Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts最新文献

{"title":"Allelopathic inhibition of Oocystis borgei on Microcystis aeruginosa: Mechanisms and identification of the predominant allelochemicals","authors":"Liangmou Wang ,&nbsp;Ya He ,&nbsp;Hui Yang ,&nbsp;Qian Zhang ,&nbsp;Dapeng Li ,&nbsp;Li Li","doi":"10.1016/j.algal.2025.104243","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.algal.2025.104243","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing frequency of blue-green algae blooms has exerted significant detrimental impacts on aquatic ecosystem health. This study investigated the allelopathic effects of <em>Oocystis borgei</em> filtrate (at concentrations of 0 %, 25 %, 50 %, 75 %, and 100 %) on <em>Microcystis aeruginosa</em> and identified key inhibitory compounds. Our results demonstrate that <em>O. borgei</em> filtrate significantly inhibited <em>M. aeruginosa</em> growth, as indicated by reduced cell density, Chl-a content, and photosynthetic efficiency metrics (F_v/F_m and Y(II)). Mechanistic analyses demonstrated that the filtrate disrupted cell membrane integrity, thereby inducing intracellular toxin release and altering cellular composition through a concomitant decrease in protein-like substances and increase in humic-like substances. GC–MS analysis identified multiple bioactive allelochemicals in the <em>O. borgei</em> filtrate, including phenolic compounds (3,5-di-tert-butylphenol, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol), phenol derivatives (2,2′-methylenebis(4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol)), and esters/phthalates (erucamide, tributyl citrate, dibutyl phthalate, di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, and diisooctyl phthalate). Notably, 3,5-di-tert-butylphenol exhibited the strongest inhibitory effect (7-day EC₅₀ = 3.61 mg/L, IQ =1.83). These findings underscore the capacity of <em>O. borgei</em>-derived allelochemicals to suppress harmful <em>M. aeruginosa</em> growth, offering a species-specific allelopathic strategy to precision-target harmful <em>Microcystis blooms</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7855,"journal":{"name":"Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 104243"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144739105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coordinated carbon and nitrogen metabolism in attaining iron homeostasis in the unicellular N2-fixing cyanobacterium Crocosphaera watsonii WH8501","authors":"Xin Zhong,&nbsp;Meng Chen,&nbsp;Guangming Mai,&nbsp;Tuo Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.algal.2025.104249","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.algal.2025.104249","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Marine diazotrophic cyanobacteria are ocean's primary producers and suppliers of “new” nitrogen (N) due to their capability to perform both photosynthesis and N₂ fixation, which require iron (Fe)—an extremely scarce trace metal in world's surface ocean—as a cofactor. While enhanced phytoplankton growth as a result of Fe fertilization has been frequently encountered, how marine diazotrophs adjust basal physiology and metabolism in response to varied Fe availability, particularly from a single-cell perspective, remains elusive. Here we show coordinated carbon (C) and N metabolism in sustaining Fe homeostasis in the unicellular N₂-fixing cyanobacterium <em>Crocosphaera watsonii</em> WH8501. Fe deficiency inhibited cell growth, photosynthesis and N₂ fixation, leading to a decrease in the content of particulate organic C and N. However, the C:N ratio in the Fe-deficient cells was significantly higher than that in the Fe-replete cells, coinciding with a greater reduction in metalloenzyme inventory associated with N metabolism than with C metabolism. Intriguingly, Fe deficiency caused C flux toward Fe-independent glycolysis and bypassing the Fe-dependent tricarboxylic acid cycle so that Fe can be reallocated to superoxide dismutase to maintain redox balance. Meanwhile, upregulation of the nitrate/nitrite assimilation enzymes under Fe deficiency further alleviated the high Fe demand of N₂ fixation. Taken together, this study highlights physiological basis underpinning <em>Crocosphaera</em> phenotypic plasticity in regulating central metabolism to acclimatize Fe availability, which is of important reference in assessing marine diazotrophs adaptation to changing marine ecosystem.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7855,"journal":{"name":"Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 104249"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144737973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enrichment of Arthrospira platensis with silver nanoparticles: Effects on nanoparticle uptake and biomass accumulation","authors":"Inga Zinicovscaia ,&nbsp;Nikita Yushin ,&nbsp;Tatiana Chiriac ,&nbsp;Ludmila Rudi ,&nbsp;Irina Fadeikina ,&nbsp;Evgeny Andreev ,&nbsp;Liliana Cepoi","doi":"10.1016/j.algal.2025.104253","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.algal.2025.104253","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The incorporation of silver nanoparticles into cyanobacterium <em>Arthrospira platensis</em> biomass is emerging as a promising strategy to enhance its functional value. However, achieving a balance between efficient nanoparticle uptake and the preservation of biomass accumulation remains a key challenge. This study investigated the effects of two silver nanoparticles types - synthesized via electrical discharge in distilled water (AgNPs) and stabilized with potassium carbonate (AgNPs K₂CO₃) - on biomass accumulation, biochemical composition, oxidative stress markers, and nanoparticle uptake. Both nanoparticle types were effectively bioaccumulated, with retention efficiencies reaching up to 92 %, without entirely suppressing biosynthetic activity. AgNPs K₂CO₃ enhanced <em>Arthrospira platensis</em> biomass accumulation and antioxidant activity, while both nanoparticles' types reduced protein and carbohydrate content. Lipid levels in the biomass varied depending on nanoparticle type and their concentration. Notably, malondialdehyde levels remained comparable to the control, suggesting effective oxidative stress management. The combination of high silver uptake with preserved redox balance and acceptable biochemical parameters indicates that <em>Arthrospira platensis</em> biomass enriched with silver nanoparticles, particularly K₂CO₃-stabilized, can be considered for safe and controlled biotechnological applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7855,"journal":{"name":"Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 104253"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144737972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microalgae-associated Stenotrophomonas maltophilia enhances lutein production and biostimulant activity in Monoraphidium sp.","authors":"João Artur Câmara Manoel ,&nbsp;Karolína Šterbová ,&nbsp;Mohit Kumar Saini ,&nbsp;Daniela Bárcenas-Pérez ,&nbsp;José Cheel ,&nbsp;Tomáš Grivalský ,&nbsp;Gergely Ernő Lakatos ,&nbsp;Martin Lukeš ,&nbsp;Petra Urajová ,&nbsp;Alice Ferreira ,&nbsp;Daniel Figueiredo ,&nbsp;Luísa Gouveia ,&nbsp;Jiří Masojídek ,&nbsp;Kumar Saurav","doi":"10.1016/j.algal.2025.104250","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.algal.2025.104250","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photosynthetic organisms like microalgae can collect solar energy and transform it into biochemical compounds as other forms of energy that can be utilized in metabolic processes. In nature, microalgae coexist with bacterial communities and may maintain a symbiotic relationship. In the current study, a heterotrophic bacterium, <em>Stenotrophomonas maltophilia</em> was isolated from the phycosphere of a cold-adapted green microalga <em>Monoraphidium</em> sp. (further abbreviated as <em>Monoraphidium</em>). By using advanced liquid chromatography-high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS/MS), we were able to detect homoserine lactones (HSLs): 3OHC12-HSL, 3OHC10-HSL, 3OHC14-HSL, C10-HSL, C8-HSL, and OC14-HSL, produced by <em>S. maltophilia</em>. Further, the role of this bacterium in establishing intricate relationships and its implication on biotechnological potential was evaluated. Significant improvements were found in the lutein production of the <em>Monoraphidium</em> culture with bacterial supplements, achieving about 19.3 ± 0.88 mg g⁻¹ DW of this carotenoid compared to 13.7 ± 1.87 mg g⁻¹ DW in the control, which represents an increase of about 40 %. Furthermore, the biostimulant potential of <em>Monoraphidium</em> was evaluated using the germination tests with tomato and barley seeds. A higher germination index was observed with improvements of 55 % in tomato and 110 % in barley, respectively, as compared to the control culture, which was related to the microalgae's growth stage. The role of the bacterium was evaluated in how the intricate relationships with the microalgal culture can affect its biotechnological potential (e.g., biostimulant activity and lutein production). The current work expands our knowledge towards designing an efficient polyculture based on complementary traits and metabolic potential to maximize the yield and bioactivity in algal biotechnology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7855,"journal":{"name":"Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 104250"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144750360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physiological and molecular responses of the dinoflagellate Gymnodinium impudicum to phosphorus deficiency: Insights into dissolved organic phosphorus utilization strategies","authors":"Yujiao Chen ,&nbsp;Mingyang Xu ,&nbsp;Yinghao Wang ,&nbsp;Honglin Chen ,&nbsp;Xiaotong Cheng ,&nbsp;Nanjing Ji ,&nbsp;Lingjie Zhou ,&nbsp;Song Sun ,&nbsp;Xin Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.algal.2025.104245","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.algal.2025.104245","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phosphorus (P) is a vital macronutrient essential for phytoplankton growth. However, in certain oceanic regions, P is often scarce, and numerous studies have demonstrated that dinoflagellates exhibit a robust adaptive capacity, including the utilization of dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP), to cope with P deficiency. In this study, we investigated the physiological and molecular responses of the dinoflagellate <em>Gymnodinium impudicum</em>, a species frequently associated with coastal blooms, to P-deficient conditions, with a focus on its DOP utilization strategies. Our findings reveal that P deficiency significantly inhibits the growth of <em>G. impudicum</em>, and the algal cells likely adapt to P deficiency through phospholipid degradation mechanisms. Among the tested DOP sources, glucose-6-phosphate (G6P), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) were able to support the growth of <em>G. impudicum</em>, whereas glyphosate (Gly) was not efficiently utilized. Notably, an increase in alkaline phosphatase activity was observed during cultivation under P-deficient conditions. Furthermore, ATP was assimilated following extracellular degradation, while G6P appeared to be directly absorbed via endocytosis. This study provides critical insights into the adaptive strategies of <em>G. impudicum</em> under P-deficient conditions, offering a theoretical foundation for assessing the potential risks of this species bloom in both P-deficient and eutrophic environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7855,"journal":{"name":"Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 104245"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144724976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the influence of the hydraulic retention time on the tertiary and quaternary treatment of a high rate algal pond","authors":"Lois Regueira-Marcos ,&nbsp;Rebeca López-Serna ,&nbsp;Octavio García-Depraect ,&nbsp;Maria del Rosario Rodero ,&nbsp;Ana Alcoceba ,&nbsp;Raúl Muñoz","doi":"10.1016/j.algal.2025.104239","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.algal.2025.104239","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The influence of the hydraulic retention time (HRT) on the performance of a high-rate algal pond (HRAP) with biomass settling and recycling for tertiary and quaternary treatment of domestic wastewater was herein evaluated. A decrease in the HRT from 4 days (P1) to 2 days (P2) did not entail substantial differences in the removal efficiencies of nitrogen (54.3 ± 11.6 and 54.0 ± 7.3 %), phosphorous (42.6 ± 21.6 and 39.3 ± 35.8 %), organic carbon (33.5 ± 12.2 and 38.4 ± 26.4 %) and inorganic carbon (55.6 ± 10.8 and 50.5 ± 26.8 %). <em>Escherichia coli</em> (0.7 ± 1.4 and 3.8 ± 5.2 CFU-mL⁻¹, respectively) and suspended solid (10 mg TSS-L⁻1 average) concentrations in the effluent remained below European discharge limits. However, the effluent total nitrogen (TN) concentration exceeded those limits, despite the high NH₄⁺ removal capacity (&gt; 95 %) of the HRAP. Regarding CECs, 9 compounds were removed below their quantification limit in P1, and 5 compounds in P2. The HRT exhibited a low impact on the total removal of CECs, with removal efficiencies of 57.6 ± 4.0 % and 63.7 ± 3.1 % during P1 and P2, respectively. The CEC concentrations retained in biomass increased at decreasing the HRT, with 723 and 1026 μg L⁻¹ at P1 and P2, respectively. Most of these compounds belonged to the