American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation最新文献

{"title":"Demographic and Clinical Factors Associated With Functional Changes in Long-Covid.","authors":"Barbara Mazer, Debbie Ehrmann Feldman","doi":"10.1097/PHM.0000000000002686","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PHM.0000000000002686","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Many people experience symptoms months or years after COVID-19 infection. The impact of these symptoms on daily functioning and factors associated with functional decline are not well understood. This study aimed to describe functional changes among persons with long-Covid and explore associated sociodemographic and clinical factors. A total of 2764 adults who tested positive for COVID-19 were recruited at ≥12 wks after diagnosis. Participants responded to an electronic survey ( Newcastle Post-COVID Syndrome Questionnaire (symptoms); COVID-19 Yorkshire Rehabilitation Screen (activities; perceived global health, mobility, personal care, daily activities). A total of 37.8% were classified as having long-Covid based on the positive response to \" Are you still troubled by symptoms?\" The majority reported a decline in global health, mobility, and participation in daily activities. Common changes in function included fatigue, breathlessness upon climbing stairs and when dressing, decline in participation in usual activities, anxiety, pain/discomfort, and reduced concentration. Having COVID-19 ≥ 1 yr prior was associated with change in perceived global health (odds ratio = 1.5). Being infected ≥12 mos prior (odds ratio = 1.5), hospitalized for COVID-19 (odds ratio = 2.2-2.4), ≥1 chronic comorbid conditions (odds ratio = 1.6), and obesity (odds ratio = 1.6) were associated with functional decline. Many of those infected with COVID-19 experience long-lasting symptoms impacting daily functioning. Multidisciplinary medical and rehabilitation services are needed to help improve recovery and maximize functioning.</p>","PeriodicalId":7850,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":"576-580"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142920401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Unilateral Transfemoral Amputation on Lumbar Bone and Muscle Quality.","authors":"Hannah A Levy, Marisa N Ulrich, Caden Messer, Andrew Pumford, Brian Kelley, Peter S Rose, Bradford Currier, Ahmad N Nassr, Brett A Freedman, Melvin Helgeson, Matthew Houdek, Fantley Smither, Brian A Karamian, Arjun S Sebastian","doi":"10.1097/PHM.0000000000002667","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PHM.0000000000002667","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of the study was to examine the long-term perioperative changes in lumbar bone density, muscle size and fatty atrophy, and facet degeneration after transfemoral amputation.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>All patients who underwent transfemoral amputation at an academic center between 2002-2022 were retrospectively identified. Patients were required to have preoperative and postoperative computed tomography (>1 yr) and regularly utilize a prosthesis. Preoperative to postoperative changes in lumbar and muscular vertebral Hounsfield units, facet degeneration, and bilateral psoas, quadratus lumborum, multifidus, and erector spinae cross-sectional area were determined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 42 patients met the inclusion criteria. There were significant preoperative to postoperative decreases in Hounsfield units in the L1 and L3 vertebral bodies were -17.69 and -25.35, respectively. There were significant preoperative to postoperative increases in L4-5 and L5-S1 facet degeneration grade. There were significant preoperative to postoperative decreases in amputated side psoas Hounsfield unit and cross-sectional area. There were also significant preoperative to postoperative Hounsfield unit decreases in the bilateral multifidus and erector spinae muscles, where the changes were more pronounced on the contralateral side.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Transfemoral amputation was associated with progression of lumbar facet degeneration, small scale decreases in lumbar bone quality, amputated side psoas atrophy, and bilateral fatty infiltration of the multifidus and erector spinae.</p>","PeriodicalId":7850,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":"544-550"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142789543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound-Guided Suprascapular Nerve Injection Technique.","authors":"Chaitanya Konda, Travis Cleland, Renee Enriquez, Mahmood Gharib, Donald Kasitinon, Stephen Schaaf, Amos Song, Reed Williams, Levent Özçakar, Nitin B Jain","doi":"10.1097/PHM.0000000000002635","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PHM.0000000000002635","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7850,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation","volume":"104 6","pages":"e82"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144148921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bihemispheric Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Over Primary Motor Cortex Potentiates Improvement of Neurological but not Upper Limb Motor Functions in Ischemic Stroke Patients Treated With Routine Physical Therapy: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Sham-Controlled Trial.","authors":"Niloufar Balikshahi, Sara Ramezani, Babak Bakhshayesh Eghbali, Mozaffar Hosseininezhad, Kamran Ezzati, Amirhomayoun Atefi, Mohammad Ali Yazdanipour, Sina Sedaghat Herfeh, Mohammad Shabani Chobe, Masoud Shabani Chobe","doi":"10.1097/PHM.0000000000002669","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PHM.0000000000002669","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We investigated the therapeutic effect of transcranial direct current stimulation combined with routine physiotherapy on the neurological and upper limb motor function in ischemic stroke patients with hemiplegia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a randomized double-blind controlled trial study, 52 eligible stroke patients were assigned to real transcranial direct current stimulation receiving bihemispheric electrical current with 1.5 mA for 30 mins over the primary motor cortex, and sham transcranial direct current stimulation with a current intensity of 0.5 mA for 30 secs. Both groups received routine physiotherapy, 5 sessions per week for 2 wks. The National Institute of Health Stroke Scale and the Medical Research Council Scale for Muscle Strength were used to assess the neurological and upper limb motor functions, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both therapeutic approaches begot a significant improvement in upper limb motor function and neurological impairment at the last session of therapy and follow-up study. However, the treatment-induced neurological amelioration at the last session of therapy in real transcranial direct current stimulation was significantly more than sham, especially in those identified as female and under 60 yrs old.