Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts最新文献

{"title":"Marine algae oligosaccharides: Eco-friendly elicitors for sustainable agriculture","authors":"Abhisha Roy ,&nbsp;Girish T.R. ,&nbsp;Sri Sailaja Nori ,&nbsp;Shrikumar Surya Narayan ,&nbsp;Saikat Bhattacharjee ,&nbsp;Vipin Hallan","doi":"10.1016/j.algal.2025.104093","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.algal.2025.104093","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With an increasing demand for agricultural production to meet global needs, the emphasis is on enhancing crop yields over expansion on arable farming lands. Traditional methods to combat plant diseases involving fungicides, bactericides, and insecticides have raised concerns due to their adverse effects on health and the environment. Consequently, there is an urgent need for novel and environmentally friendly approaches to control plant diseases. Elicitors are defined as substances that stimulate the production of specific bioactive components. These compounds, when applied in small quantities, activate plant defense mechanisms. Seaweeds, classified into three major groups, play crucial roles in marine ecosystems and have great economic significance. Among the aquatic flora, these marine algae are especially notable for their high content of marine algae polysaccharides (MAP), including carrageenan, alginate, fucoidan, laminaran, agarose and ulvan that have been reported to act as elicitors of plant defenses. When hydrolyzed, MAPs yield marine algae oligosaccharides (MAOs), which garnered more significant interest in recent years because of their superior solubility. This review presents a holistic view of seaweeds as natural elicitors, primarily focusing on MAPs and MAOs in enhancing the defensive capabilities of plants. We discuss various methodologies deployed to process MAOs from MAPs, and provide a comprehensive comparison of their efficacies. Further, we explore their application regimens of as elicitors for plant defense, particularly in the context of sustainable agriculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7855,"journal":{"name":"Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 104093"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144071529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon dioxide-assisted enhancement of microalgae growth and pollutant removal in piggery wastewater by newly-isolated ammonia-tolerant microalgae Chlorella sorokinfana","authors":"Junjie He ,&nbsp;Jingcheng Zhang ,&nbsp;Huaiyi Ren ,&nbsp;Yao Zhang ,&nbsp;Huankai Li ,&nbsp;Hui Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.algal.2025.104094","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.algal.2025.104094","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Livestock and poultry breeding produces a large amount of carbon dioxide (CO₂) and wastewater with high concentrations of ammonia‑nitrogen (NH₃−N), such as piggery wastewater (PW). Whether CO₂ can promote microalgae growth and pollutant removal is promising in the green and sustainable treatment of PW. Thus, this study isolated an ammonia-tolerance microalgae species from the PW, which was used to find optimal CO₂ aeration concentration in the microalgae-based PW treatment. The isolated species was identified as <em>Chlorella sorokinfana</em> (genetic similarity of 100 %). The optimal 20 % CO₂ addition could provide carbon sources and balance pH, when compared with the control group within nine days, the growth rate and chlorophyll <em>a</em> of the isolated microalgae reached 6.00 × 10⁷ cells/mL/d and 8.79 mg/L, which considerably increased by 113 % and 79 %, respectively (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05); the removal efficiencies of chemical oxygen demand, dissolved organics, total nitrogen, NH₃-N, and total phosphorous were significantly increased from 42 %, 80 %, 23 %, 28 %, and 34 % to 70 %, 88 %, 66 %, 72 %, and 99 %, respectively (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Differential expression genes were also the highest in the 20 % CO₂ vs the control groups. Based on the enrichment analysis, 20 % CO₂ aeration upregulated ribosome biogenesis and nitrogen metabolism, thus promoting microalgae growth and protein synthesis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7855,"journal":{"name":"Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 104094"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143942309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of series operation of high-rate algal ponds treating sanitary