group of fluoroquinolones or anti-inflammatory drugs. Overall, HRAPs represent a cost-effective technology platform for tertiary and quaternary treatment of domestic wastewaters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7855,"journal":{"name":"Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 104239"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144724977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research progress in the technology of active substance extraction from red algae","authors":"Jinqi Qu ,&nbsp;Runze Liu ,&nbsp;Wensong Yu ,&nbsp;Wenjun Li ,&nbsp;Chenyang Lu ,&nbsp;Song Qin","doi":"10.1016/j.algal.2025.104244","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.algal.2025.104244","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Seaweeds are a valuable component of marine biological resources, with numerous species and high economic value. Red algae, an important taxonomic group of seaweed, consist of approximately 6000. In addition to wild red algae, several species of red algae with significant economic value are cultivated to varying degrees across the globe. Red algae are rich in bioactive compounds, including carrageenan, phycoerythrin, polyunsaturated fatty acids, catechol, and niacinamide. These compounds have demonstrated antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and immunomodulatory properties. Various extraction methods, such as solid liquid extraction and ultrasound-assisted extraction, have been employed to isolate these compounds. The objective of this review is to summarize the bioactive compounds found in red algae and the techniques utilized for their extraction. The information provided will serve as a reference for future applications in this field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7855,"journal":{"name":"Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 104244"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144749502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fermentation of cultivated brown algae Saccharina latissima and Alaria esculenta and effects on alginate quality","authors":"Mina Gravdahl ,&nbsp;Øystein Arlov ,&nbsp;Inga Marie Aasen ,&nbsp;Finn L. Aachmann","doi":"10.1016/j.algal.2025.104241","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.algal.2025.104241","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alginate, the main structural component of brown algae, is a family of polysaccharides containing <span><math><mi>β</mi></math></span>-<span>d</span>-mannuronate (M) and <span><math><mi>α</mi></math></span>-<span>l</span>-guluronate (G) in varying ratios. Most alginate produced outside of Asia comes from wild harvested biomass, whereas cultivated seaweeds can provide a complementary supply to existing and new markets. Unfortunately, cultivated brown algae have a short harvest season, and cost-effective and sustainable preservation methods are required to ensure year-round access to high-quality biomass for alginate production. This study examines the effects of lactic acid fermentation for up to 95 days of cultivated <em>Saccharina latissima</em> (SL) and <em>Alaria esculenta</em> (AE) on alginate yield and quality in terms of purity, molecular weight (M_w) and monosaccharide composition. Alginate yield was relatively stable throughout storage time. Alginate lyase activity was observed in all the stored AE samples, while only in the SL alginate stored for 95 days. Both species showed a decrease in alginate M_w, presumably mainly due to acid hydrolysis during storage, but for AE, the decrease in M_w was also due to lyase activity. Enzymatic activity resulted in the AE alginate G fraction increasing from 53 % to 65 %, while the SL alginate G fraction remained constant during storage. The overall findings demonstrated that fermentation had a stabilizing effect on brown algae, maintaining a sufficiently high quality of the alginates for several applications. Rapid decrease in pH is crucial to prevent unwanted microbial growth, as well as lyase activity, but pH should not be too low, to avoid excessive depolymerization by acid hydrolysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7855,"journal":{"name":"Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 104241"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144722125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Light Emitting Diode (LED) irradiation on growth, biochemical, antioxidant, and antibacterial activity of Scenedesmus sp","authors":"Hoda A. Fathey ,&nbsp;Asmaa H. Al-Badwy ,&nbsp;M. Hassan ,&nbsp;Shaimaa M.I. Alexeree ,&nbsp;Amal A.A. Mohamed","doi":"10.1016/j.algal.2025.104236","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.algal.2025.104236","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Different LED wavelengths, red at 635 nm, blue at 447 nm and mixed wavelength irradiation either sequential red-blue or simultaneous red-blue for different exposure times (30, 60 and 90 min) were investigated for their effect on the growth, cell size, pigment accumulation, total carbohydrate and protein content of the micro alga, <em>Scenedesmus</em> sp. Bioactive secondary metabolites including phenolics, flavonoids, saponins and tannins were estimated. In addition, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of methanolic algal extract were detected. Exposure to 30 min of red wavelength and 60 min in case of blue and mixed wavelengths exhibited maximum growth of <em>Scenedesmus</em> sp. Exposure duration for 90 min to different wavelengths decreased cell size of <em>Scenedesmus</em> sp. as compared with non-treated cells. In addition, accumulation of chlorophyll <em>a</em>, b, and carotenoids was in the following order: M (sequential red-blue) &gt; R + B (simultaneous red-blue) &gt; blue &gt; red &gt; control. A noticeable increase in total carbohydrate content was observed in all treatments, except, the blue wavelength treatment (B) in comparison to the control. The maximum protein content was recorded under control and blue LED illumination. Flavonoid content was markedly increased in all treatments compared to the control however, phenolic content was significantly reduced. Exposure of <em>Scenedesmus</em> sp. to blue LED for 60 min was positively linked to the enhancement of bioactive antioxidants. Exposure of <em>Scenedesmus</em> sp. to red LED for 30 min was linked to strong antibacterial activity. Further research is required to elucidate the underlying mechanisms governing algal responses to specific wavelengths.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7855,"journal":{"name":"Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 104236"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144737974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimisation of gametophyte culturing and seeding methods for cultivation of the kelp Ecklonia radiata","authors":"Rebecca J. Lawton ,&nbsp;Marie Magnusson","doi":"10.1016/j.algal.2025.104240","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.algal.2025.104240","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Identification of optimal gametophyte culturing and seeding methods is essential for the development of kelp aquaculture for novel target species. We investigated the effects of light colour (red, white), light intensity (5–60 μmol photons m⁻² s⁻¹) and initial gametophyte density (0.005–0.25 g DW L⁻¹) on gametophyte growth and reproductive success in <em>Ecklonia radiata</em>; and the effects of seeding density (0.025–0.090 mg DW m⁻¹ twine), biomass state (vegetative gametophyte, microscopic sporophyte), and seeding method (spray, spray+rub, xanthan binder, alginate binder) on sporophyte density, growth and attachment strength on seeding twine in three laboratory experiments. We found pronounced and significant differences in the growth and reproductive success of <em>E. radiata</em> gametophytes in free floating cultures maintained under different light colours, light intensities and stocking densities. We also found substantial and significant differences in sporophyte density, growth and attachment strength among seeding methods, seeding densities and biomass states for hatchery seeding of twine. Based on our results we recommend maintaining gametophyte cultures under red light at an intensity of 20 μmol photons m⁻² s⁻¹ and a density of 0.025 g DW L⁻¹ to maximise vegetative growth, while successful reproduction can be induced within two weeks by placing cultures under white light at 20 μmol photons m⁻² s⁻¹ and a density of 0.005–0.05 g DW L⁻¹. For hatchery seeding and cultivation, we recommend spraying vegetative gametophyte biomass onto seeding twine at a density of 0.090 mg DW m⁻¹ twine. There was no advantage to using binders or inducing reproduction in biomass prior to seeding.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7855,"journal":{"name":"Algal Research-Biomass Biofuels and Bioproducts","volume":"92 ","pages":"Article 104240"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144721423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}