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A gender and age-specific protocol of real transcranial direct current stimulation combined with routine physiotherapy might be beneficial to improve neurological impairment but not upper limb motor dysfunction after stroke.</p>","PeriodicalId":7850,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":"551-557"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142789504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Residents' Experiences and Perspectives on Teaching Medical Students: A National Survey.","authors":"Eric W Villanueva, Leslie Rydberg","doi":"10.1097/PHM.0000000000002645","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PHM.0000000000002645","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Resident teaching of medical students is integral to medical education; however, there are few studies surveying residents, especially US physical medicine and rehabilitation (PM&R) residents, about their perspectives on teaching medical students. This descriptive survey study consisted of a 23-item cross sectional survey to elicit the current state of medical student teaching by PM&R residents and formal education for PM&R residents on teaching medical students. During an 8-wk period, 103 PM&R residents completed a web-based survey, which was distributed to residents via emails to PM&R residency program directors and coordinators. Ninety-seven (94.1%) respondents reported teaching medical students. A majority of these respondents (81.4%) reported favoring formalized education on medical student teaching; however, little more than half (51.5%) reported having that education. Majorities of residents with and without formal education on teaching medical students reported employing multiple teaching techniques to teach students in the clinical and nonclinical environments. The most commonly reported barrier to teaching students was time. While limited by study design and sample size, this study suggests that the availability of formalized education for PM&R residents on medical student teaching may not meet the needs or desires of residents.</p>","PeriodicalId":7850,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":"e94-e97"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142493145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subacute Girdle-Band Pain in a Chronic Tetraplegic Patient With Syringomyelia Following Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury.","authors":"Ryan Shields, Vaishnavi Muqeet","doi":"10.1097/PHM.0000000000002642","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PHM.0000000000002642","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7850,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":"e92-e93"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142339528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Exercise on Pain and Disability After Lumbar Disc Herniation Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.","authors":"HyungSub Jin, JangWon Kwon, Jeongmin Lee, Dong-Jun Lee, Dong Hoon Lee, Justin Y Jeon","doi":"10.1097/PHM.0000000000002658","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PHM.0000000000002658","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of postoperative exercise on pain, disability, and quality of life after lumbar disc herniation surgery.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>We systematically searched the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and PEDro databases up to May 2024. Two reviewers independently selected and assessed relevant randomized controlled trials investigating the effectiveness of postoperative exercise after the surgical treatment of patients diagnosed with lumbar disc herniation on low back pain, disability, and quality of life assessed using visual analog scale, Oswestry Disability Index, and 36-item Short-Form Health Survey.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with the control group, the exercise intervention group had significantly lower visual analog scale scores both in the short-term (effect: 95% confidence interval = -1.14 [-1.69, -0.58], I 2 = 91.4%, n = 9 studies) and long-term follow-up (effect: 95% confidence interval = -0.99 [-1.89, -0.08], I 2 = 58.9%, n = 4 studies). The exercise intervention group also showed a significant reduction in Oswestry Disability Index in the short-term follow-up (effect: 95% confidence interval = -5.00 [-7.72, -2.29], I 2 = 79.3, n = 7 studies), but not in the long-term follow-up (effect: 95% confidence interval = -0.80 [-3.97, 2.38], I 2 = 0.0%, n = 4 studies). Among the Short-Form Health Survey factors, physical function, pain, general health, energy and vitality, and social function significantly improved in the exercise intervention group compared with the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Exercise after lumbar disc herniation surgery was effective in reducing pain and disability and improving quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":7850,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":"511-518"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142942830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound Assessment of Muscle and Fascia Properties and the Effects of Spasticity and Botulinum Toxin Injections on Spastic Muscles in Chronic Stroke Survivors.","authors":"Elaine M Magat, Kelly Horstmann, Gerard E Francisco, Sheng Li","doi":"10.1097/PHM.0000000000002660","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PHM.0000000000002660","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of the study was to objectively quantify changes in muscle properties in chronic stroke survivors and the effects of spasticity and botulinum toxin injections on muscle properties using ultrasonography.