rather than exact physiological duplicates, they offer meaningful perspectives on the underlying electronic features of these biomolecular assemblies. Ultimately, this theoretical approach establishes a robust basis for interpreting the qualitative electronic responses of biological systems, charting a path for subsequent models that integrate ambient environmental noise, base-to-base interactions, and direct empirical testing.</p>","PeriodicalId":787,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal B","volume":"99 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149189748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zero-gain branch selection of higher-order rational solitons in a fifth-order nonlinear Schrödinger equation","authors":"Xin Zhang,&nbsp;Xiaofeng Li,&nbsp;Haihong Wang,&nbsp;Guoli Ma,&nbsp;Haotian Wang","doi":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-026-01259-3","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-026-01259-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We investigate a fifth-order nonlinear Schrödinger equation, the zero- and nonzero-gain conditions on the modulation-instability resonance line acts as a branch selection of rational solutions. The modulational instability suppressing factor dictates from the generalized Darboux transformation: rogue waves with nonzero-gain, and W-shaped rational solitons with zero-gain. This zero-gain branch generates the higher-order rogue wave and the rational solitons. Asymptotic expressions confirm elastic interactions for second-order solitons and a third-order three-channel structure. Residuals validate solutions, proving modulational instability zero-gain selects rational soliton branches in higher-order models.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div><p>\u0000High-order rational soliton branch selection based on the zero-gain condition of modulation instability</p><p>This study reveals the zero-gain condition on the modulation instability (MI) resonance lines in the quintic nonlinear Schrödinger equation as a key mechanism for selecting rational wave solution branches. As shown in the figure, MI gain analysis identifies distinct stability regions:</p><ol>\u0000 <li>\u0000 <span>1.</span>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Non-zero gain branch: a rogue wave structure with dual temporal and spatial localization.</p>\u0000 \u0000 </li>\u0000 <li>\u0000 <span>2.</span>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Zero-gain branch: The selected propagating W-shaped rational soliton exhibits a distinctive peak-valley structure on the background wave and demonstrates channel characteristics of elastic interactions in higher-order scenarios.</p>\u0000 \u0000 </li>\u0000 </ol><p>This discovery establishes the MI zero-gain condition as an algebraic selection criterion for transitioning from linear analysis to precise nonlinear solution structures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":787,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal B","volume":"99 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149189749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rutile-phase titanium dioxide for a stable picosecond erbium-doped fiber soliton laser","authors":"Xian Li,&nbsp;Zairong Zhang,&nbsp;Hanling Li,&nbsp;Zhongliang Zeng","doi":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-026-01289-x","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-026-01289-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Semiconductor oxide materials have demonstrated significant potential in ultrafast laser device owing to their broadband spectral response, high damage resistance, and excellent physicochemical stability. In this work, we prepared a rutile-phase titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanofilm, experimental results show that by integrating the saturable absorber (SA) into a ring fiber cavity, stable conventional soliton mode-locking operation was achieved, with a center wavelength of 1559.49 nm, a 3 dB spectral bandwidth of 16.60 nm, a pulse duration of 1.01 ps, a fundamental repetition rate of 22.1 MHz, and a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 68.61 dB in the radio frequency (RF) spectrum. The prepared TiO₂ exhibits a modulation depth of 5.96% and a saturation intensity of 0.7149 MW/cm². This study verifies the feasibility of rutile-phase TiO₂ as an efficient and stable SA for 1.5 μm band ultrafast fiber laser.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":787,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal B","volume":"99 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149189750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modulating a chirped Gaussian soliton with third-order dispersion","authors":"Yang Wang,&nbsp;Weijia Zhao,&nbsp;Yangyang Peng,&nbsp;Xiangxin Wang,&nbsp;Liyuan Ye,&nbsp;Yan Zhou","doi":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-026-01285-1","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-026-01285-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>As optical soliton propagates in optical fiber system, higher-order dispersion plays an important role when optical soliton’s higher-order dispersion length is less than or equal to second-order dispersion length. In this study, a chirped Gaussian soliton with consideration of third-order dispersion is theoretically modulated, in a single-mode optical fiber system. Six different parameters of the propagated chirped Gaussian soliton are varied, to modulate input soliton’s temporal and frequency properties. Output pulse shapes and optical spectra that after modulation have unique variation characteristics in orthogonally polarized directions, as different soliton parameters change. For example, it is found that through changing propagation distances and pulse chirps of separated orthogonal components, oscillated pulse tails may occur for both output orthogonal components. Orthogonal output optical spectra maintain their states under the variations of propagation distances, while obvious changes (peak intensities and bandwidths) may occur for output orthogonal optical spectra when pulse chirps change. This study further explores the influence of higher-order dispersion on extra-cavity modulating solitons that propagate in nonlinear optical systems.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":787,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal B","volume":"99 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149189070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}