Amino Acids最新文献

{"title":"Plasma d-asparagine and the d/l-serine ratio reflect chronic kidney diseases in children regardless of physique","authors":"Toshimasa Morishita,&nbsp;Naoto Nishizaki,&nbsp;Sakiko Taniguchi,&nbsp;Shinsuke Sakai,&nbsp;Tomonori Kimura,&nbsp;Masashi Mita,&nbsp;Mayu Nakagawa,&nbsp;Amane Endo,&nbsp;Yoshiyuki Ohtomo,&nbsp;Masato Yasui,&nbsp;Toshiaki Shimizu,&nbsp;Jumpei Sasabe","doi":"10.1007/s00726-024-03400-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00726-024-03400-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Biomarkers that accurately reflect renal function are essential in management of chronic kidney diseases (CKD). However, in children, age/physique and medication often alter established renal biomarkers. We studied whether amino acid enantiomers in body fluids correlate with renal function and whether they are influenced by physique or steroid medication during development. We conducted a prospective study of children 2 to 18 years old with and without CKD. We analyzed associations of serine/asparagine enantiomers in body fluids with major biochemical parameters as well as physique. To study consequences of kidney dysfunction and steroids on serine/asparagine enantiomers, we generated juvenile mice with uninephrectomy, ischemic reperfusion injury, or dexamethasone treatment. We obtained samples from 27 children, of which 12 had CKD due to congenital (<i>n</i> = 7) and perinatal (<i>n</i> = 5) causes. Plasma <span>d-</span>asparagine and the <span>d/l-</span>serine ratio had robust, positive linear associations with serum creatinine and cystatin C, and detected CKD with high sensitivity and specificity, uninfluenced by body size or biochemical parameters. In the animal study, kidney dysfunction increased plasma <span>d-</span>asparagine and the <span>d/l-</span>serine ratio, but dexamethasone treatment did not. Thus, plasma <span>d-</span>asparagine and the <span>d/l-</span>serine ratio can be useful markers for renal function in children.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7810,"journal":{"name":"Amino Acids","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11156734/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141282784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic peptides for coronary artery diseases: in silico methods and current perspectives","authors":"Ayca Aslan,&nbsp;Selcen Ari Yuka","doi":"10.1007/s00726-024-03397-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00726-024-03397-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Many drug formulations containing small active molecules are used for the treatment of coronary artery disease, which affects a significant part of the world’s population. However, the inadequate profile of these molecules in terms of therapeutic efficacy has led to the therapeutic use of protein and peptide-based biomolecules with superior properties, such as target-specific affinity and low immunogenicity, in critical diseases. Protein‒protein interactions, as a consequence of advances in molecular techniques with strategies involving the combined use of in silico methods, have enabled the design of therapeutic peptides to reach an advanced dimension. In particular, with the advantages provided by protein/peptide structural modeling, molecular docking for the study of their interactions, molecular dynamics simulations for their interactions under physiological conditions and machine learning techniques that can work in combination with all these, significant progress has been made in approaches to developing therapeutic peptides that can modulate the development and progression of coronary artery diseases. In this scope, this review discusses in silico methods for the development of peptide therapeutics for the treatment of coronary artery disease and strategies for identifying the molecular mechanisms that can be modulated by these designs and provides a comprehensive perspective for future studies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7810,"journal":{"name":"Amino Acids","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11143054/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141183675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dissecting hair breakage in alopecia areata: the central role of dysregulated cysteine homeostasis","authors":"Wen Xu,&nbsp;Bo Xie,&nbsp;Dongfan Wei,&nbsp;Xiuzu Song","doi":"10.1007/s00726-024-03395-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00726-024-03395-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the initial stages of Alopecia Areata (AA), the predominance of hair breakage or exclamation mark hairs serves as vital indicators of disease activity. These signs are non-invasive and are commonly employed in dermatoscopic examinations. Despite their clinical salience, the underlying etiology precipitating this hair breakage remains largely uncharted territory. Our exhaustive review of the existing literature points to a pivotal role for cysteine—a key amino acid central to hair growth—in these mechanisms. This review will probe and deliberate upon the implications of aberrant cysteine metabolism in the pathogenesis of AA. It will examine the potential intersections of cysteine metabolism with autophagy, ferroptosis, immunity, and psychiatric manifestations associated with AA. Such exploration could illuminate new facets of the disease's pathophysiology, potentially paving the way for innovative therapeutic strategies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7810,"journal":{"name":"Amino Acids","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11108903/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141074595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The use of peptides for immunodiagnosis of human Chagas disease","authors":"Anna Julia Ribeiro,&nbsp;Kamila Alves Silva,&nbsp;Lucas da Silva Lopes,&nbsp;Carlos Ananias Aparecido Resende,&nbsp;Carolina Alves Petit Couto,&nbsp;Isadora Braga Gandra,&nbsp;Isabela Amorim Gonçalves Pereira,&nbsp;Isabelle Caroline Dos Santos Barcelos,&nbsp;Sabrina Paula Pereira,&nbsp;Sandra Rodrigues Xavier,&nbsp;Grasiele de Sousa Viera Tavares,&nbsp;Juliana Martins Machado,&nbsp;Mariana Campos Da Paz,&nbsp;Miguel Angel Chávez-Fumagalli,&nbsp;Eduardo Antonio Ferraz Coelho,&nbsp;Rodolfo Cordeiro Giunchetti,&nbsp;Ana Thereza Chaves,&nbsp;Walderez Ornelas Dutra,&nbsp;Ana Alice Maia Gonçalves,&nbsp;Alexsandro Sobreira Galdino","doi":"10.1007/s00726-024-03394-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00726-024-03394-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Chagas disease, caused by the protozoa <i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i>, continues to be a serious public health problem in Latin America, worsened by the limitations in its detection. Given the importance of developing new diagnostic methods for this disease, the present review aimed to verify the number of publications dedicated to research on peptides that demonstrate their usefulness in serodiagnosis. To this end, a bibliographic survey was conducted on the PubMed platform using the keyword “peptide” or “epitope” combined with “Chagas disease” or “<i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i>”; “diagno*” or “serodiagnosis” or “immunodiagnosis”, without period restriction. An increasing number of publications on studies employing peptides in ELISA and rapid tests assays was verified, which confirms the expansion of research in this field. It is possible to observe that many of the peptides tested so far originate from proteins widely used in the diagnosis of Chagas, and many of them are part of commercial tests developed. In this sense, as expected, promising results were obtained for several peptides when tested in ELISA, as many of them exhibited sensitivity and specificity values above 90%. Furthermore, some peptides have been tested in several studies, confirming their diagnostic potential. Despite the promising results observed, it is possible to emphasize the need for extensive testing of peptides, using different serological panels, in order to confirm their potential. The importance of producing an effective assay capable of detecting the clinical stages of the disease, as well as new immunogenic antigens that enable new serological diagnostic tools for Chagas disease, is evident.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7810,"journal":{"name":"Amino Acids","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11065921/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140847256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"pDNA-tachyplesin treatment stimulates the immune system and increases the probability of apoptosis in MC4-L2 tumor cells","authors":"Fatemeh Mahmoudi-Filabadi,&nbsp;Abbas Doosti","doi":"10.1007/s00726-024-03393-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00726-024-03393-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide, and marine creatures are the most abundant reservoir of anticancer medicines. Tachyplesin peptides have shown antibacterial capabilities, but their potential to inhibit cancer growth and trigger cancer cell death has not been investigated. A synthetic tachyplesin nucleotide sequence was generated and inserted into the pcDNA3.1( +) Mammalian Expression Vector. PCR analysis and enzyme digesting procedures were used to evaluate the vectors' accuracy. The transfection efficiency of MCF-7 and MCF10-A cells was 57% and 65%, respectively. The proliferation of MCF-7 cancer cells was markedly suppressed. Administration of plasmid DNA (pDNA) combined with tachyplesin to mice with tumors did not cause any discernible morbidity or mortality throughout treatment. The final body weight curves revealed a significant reduction in weight among mice treated with pDNA/tachyplesin and tachyplesin at a dose of 100 µg/ml (18.4 ± 0.24 gr, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.05; 11.4 ± 0.24 gr <i>P</i> &lt; 0.01) compared to the control group treated with PBS (22 ± 0.31 gr). Animals treated with pDNA/tachyplesin and tachyplesin exhibited a higher percentage of CD4 + Foxp3 + Tregs, CD8 + Foxp3 + Tregs, and CD4 + and CD8 + T cell populations expressing CTLA-4 in their lymph nodes and spleen compared to the PBS group. The groups that received pDNA/tachyplesin exhibited a substantial upregulation in the expression levels of caspase-3, caspase-8, BAX, PI3K, STAT3, and JAK genes. The results offer new possibilities for treating cancer by targeting malignancies using pDNA/tachyplesin and activating the mTOR and NFκB signaling pathways.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7810,"journal":{"name":"Amino Acids","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00726-024-03393-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140842238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural insights into the potential binding sites of Cathepsin D using molecular modelling techniques","authors":"Subodh A. Kamble,&nbsp;Sagar S. Barale,&nbsp;Ali Abdulmawjood Mohammed,&nbsp;Sneha B. Paymal,&nbsp;Nitin M. Naik,&nbsp;Kailas D. Sonawane","doi":"10.1007/s00726-023-03367-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00726-023-03367-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most prevalent type of dementia caused by the accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides. The extracellular deposition of Aβ peptides in human AD brain causes neuronal death. Therefore, it has been found that Aβ peptide degradation is a possible therapeutic target for AD. CathD has been known to breakdown amyloid beta peptides. However, the structural role of CathD is not yet clear. Hence, for the purpose of gaining a deeper comprehension of the structure of CathD, the present computational investigation was performed using virtual screening technique to predict CathD's active site residues and substrate binding mode. Ligand-based virtual screening was implemented on small molecules from ZINC database against crystal structure of CathD. Further, molecular docking was utilised to investigate the binding mechanism of CathD with substrates and virtually screened inhibitors. Localised compounds obtained through screening performed by PyRx and AutoDock 4.2 with CathD receptor and the compounds having highest binding affinities were picked as; ZINC00601317, ZINC04214975 and ZINCC12500925 as our top choices. The hydrophobic residues Viz<i>.</i> Gly35, Val31, Thr34, Gly128, Ile124 and Ala13 help stabilising the CathD-ligand complexes, which in turn emphasises substrate and inhibitor selectivity. Further, MM-GBSA approach has been used to calculate binding free energy between CathD and selected compounds. Therefore, it would be beneficial to understand the active site pocket of CathD with the assistance of these discoveries. Thus, the present study would be helpful to identify active site pocket of CathD, which could be beneficial to develop novel therapeutic strategies for the AD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7810,"journal":{"name":"Amino Acids","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00726-023-03367-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140676374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improvement of diabetes-induced spinal cord axon injury with taurine via nerve growth factor-dependent Akt/mTOR pathway","authors":"Yachen Wang,&nbsp;Bihu Gao,&nbsp;Xiaochi Chen,&nbsp;Xiaoxia Shi,&nbsp;Shuangyue Li,&nbsp;Qing Zhang,&nbsp;Cong Zhang,&nbsp;Fengyuan Piao","doi":"10.1007/s00726-024-03392-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00726-024-03392-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is a common neurological complication caused by diabetes mellitus (DM). Axonal degeneration is generally accepted to be the major pathological change in peripheral DN. Taurine has been evidenced to be neuroprotective in various aspects, but its effect on spinal cord axon injury (SCAI) in DN remains barely reported. This study showed that taurine significantly ameliorated axonal damage of spinal cord (SC), based on morphological and functional analyses, in a rat model of DN induced by streptozotocin (STZ). Taurine was also found to induce neurite outgrowth in cultured cerebral cortex neurons with high glucose exposure. Moreover, taurine up-regulated the expression of nerve growth factor (NGF) and neurite outgrowth relative protein GAP-43 in rat DN model and cultured cortical neurons/VSC4.1 cells. Besides, taurine increased the activating phosphorylation signals of TrkA, Akt, and mTOR. Mechanistically, the neuroprotection by taurine was related to the NGF–pAKT–mTOR axis, because either NGF-neutralizing antibody or Akt or mTOR inhibitors was found to attenuate its beneficial effects. Together, our results demonstrated that taurine promotes spinal cord axon repair in a model of SCAI in STZ-induced diabetic rats, mechanistically associating with the NGF-dependent activation of Akt/mTOR pathway.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7810,"journal":{"name":"Amino Acids","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00726-024-03392-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140629981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Taurine ameliorates sensorimotor function by inhibiting apoptosis and activating A2 astrocytes in mice after subarachnoid hemorrhage","authors":"Chunlei Yang,&nbsp;Zhiwen Jiang,&nbsp;Xinjie Gao,&nbsp;Heng Yang,&nbsp;Jiabin Su,&nbsp;Ruiyuan Weng,&nbsp;Wei Ni,&nbsp;Yuxiang Gu","doi":"10.1007/s00726-024-03387-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00726-024-03387-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a form of severe acute stroke with very high mortality and disability rates. Early brain injury (EBI) and delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) contribute to the poor prognosis of patients with SAH. Currently, some researchers have started to focus on changes in amino acid metabolism that occur in brain tissues after SAH. Taurine is a sulfur-containing amino acid that is semi-essential in animals, and it plays important roles in various processes, such as neurodevelopment, osmotic pressure regulation, and membrane stabilization. In acute stroke, such as cerebral hemorrhage, taurine plays a neuroprotective role. However, the role of taurine after subarachnoid hemorrhage has rarely been reported. In the present study, we established a mouse model of SAH. We found that taurine administration effectively improved the sensorimotor function of these mice. In addition, taurine treatment alleviated sensorimotor neuron damage and reduced the proportion of apoptotic cells. Furthermore, taurine treatment enhanced the polarization of astrocytes toward the neuroprotective phenotype while inhibiting their polarization toward the neurotoxic phenotype. This study is the first to reveal the relationship between taurine and astrocyte polarization and may provide a new strategy for SAH research and clinical treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7810,"journal":{"name":"Amino Acids","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00726-024-03387-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140602312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of cancer-induced cachexia and administration of l-glutathione on the intestinal mucosa in rat","authors":"Sabrina Silva Sestak,&nbsp;Fabiana Galvão da Motta Lima,&nbsp;Ana Paula de Oliveira,&nbsp;Letícia Ganem Rillo Paz Barateiro,&nbsp;Flávia Cristina Vieira-Frez,&nbsp;Sara Raquel Garcia de Souza,&nbsp;Flávia Alessandra Guarnier,&nbsp;Juliana Vanessa Colombo Martins Perles,&nbsp;Jacqueline Nelisis Zanoni","doi":"10.1007/s00726-024-03391-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00726-024-03391-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Walker-256 tumor is an experimental model known to promote cachexia syndrome, oxidative stress, and systemic inflammation. This study evaluated the duodenal mucosa of rats with Walker-256 tumor administered with 1% <span>l</span>-glutathione, intending to evaluate the damage caused by cancer-associated cachexia in the gastrointestinal tract and the effects of antioxidant administration on mucosal protection. Twenty-four 55-day-old male Wistar rats were distributed into four groups: control (C); control administered with 1% <span>l</span>-glutathione (C-GSH); Walker-256 tumor (W) and Walker-256 tumor administered with 1% <span>l</span>-glutathione (W-GSH). After 14 days of treatment, the duodenum was harvested for morphometric analysis of the mucosa, proliferation, apoptosis, immunostaining of varicosities immunoreactive (IR) to vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and 5-HT-IR cells, and quantification of mast cells and goblet cells. Walker-256 tumor-bearing rats showed cachexia syndrome, mucosal atrophy, reduced cell proliferation, reduced 5-HT-IR cells, and increased goblet cells and VIPergic varicosities, which were not reversed by <span>l</span>-glutathione. On the other hand, <span>l</span>-glutathione caused a reduction of cells in apoptosis and mast cell recruitment, demonstrating a partial recovery of the damage detected in the intestinal mucosa.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7810,"journal":{"name":"Amino Acids","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00726-024-03391-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140581856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacokinetics of L-theanine and the effect on amino acid composition in mice administered with L-theanine","authors":"Shinnosuke Yamaura,&nbsp;Koki Sadamori,&nbsp;Reiko Konishi,&nbsp;Takashi Majima,&nbsp;Akira Mukai,&nbsp;Kyosuke Uno,&nbsp;Toshihiko Kinjo,&nbsp;Koji Komori,&nbsp;Nobuyuki Kuramoto,&nbsp;Kou Kawada","doi":"10.1007/s00726-024-03389-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00726-024-03389-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>L-theanine, an amino acid component of the tea leaves of <i>Camellia sinensis</i>, is sold in Japan as a supplement for good sleep. Although several studies in humans and mice have reported the effects of L-theanine on brain function, only a few reports have comprehensively clarified the disposition of theanine administered to mice and its effects on concentrations of other blood amino acids. In this study, we aimed to determine the changes in the blood levels of L-theanine administered to mice and amino acid composition of the serum. L-theanine were administered to four-week-old Std-ddY male mice orally or via tail vein injection. L-theanine and other amino acids in serum prepared from blood collected at different time points post-dose were labeled with phenylisothiocyanate and quantified. The serum concentration of orally administered L-theanine peaked 15 min after administration. The area under the curve for tail vein injection revealed the bioavailability of L- theanine to be approximately 70%. L-theanine administration did not affect any amino acid levels in the serum, but a significant increase in the peak area overlapping the Glycine (Gly) peak was observed 30 min after administration. L-theanine administered to mice was rapidly absorbed and eliminated, suggesting that taking L-theanine as a supplement is safe without affecting its own levels or serum levels of other amino acids. However, considering that Gly, similar to L-theanine, is used as a dietary supplement for its anxiolytic effects and to improve sleep, determining the effects of L-theanine administration on Gly is important and needs further research.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7810,"journal":{"name":"Amino Acids","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00726-024-03389-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140581855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}