{"title":"Growth of carcinoma of the esophagus and gastroesophageal junction in a human tumor cloning assay.","authors":"G J Harris, J N Turner, D D Von Hoff","doi":"10.1089/cdd.1986.3.273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/cdd.1986.3.273","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We have received and attempted to culture 23 specimens from 23 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus and 15 specimens from 11 patients with adenocarcinoma of the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ). Evaluable growth, defined as greater than or equal to 20 tumor colonies per control plate, was achieved in 35% of the esophageal specimens and in 40% of the GEJ specimens. The specimens with evaluable growth yielded 20 evaluable drug tests for the esophageal group and 42 evaluable drug tests for the GEJ group. A positive response to the chemotherapeutic agent, defined as less than or equal to 50% survival in the drug treated plates relative to the control plates, was seen in 1 (5%) of the evaluable esophageal specimens and in 20 (47%) of the evaluable GEJ specimens. The only agent active in the esophageal group was cis-platinum (1 of 5 tests). Standard active agents in the GEJ group included: 5-fluorouracil (1 of 1 test), vinblastine (4 of 8 tests), vincristine (1 of 1 test), and VP-16 (1 of 1 test). