Anatomy & Cell Biology最新文献_第3页

Histogenesis of the human fetal liver: evaluation of hematopoietic to hepatocytic lineage transition markers across gestation. 人胎儿肝脏的组织发生：妊娠期间造血到肝细胞谱系过渡标记的评估。

IF 1.1

Anatomy & Cell Biology Pub Date : 2026-09-16 DOI: 10.5115/acb.26.136

Jwaalyn Shifani Morgan, Gugapriya T S

{"title":"Histogenesis of the human fetal liver: evaluation of hematopoietic to hepatocytic lineage transition markers across gestation.","authors":"Jwaalyn Shifani Morgan, Gugapriya T S","doi":"10.5115/acb.26.136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5115/acb.26.136","url":null,"abstract":"The human fetal liver undergoes sequential structural and functional maturation during gestation, serving initially as the primary hematopoietic organ before transitioning to a metabolically active gland. However, limited studies have correlated histological development with lineage-specific immunohistochemical markers to determine the period of shift in hematopoietic to hepatocytic functionality. Thirty human fetal livers from gestation 12 to 36 weeks, collected at AIIMS Nagpur between March 2024 and December 2025, were studied using a cross-sectional analytical design. Hematopoietic and hepatocytic lineage immunomarkers such as CD34, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM), and cytokeratin 19 (CK19) were analyzed descriptively and inferentially to determine the timing of lineage shift. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were done to determine the significance of the study findings. Progressive maturation of hepatic architecture with advancing gestational age showed statistical significance (P<0.001). Special staining confirmed structural and functional maturity with advancing gestational age. Prominent hematopoietic clusters observed in early gestation showed significant decline toward the third trimester. CD34 expression demonstrated a strong negative correlation with gestational age (r=-0.8337, P<0.001), whereas CK19 showed a moderately positive correlation (r=0.4326, P=0.017). EpCAM expression peaked during the second trimester and declined thereafter (r=-0.3834, P=0.0365). AFP expression remained consistently strong across all gestational ages. The human fetal liver demonstrates coordinated histological and immunophenotypic maturation, with a critical transition from hematopoietic to hepatobiliary predominance occurring between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation. These findings provide valuable insights into fetal liver histogenesis and may support future applications in regenerative medicine and stem cell research.","PeriodicalId":7831,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy & Cell Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148975469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Direct left gastroepiploic-renal vein communication: a novel variant of congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunt. 直接左胃大网膜-肾静脉通讯：一种新的先天性肝外门系统分流。

IF 1.1

Anatomy & Cell Biology Pub Date : 2026-09-16 DOI: 10.5115/acb.26.155

John McAteer, Olivia Kaminski, Justin Robert Siebert

引用次数: 0

Distinct fascicular and epineurial architecture of the obturator nerve: a comparative analysis with clinical and surgical relevance. 闭孔神经独特的神经束和神经外结构：与临床和外科相关性的比较分析。

IF 1.1

Anatomy & Cell Biology Pub Date : 2026-09-16 DOI: 10.5115/acb.26.209

Seiichi Inoue, Mi-Sun Hur, Yoko Tabira, Norio Kitagawa, Aysun Uz, R Shane Tubbs, Joe Iwanaga

{"title":"Distinct fascicular and epineurial architecture of the obturator nerve: a comparative analysis with clinical and surgical relevance.","authors":"Seiichi Inoue, Mi-Sun Hur, Yoko Tabira, Norio Kitagawa, Aysun Uz, R Shane Tubbs, Joe Iwanaga","doi":"10.5115/acb.26.209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5115/acb.26.209","url":null,"abstract":"Peripheral nerves of the lumbar plexus share a common origin but exhibit distinct anatomical and clinical features. Although the gross anatomy of these nerves has been described, differences in cross-sectional structure remain unclear. This study compared the histological architecture of the obturator nerve (ON) with that of the femoral nerve (FN) and lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN). Eighteen nerves (ON, FN, and LFCN) from six cadavers were examined using Masson's trichrome-stained cross-sections. Morphometric analysis included the short-to-long axis ratio and fascicular area ratio. Epineurium conspicuity was assessed using a semi-quantitative 3-point scale by three blinded observers. Inter-observer agreement was evaluated using weighted kappa statistics. Non-parametric tests were used for comparisons. The ON had a significantly higher short-to-long axis ratio (0.590±0.10) than the FN (0.393±0.08) and LFCN (0.359±0.09) (P=0.031). The fascicular area ratio was also greater in the ON (0.470±0.09) than in the FN (0.262±0.09) and LFCN (0.226±0.07) (P=0.031). Epineurium scores were higher in the ON (median 2, IQR 2-2) than in the FN and LFCN (median 1, IQR 0-1) (P<0.05), with substantial inter-observer agreement (κ=0.71). The ON exhibits a distinct fascicular tissue-rich architecture with a consistently well-developed epineurium, which may contribute to its characteristic macroscopic appearance and aid anatomical identification.","PeriodicalId":7831,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy & Cell Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148975530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Moringa leaf mitigates 4G cell phone radiation-induced alterations in testicular histomorphometry and spermatogenesis during sexual maturation in Wistar rats. 辣木叶减轻4G手机辐射对Wistar大鼠性成熟期间睾丸组织形态和精子发生的影响。

IF 1.1

Anatomy & Cell Biology Pub Date : 2026-09-04 DOI: 10.5115/acb.25.162

Sudha Ramalingam, Deepa Somanath

{"title":"Moringa leaf mitigates 4G cell phone radiation-induced alterations in testicular histomorphometry and spermatogenesis during sexual maturation in Wistar rats.","authors":"Sudha Ramalingam, Deepa Somanath","doi":"10.5115/acb.25.162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5115/acb.25.162","url":null,"abstract":"The use of android phones is alarmingly increasing among the late juvenile and adolescent population. The infertility results from the detrimental effects of cell phone electromagnetic radiation (EMR) on spermatogenesis. This study aims to evaluate the protective effect of ethanolic extract of Moringa oleifera leaves (MOL) in Wistar rat's testis against EMR from a 4G cell phone. Five sets of four-week-old male Wistar rats were created. Control group (n=3) with no cell phone; Sham group (n=3) with cell phone in switched-off mode; MOL-1 group (n=6) received 200 mg of ethanol extract of MOL per kg body weight per month. R1 group (n=6) exposed to 4G cell phone EMR for 96 minutes/day/one month; R1+MOL group (n=6) treated with MOL extract while exposed to EMR for one month. After the trial period, the rats were anesthetized and the testes were procured via trans-abdominal incision. The testes underwent routine histological processes for H&E staining. Histomorphometric analysis; quantitative evaluation of germ cells, Leydig cells, and seminiferous tubules; luminal and basal sperm head retention; Johnsen's biopsy score was done using H&E-stained slides. The Leydig cell count, the height of germinal epithelium, and the number of germ cells were significantly decreased in the R1 group (P<0.04). However, those variables were shielded from the EMR by MOL extract in the R1+MOL group (P<0.04). The ethanolic extract of MOL could safeguard the testis against the 4G cell phone EMR in young Wistar rats.","PeriodicalId":7831,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy & Cell Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148886055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lymph node development in human fetuses with special reference to the initial lymphocyte aggregation and intranodal sinuses. 人类胎儿的淋巴结发育，特别涉及初始淋巴细胞聚集和结内窦。

IF 1.1

Anatomy & Cell Biology Pub Date : 2026-09-04 DOI: 10.5115/acb.26.165

Zhan Su, Ji Hyun Kim, Ryoko Nakano, Kenta Abe, Kei Kitamura, Gen Murakami, Shin-Ichi Abe

{"title":"Lymph node development in human fetuses with special reference to the initial lymphocyte aggregation and intranodal sinuses.","authors":"Zhan Su, Ji Hyun Kim, Ryoko Nakano, Kenta Abe, Kei Kitamura, Gen Murakami, Shin-Ichi Abe","doi":"10.5115/acb.26.165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5115/acb.26.165","url":null,"abstract":"A mouse lymph node develops inside of five lymph sacs in the trunk. However, there are uninvestigated, numerous peripheral nodes. We chose histological sections from 38 human fetuses at approximately 8-31 weeks of gestational age (36 to 260 mm of crown-rump length). Three sites of the extremity and seven sites of the trunk were examined. Lymphocyte aggregations developed within the jugular, para-aortic and iliac lymph sacs by 10 weeks. The aggregation lost lymph endothelia at the lumen side and, in the external side, it was attached to the surrounding mesenchymal tissue. Shortly thereafter, in place of the sac endothelia, abundant lymph vessels (LVs) surrounded the aggregation. In the posterior intercostal space, two to seven LVs fused to build a small sac-like structure and, within it, a lymphocyte aggregation developed by 12 weeks and maintained a contact to the surrounding mesenchymal tissue. The same manner was seen in the inguinal, popliteal and cubital regions. In the jejunal mesentery, LVs drastically increased in thickness at 9-11 weeks and, shortly thereafter, they fused to build a very long sac-like structure. However, in the pulmonary hilum at 9-10 weeks, LVs did not fuse together but simply thickened. Thus, keeping a wide mesenchymal connection, a lymphocyte aggregation protruded into a single LV. Being independent of the lymph sac, lymphocytes aggregated in the mesenchymal tissue adjacent to peripheral LVs, followed by its protrusion into a sac-like structure that was usually built by fusion of multiple LVs or a thickened LV.","PeriodicalId":7831,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy & Cell Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148886050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Anatomical variants of circumaortic left renal vein. 左肾主动脉周围静脉的解剖变异。

IF 1.1

Anatomy & Cell Biology Pub Date : 2026-09-04 DOI: 10.5115/acb.26.181

George Triantafyllou, Daniel Gondorf, Nikolaos-Achilleas Arkoudis, Georgios Velonakis, Vasileios Papadopoulos, Nikolaos Lazaridis, Kostis Gyftopoulos, Maria Piagkou

{"title":"Anatomical variants of circumaortic left renal vein.","authors":"George Triantafyllou, Daniel Gondorf, Nikolaos-Achilleas Arkoudis, Georgios Velonakis, Vasileios Papadopoulos, Nikolaos Lazaridis, Kostis Gyftopoulos, Maria Piagkou","doi":"10.5115/acb.26.181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5115/acb.26.181","url":null,"abstract":"The circumaortic left renal vein (CLRV) is a critical retroperitoneal vascular variant. Current classification systems frequently omit possible morphologies. This study aims to delineate intricate CLRV patterns and propose a preliminary classification framework. Contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomography (CT) scans of 380 adult patients (199 males and 181 females, with a mean age of 63.8±15.1 years) were retrospectively evaluated using multiplanar and three-dimensional volume-rendered reconstructions. CLRV variants were categorized into four groups: Type A (bifurcation), Type B (independent double veins), Type C (single interconnection close to the hilum), and Type D (double interconnection). Seventeen CLRV cases were identified, demonstrating a prevalence of 4.5% (10 females, 7 males). Type A was observed in 8 cases (2.1%), Type B in 2 cases (0.5%), Type C in 6 cases (1.6%), and Type D in 1 case (0.3%). The unique Type D configuration featured a double anastomosis with a renal artery passing between the interconnections. A statistically significant association was found between the morphological type and vertebral span (P=0.002), where interconnected variants (Types C and D) exhibited a significantly narrower span (0.9±0.1 vertebrae) than non-interconnected types (1.8±0.8 vertebrae); however, this finding must be interpreted cautiously due to the small subgroup sizes. This novel classification system successfully bridges a literature gap by accounting for complex configurations, offering an exploratory anatomical map to enhance safety during retroperitoneal surgeries and renal transplantations.","PeriodicalId":7831,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy & Cell Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148886062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Adipose tissues in human fetuses with special reference to the associated fascial development. 人胎儿脂肪组织与相关筋膜发育的特殊关系。

IF 1.1

Anatomy & Cell Biology Pub Date : 2026-08-28 DOI: 10.5115/acb.26.030

Sota Nishisako, Ji Hyun Kim, Zhe-Wu Jin, Kenta Abe, Kazuma Morita, Gen Murakami, Shin-Ichi Abe

{"title":"Adipose tissues in human fetuses with special reference to the associated fascial development.","authors":"Sota Nishisako, Ji Hyun Kim, Zhe-Wu Jin, Kenta Abe, Kazuma Morita, Gen Murakami, Shin-Ichi Abe","doi":"10.5115/acb.26.030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5115/acb.26.030","url":null,"abstract":"The differentiation of adipocytes and their structured cluster (=lobule) had been classified into stages 1-5. However, there was no information as to whether 1) large lobules are composed of matured adipocytes or not; 2) a stage-dependent organization occurs within a lobule or not; and 3) all lobules at an area develop synchronously or lobules at different stages are mixed. We examined histological sections of 18 sites in the body from 38 human fetuses at approximately 21-40 weeks of gestation. All adipose tissue lobules developed synchronously in the foot dorsum, face, perianal area, retrobulbar area of the orbit, deep neck space, intervertebral canal, mesentery, and perirenal area. However, lobules at different stages were mixed in the anterior abdominal wall, axilla, hand palm and foot sole. Irrespective of whether the lobule comprised of undifferentiated or matured adipocytes, the palm and sole usually contained \"heterogeneous lobules\" larger than uniform lobules in the dorsum. In the retrobulbar area and colic mesentery, larger adipocytes made a core of the lobule and smaller cells surrounded it. Conversely, the intervertebral canal contained lobules with an unmatured adipocyte-made core. A candidate brown fat, comprising of highly eosinophilic small adipocytes, was found in the axilla and deep neck. Topohistology of adipocytes within a lobule as well as the correlation of lobule size with adipocyte differentiation was different between sites. Fascial compartments completed prior to the adipocyte differentiation in extremities, whereas they enlarged depending on the lobule growth at the other sites. The adipose tissue development showed a region-specific manner.","PeriodicalId":7831,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy & Cell Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148839205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dexamethasone pretreatment attenuates hypobaric hypoxia-induced histomorphological alterations in the rat retina and primary visual cortex. 地塞米松预处理可减弱低氧诱导的大鼠视网膜和初级视觉皮层的组织形态学改变。

IF 1.1

Anatomy & Cell Biology Pub Date : 2026-08-14 DOI: 10.5115/acb.26.107

Ruzanna A Shushanyan, Anna V Grigoryan, Tamara A Abgaryan, Anna F Karapetyan

{"title":"Dexamethasone pretreatment attenuates hypobaric hypoxia-induced histomorphological alterations in the rat retina and primary visual cortex.","authors":"Ruzanna A Shushanyan, Anna V Grigoryan, Tamara A Abgaryan, Anna F Karapetyan","doi":"10.5115/acb.26.107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5115/acb.26.107","url":null,"abstract":"Exposure to acute hypoxic environments is associated with several ocular disorders, including high-altitude retinopathy (HAR), optic disc edema, retinal hemorrhage, and temporary vision loss. These alterations arise primarily from hypobaric hypoxia and impaired vascular autoregulation. HAR, in particular, is a key indicator of neurovascular dysfunction during systemic hypoxia, affecting retinal ganglion cells-the main output neurons of the retina-as well as the visual cortex, both of which are highly vulnerable to oxygen deprivation. In this study, we investigated the potential protective role of dexamethasone pretreatment against acute intermittent hypobaric hypoxia-induced cellular damage in the retina and primary visual cortex using a rat model of simulated high-altitude exposure. Hypoxic injury was induced in a hypobaric chamber (FiO2=16.6%, pO2=61 mmHg) for 6 hours during 3 consecutive days. Animals in the pretreated group received intraperitoneal injections of dexamethasone (1 mg/kg) once daily for three consecutive days before each hypoxic exposure session. Following hypoxia, untreated rats exhibited significant elevation in retinal layer thickness, increased numbers of choroidal mast cells along with degranulation in the connective tissue around the eyeball, pronounced Müller cell swelling, and neurodegenerative changes in the visual cortex. In contrast, dexamethasone-pretreated animals showed preserved retinal layer cytoarchitecture, reduced choroidal mast cell number, and decreased neuronal loss in the visual cortex. Overall, these findings demonstrate that dexamethasone pretreatment effectively preserves the structural integrity of both the retina and the visual cortex under acute hypoxic conditions.","PeriodicalId":7831,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy & Cell Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148757156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Anatomical variations in internal jugular vein splitting patterns: a theoretical framework for a classification system. 内颈内静脉分裂模式的解剖变异：分类系统的理论框架。