sewage: hydrodynamics, remediation potential, and biomass production","authors":"Iara Barbosa Magalhães ,&nbsp;Miriam Costa Fateixa Reis ,&nbsp;Alexia Saleme Aona de Paula Pereira ,&nbsp;Matheus Quintão Braga ,&nbsp;Paula Peixoto Assemany ,&nbsp;Maria Lúcia Calijuri","doi":"10.1016/j.algal.2025.104091","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.algal.2025.104091","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Operational modifications are a promising, cost-effective strategy to increase the efficiency of algal systems applied to sewage treatment. In this context, this study investigates the effectiveness of operating High-rate Algal Ponds (HRAPs) in series for sanitary sewage treatment, focusing on improving technical performance by assessing pollutant removal efficiencies and biomass production. A hydrodynamic analysis determined Bodenstein's value of 9.7 for HRAPs, indicating a complete mixing regime and suggesting potential benefits to series operation. Subsequently, two systems were operated, each comprising two HRAPs: one operated in series (with a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 5 days in each HRAP) and one operated in parallel (with an HRT of 10 days in each HRAP). The series operation achieved higher coliforms and <em>E. coli</em> removal (97.79 % and 98.33 % compared to 84.09 % and 89.56 % in parallel), while no statistically significant differences were observed in nutrient removal or biomass production. However, the parallel system exhibited 14 % higher TOC removal and biomass with greater lipid (19 %), protein (76 %), and carbohydrate (44 %) content, while the series had higher ash content (65 % higher). Discussions approach the roles of hydrodynamics, nutrient balance, and senescence to explain the performance of each system. Future research should focus on reaching a plug flow regime by optimizing mixing, besides testing more than two ponds in series.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7855,"journal":{"name":"Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 104091"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143942312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-invasive monitoring of cyanobacteria growth in a nanocellulose matrix","authors":"Tuukka Levä ,&nbsp;Ella Mahlamäki ,&nbsp;Sergey Kosourov ,&nbsp;Yagut Allahverdiyeva ,&nbsp;Mikko Mäkelä ,&nbsp;Tekla Tammelin","doi":"10.1016/j.algal.2025.104090","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.algal.2025.104090","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Solid-state photosynthetic cell factories (SSPCFs) for sustainable chemicals manufacturing can be developed towards industrially relevant environment with rapid feedback control over their operation. This requires non-invasive monitoring of the immobilized cells in situ, which is not possible with existing methods. We deployed hyperspectral imaging in the photosynthetically active radiation range (400–700 nm) to enable such monitoring. We systematically assessed cell growth and potential stress during immobilization by studying how 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine 1-oxyl (TEMPO)-oxidized cellulose nanofiber hydrogel thickness, immobilized <em>Synechocystis</em> sp. PCC 6803 cell density and time affected the immobilized cells' absorbance spectra. Time and gel thickness together accounted for almost 80 % of the changes in the spectra. We then calibrated the imaging spectra for chlorophyll <em>a</em> to non-invasively estimate growth of healthy cells in the matrices. Promising correlation for chlorophyll <em>a</em> (model coefficient of determination, R² = 0.90) was observed between hyperspectral imaging and spectrophotometry references from methanol-extracted samples regardless of spatial differences that developed in the matrices over time. Clustering of the image pixels enabled analyzing these differences in the chlorophyll <em>a</em> concentration non-invasively from the whole matrix areas. In the future, this non-invasive data-driven method could be further developed for monitoring SSPCFs' biointelligent chemicals production, contamination, stress and cell growth.