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>In this cross-sectional observational study, 24 stroke subjects with history of botulinum toxin injections to biceps brachii muscles but without botulinum toxin injections to the triceps were included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twelve subjects had spastic triceps, and the other half did not. Twenty subjects had spasticity in wrist flexors, and 11 subjects received botulinum toxin injections to the flexor carpii ulnaris. On average, a significant decrease in muscle thickness (16.5% loss in triceps), a thicker fascia with higher echo intensity was noted on muscles in the paretic limb. Percent muscle loss was significantly less (11.0%) in spastic triceps than in nonspastic triceps (22.1%). There was no statistically significant difference in muscle and fascia properties in spastic flexor carpii ulnaris with and without botulinum toxin injection. Spasticity did not correlate significantly with muscle loss, fascia thickness, or echo intensity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results provided evidence that muscles on the spastic-paretic side had less muscle mass, thicker fascia, and greater echo intensity. Our results showed that spasticity helped maintain muscle mass but failed to reveal additional muscle loss after botulinum toxin injection.</p>","PeriodicalId":7850,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":"527-533"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142942851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations Between Partial Common Extensor Tendon Tears and Clinical-Ultrasonographic Findings in Patients With Lateral Epicondylitis.","authors":"Kadir Songur, Nihan Erdinc Gunduz, Hulya Ellidokuz, Selmin Gulbahar, Banu Dilek","doi":"10.1097/PHM.0000000000002655","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PHM.0000000000002655","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study investigates the effect of partial common extensor tendon tears on demographic, clinical and ultrasound parameters in patients with lateral epicondylitis. The research aimed to provide a comprehensive understanding of how these ultrasound-detected partial tears influence the clinical presentation and imaging findings associated with lateral epicondylitis.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This is a retrospective cross-sectional study. Records of 227 patients with lateral epicondylitis met the inclusion-exclusion criteria were reviewed. The patient-rated tennis elbow evaluation questionnaire was used as the primary outcome measure. Secondary outcome measures were visual analog scale for pain, algometric measurements, hand grip strength, and ultrasound parameters (maximum tendon thickness measurements from the capitellar-radiocapitellar sides and presence of bone abnormalities).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Partial common extensor tendon tears detected using ultrasound were present in 22.7% ( n = 54) of the patients. Patients with partial common extensor tendon tears were older (50,31 ± 9,22), had higher patient-rated tennis elbow evaluation scores (65,48 ± 12,76), capitellar-radiocapitellar maximum tendon thickness measurements (0,60 ± 0,80/0,60 ± 0,72), and incidence of bone abnormalities (40.7%, n = 32) ( P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis identified age and patient-rated tennis elbow evaluation pain score as associative factors with partial common extensor tendon tears. Capitellar-radiocapitellar maximum tendon thickness measurements greater than 0.55 cm were associated with an increased probability of partial common extensor tendon tears.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Ultrasound-detected partial common extensor tendon tears may worsen the clinical and ultrasound parameters in patients with lateral epicondylitis. Older age, higher patient-rated tennis elbow evaluation scores, and higher maximum tendon thickness measurements were associated with partial common extensor tendon tears.</p>","PeriodicalId":7850,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":"501-505"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142942828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Graded Motor Imagery on Pain and Function in Individuals With Knee Osteoarthritis: A Comparative Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Zeynep Yıldız Kızkın, Semra Oğuz, Semih Ak","doi":"10.1097/PHM.0000000000002663","DOIUrl":"10.1097/PHM.0000000000002663","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Design: </strong>Forty-six patients with knee osteoarthritis were randomized (1:1) into the graded motor imagery and the transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation groups. Both groups participated in home-based and functional exercises. A visual analog scale, the pressure pain threshold, range of motion, muscle strength, the Timed Up and Go Test, and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index were evaluated at baseline, after 8 wks of treatment, and after a 6-wk follow-up period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The within-group comparisons showed significant improvements in outcomes for both treatments. However, the difference between the groups was significant in favor of the graded motor imagery group in knee flexion range of motion, knee extensor muscle strength, and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index-pain and function parameters at the end of the treatment, and visual analog scale-activity, knee flexor muscle strength, and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index-stiffness values showed greater improvement in the graded motor imagery group compared with the transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation group at the end of the 6-wk follow-up (for all, P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Graded motor imagery seems to be a more effective adjuvant than transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation. If applied in patients with knee osteoarthritis, pain and functional recovery improved, and results were maintained for up to 6 wks.</p>","PeriodicalId":7850,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":"534-543"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142789474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}