IF 1.1

Anatomy & Cell Biology Pub Date : 2026-08-12 DOI: 10.5115/acb.25.387

Sandeep Silawal, Chantal Degen, Jakob Rossmann, Michal Gracz, Saroj Chudal, Gundula Schulze-Tanzil

{"title":"Anatomical variations in internal jugular vein splitting patterns: a theoretical framework for a classification system.","authors":"Sandeep Silawal, Chantal Degen, Jakob Rossmann, Michal Gracz, Saroj Chudal, Gundula Schulze-Tanzil","doi":"10.5115/acb.25.387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5115/acb.25.387","url":null,"abstract":"The internal jugular vein (IJV) is in the fibrous carotid sheath, together with the common carotid artery and the vagus nerve. Various splitting patterns, such as fenestration, bifurcation or duplication of this vein are typically incidental surgical or radiological findings. Even though there are some approaches to define such patterns in medical literature, the terminologies are still used interchangeably by authors. Three different landmarks; the posterior belly of the digastric muscle, the hyoid bone and the intermediate tendon of the omohyoid muscle are applied to divide the IJV into four levels. The proposed classification uses these levels to define the IJV splits located in a single level as a fenestration, across two consecutive levels as a bifurcation, three as a partial duplication and all four as a total duplication. In addition, multiple venous splits in a single IJV can be possible which can align in parallel or at different levels. This new classification also considers the definition of rare but possible cases of such variations. This theoretical framework seeks to redefine the terminology in medical literature, to not only promote uniformity but also to enhance anatomical understanding and precision.","PeriodicalId":7831,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy & Cell Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148710994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Site- and size-dependent differences in pulmonary lymphocyte aggregates: an immunohistochemical and morphometric study. 肺淋巴细胞聚集的部位和大小依赖性差异：免疫组织化学和形态计量学研究。

IF 1.1

Anatomy & Cell Biology Pub Date : 2026-08-12 DOI: 10.5115/acb.26.173

Masaya Aoki, Zhe-Wu Jin, Go Kamimura, Gen Murakami, Kazuhiro Ueda

{"title":"Site- and size-dependent differences in pulmonary lymphocyte aggregates: an immunohistochemical and morphometric study.","authors":"Masaya Aoki, Zhe-Wu Jin, Go Kamimura, Gen Murakami, Kazuhiro Ueda","doi":"10.5115/acb.26.173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5115/acb.26.173","url":null,"abstract":"Pulmonary lymphoid aggregates are increasingly recognized as components of local immune responses in chronic lung diseases and infections. However, whether T- or B-lymphocytes predominate in non-tumorous peripheral pulmonary aggregates remains unclear. We aimed to identify site- and size-dependent patterns of lymphocyte composition. We examined 20 surgically obtained peripheral lung tissues located >50 mm from primary lung cancers in 20 patients. Immunoreactive cells, stromal cells, and lymph sinus-related structures were immunohistochemically analyzed. CD4-positive T-lymphocytes and CD20-positive B-lymphocytes were quantified in each aggregate and compared with aggregate size. We identified 138 lymphocyte aggregates, including spherical or nodular forms: 86 arteriole-associated, 28 subpleural, and 24 bronchiole-associated. Arteriole-associated aggregates were usually small (<100 μm) and located along arterioles 40-60 μm in diameter in the interalveolar septum, whereas subpleural aggregates measured 100-200 μm. The ratio of CD4-positive T-lymphocytes to CD20-positive B-lymphocytes (T/B ratio) ranged from 3.0-129.2 in arteriole-associated aggregates, 0.3-19.8 in subpleural aggregates, and 0.2-32.1 in bronchiole-associated aggregates. In 38 small arteriole-associated aggregates (<20,000 μm²), aggregate area weakly correlated with the T/B ratio (Spearman's ρ=0.328, P=0.044). Podoplanin-positive stromal cells were frequently observed, whereas dendritic cell-specific ICAM-3-grabbing nonintegrin-positive cells were few or absent. Pulmonary lymphoid aggregates may develop through site-dependent stages of organization, from small CD4-positive T-lymphocyte-rich aggregates to larger nodular structures containing follicle-like B-cell clusters.","PeriodicalId":7831,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy & Cell Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148711064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0