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7855,"journal":{"name":"Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 104090"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144071528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional characterization of the recombinant L-type lectin from red alga Gracilaria fisheri with antibacterial potential","authors":"Boonyakorn Boonsri ,&nbsp;Tawut Rudtanatip ,&nbsp;Pongsak Khunrare ,&nbsp;Triwit Rattanarojpong ,&nbsp;Boonsirm Withyachumnarnkul ,&nbsp;Kanokpan Wongprasert","doi":"10.1016/j.algal.2025.104092","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.algal.2025.104092","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Marine algal lectins are promising bioactive compounds with antimicrobial potential. This study produced and characterized a recombinant legume-type lectin from <em>Gracilaria fisheri</em> (rLGFL) and evaluated its antibacterial activity. The <em>LGFL</em> gene was cloned, sequence-verified, and expressed in <em>Escherichia coli</em>. Western blot analysis using a mouse polyclonal antiserum confirmed rLGFL expression. Functional assays demonstrated strong hemagglutination against rabbit erythrocytes, indicating carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) functionality. rLGFL agglutinated <em>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</em> (3HP), <em>Vibrio harveyi</em> (1114), and <em>Aeromonas veronii</em> while exhibiting bactericidal activity against all tested pathogens, including non-agglutinated <em>V. parahaemolyticus</em> (A3212), <em>Streptococcus agalactiae</em>, <em>Aeromonas hydrophila</em>, and <em>Edwardsiella ictaluri</em>. These findings suggest dual antibacterial mechanisms: agglutination-mediated pathogen immobilization and direct bactericidal effects. Seasonal analysis of <em>G. fisheri</em> from Songkhla, Thailand, revealed peak <em>LGFL</em> expression from January to March and July to September, identifying optimal harvesting periods. This study highlights rLGFL as a potential eco-friendly antibacterial agent with applications in aquaculture and disease management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7855,"journal":{"name":"Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 104092"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143942195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of Nostoc sp. biomass and protein composition in high-density cultivator based on DoE","authors":"Veronica Lucato ,&nbsp;Yob Ihadjadene ,&nbsp;Stefania Sut ,&nbsp;Stefano Dall'Acqua ,&nbsp;Eleonora Sforza ,&nbsp;Felix Krujatz","doi":"10.1016/j.algal.2025.104088","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.algal.2025.104088","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-density (HD) cultivation systems are a valuable alternative to improve the productivity of phototrophic microorganisms. They are designed to address the major challenges such as low cell densities, light attenuation, and inefficient gas exchange, offering innovative solutions. This work investigates the HD cultivation of the nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterium <em>Nostoc</em> sp. PCC 7120 under diazotrophic conditions, employing a hydrophobic membrane system for efficient CO₂ and N₂ transfer. A design of experiment (DoE) approach is applied to evaluate the influence of key operating variables, including light intensity, photoperiod, and phosphorus concentration, on biomass productivity (P_X) and nitrogen fixation (P_N). Mathematical models, describing the interactions between these process variables and growth responses are developed and validated, enabling the optimization of cultivation conditions to maximise productivity. Remarkable biomass productivity of 1.53 g_X L⁻¹ d⁻¹ was obtained in this system, under diazotrophic conditions. P_X was largely affected by light intensity, which should be supplied continuously, aligning with the ability of heterocystous species like <em>Nostoc</em> sp. of simultaneously perform photosynthesis and N-fixation. Additionally, phosphorus concentration was a critical parameter that must be precisely controlled to prevent substrate limitation or inhibition, with an optimal value of 34.1 mg_P L⁻¹. The produced biomass was further characterised with a focus on its nitrogen-rich molecules, particularly proteins, and nutritional value, assessed through essential amino acid content. The results showed that protein content was improved (53.4 %) at 280 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹, 25.5 mg_P L⁻¹_, and 18 h light period, with essential amino acid ranging between 11 % and 15 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7855,"journal":{"name":"Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 104088"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143942197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro anticancer properties of the red seaweed Laurencia (J.V. Lamouroux, 1813): A systematic review","authors":"Alexsandra de Morais Martins ,&nbsp;Elizabeth Fernanda de Oliveira Borba ,&nbsp;Beatriz de Fátima Maia de Santana ,&nbsp;Rodrigo Ribeiro Alves Caiana ,&nbsp;Ana Carla da Silva ,&nbsp;Juliane Bernardi Vasconcelos ,&nbsp;Júlio César Ribeiro de Oliveira Farias de Aguiar ,&nbsp;Teresinha Gonçalves da Silva ,&nbsp;Daniela Maria do Amaral Ferraz Navarro","doi":"10.1016/j.algal.2025.104089","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.algal.2025.104089","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Laurencia</em> comprises several species of seaweed that have been identified as valuable sources of bioactive substances with potential applications in the treatment of cancer. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of <em>in vitro</em> research on the anticancer properties of species of <em>Laurencia</em> through a systematic review. An exploratory bibliographical review of articles published between the years 2000 and 2022 was conducted following the PRISMA protocol. The inclusion criteria were <em>in vitro</em> experimental studies, anticancer activity, and <em>Laurencia</em>. Forty-six articles that investigated the cytotoxic and anticancer activity of nonpolar and polar extracts, fractions, and compounds isolated from species of <em>Laurencia</em> were included. The constituents studied by the authors reaffirm the ability to inhibit the viability and proliferation of different neoplastic cell lines, control the cell cycle, and promote the induction of cell death pathways.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7855,"journal":{"name":"Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 104089"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144107458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physiological characteristics of microalgae in response to glyphosate and tetracycline regulated by exogenous melatonin","authors":"Jiayi Liu ,&nbsp;Mei Qi ,&nbsp;Xiaoting Qiu ,&nbsp;Xuezhi Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaojun Yan ,&nbsp;Roger Ruan ,&nbsp;Pengfei Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.algal.2025.104081","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.algal.2025.104081","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microalgae exhibit significant promise in wastewater bioremediation owing to their exceptional environmental adaptability. This investigation systematically evaluated the effects of glyphosate (herbicide) and tetracycline (antibiotic) on four microalgal species <em>Chlorella sorokiniana</em>, <em>Scenedesmus quadricauda</em>, <em>Chlorella</em> sp., and <em>Chaetoceros</em> sp., while elucidating melatonin's regulatory role in stress resilience. The results showed that 800 μg/L glyphosate promoted growth in all species, with the cell counts of <em>S. quadricauda</em> increasing by 42.25 %. Low glyphosate concentrations stimulated <em>C. sorokiniana</em> growth, while high concentrations inhibited it. Tetracycline (10 μg/L) enhanced growth, with <em>C. sorokiniana</em> biomass increasing by 25.77 % at 50 μg/L. Organic pollutants increased malondialdehyde (MDA) content and decreased catalase (CAT) activity. Glyphosate inhibited CAT activity in <em>Chaetoceros</em> sp. by 28.00 %. Melatonin (10 μg/L) significantly improved stress resistance, increasing <em>S. quadricauda</em> biomass by 49.58 % at 10 μg/L glyphosate. Melatonin attenuated MDA levels (18.55 % to 56.11 % reduction) and markedly elevated CAT activity (108.37 % increase) in <em>Chlorella</em> sp. Melatonin promoted lipid accumulation in <em>S. quadricauda</em>, <em>Chlorella</em> sp., and <em>Chaetoceros</em> sp., with the lipid content of <em>Chlorella</em> sp. reaching 2.58 times than the control under combined melatonin-glyphosate treatment. This study provides critical insights for optimizing microalgae-based treatment systems targeting glyphosate- and tetracycline-contaminated wastewater, particularly through melatonin-mediated stress mitigation strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7855,"journal":{"name":"Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 104081"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143922692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green synthesis of titanium oxide nanoparticles using aqueous extracts of Limnospira fusiformis and their multifunctional applications in biomedical and biodiesel production","authors":"Fayaazuddin Thajuddin ,&nbsp;Prakash Palanivel ,&nbsp;Arutselvan Chithirai ,&nbsp;Shakena Fathima Thajuddin ,&nbsp;Pugazhendhi Arivalagan ,&nbsp;Chandraleka Saravanan ,&nbsp;Thajuddin Nooruddin ,&nbsp;Dhanasekaran Dharumadurai","doi":"10.1016/j.algal.2025.104082","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.algal.2025.104082","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biosynthesis of Titanium oxide nanoparticles (TiO₂ NPs) is an emerging strategy that is being commonly employed in industrial and environmental wastewater treatments. This study adopted green chemistry technique to synthesize TiO₂ NPs, utilizing aqueous extract derived from cyanobacteria <em>Limnospira fusiformis</em>. A comprehensive characterization of the biogenic TiO₂ NPs was performed using spectroscopic and microscopic analysis. Antibiofilm potential of TiO₂ NPs was tested against human pathogens, specifically in <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> (Gram-negative) and <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> (Gram-positive) bacteria. Cytotoxicity of TiO₂ NPs was assessed against the cancer cell lines, human lung A549 and breast MDA-MB-231 employing MTT assay. The study also investigated the conversion of oil extracted from microalgae consortium (<em>Chlorella vulgaris</em> + <em>Scenedesmus dimorphus</em>), into biodiesel at varying catalyst concentration. In this study, the UV–visible spectrum of biogenic TiO₂ NPs exhibited a sharp absorption peak at 254 nm. FTIR analysis revealed peaks at 424, 1398, 1632, and 3479 cm⁻¹. XRD pattern shows five intense broad peaks indexed as (101), (004), (200), (105), and (205). SEM images displayed spherical-shaped structures in clustered form of TiO₂ NPs. The presence of titanium and oxygen was further confirmed by the EDS profile. Zeta potential and dynamic scattering analysis illustrated the TiO₂ NPs were highly stable at −49.4 mV with a mean size of 98.9 nm. Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) confirmed the successful functionalization of TiO₂ NPs. Biogenic TiO₂ NPs exhibited a promising effect against <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> and the MDA-MB-231 cancer cell lines at 20 μg/mL and 10 μg/mL concentration, correspondingly. This research also revealed that these green-synthesized TiO₂ NPs performed as an effective catalyst for converting algal lipids into biodiesel. Maximum amount of FAME was produced at 6 mg/mL concentration. Moreover, these green-synthesized NPs show promising nano-biomaterials for various applications in biomedicine and could also significantly improve the large-scale production of biodiesel.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7855,"journal":{"name":"Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 104082"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143927511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing cell growth and phycocyanin production in heterotrophic and mixotrophic cultures of Galdieria sulphuraria through modulation of the C/N ratio and organic carbon sources","authors":"Mariana Manzoni Maroneze,&nbsp;Carlos A. Montenegro-Herrera ,&nbsp;Alfredo Martinez","doi":"10.1016/j.algal.2025.104086","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.algal.2025.104086","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growth and accumulation of metabolites in the polyextremophile microalga <em>Galdieria sulphuraria</em> CCMEE 5587.1 were evaluated under mixotrophic and heterotrophic conditions, using glucose and glycerol as carbon sources with varying C/N ratios. The results showed that glycerol resulted in lower biomass productivity (P_X = 0.32 to 0.61 g L⁻¹ d⁻¹) and phycocyanin production (P_PC = 1.7 to 20.9 mg L⁻¹ d⁻¹) compared to glucose (P_X = 0.57 to 1.38 g L⁻¹ d⁻¹ and P_PC = 1.4 to 31.3 mg L⁻¹ d⁻¹). A lower C/N ratio enhanced the synthesis of phycobiliproteins and supported cell growth. In contrast, an increase in the C/N ratio led to the accumulation of nitrogen compounds alongside a rise in carbohydrate accumulation. When considering culture mode, biomass yield on carbon was significatively higher in mixotrophic conditions compared to heterotrophic conditions. This indicates that cells derive energy from both photosynthesis and respiration. Among the conditions assessed, mixotrophy combined with a low C/N ratio using glucose is recommended to produce phycocyanin from <em>G. sulphuraria</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7855,"journal":{"name":"Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts","volume":"89 ","pages":"Article 104086"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143942308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}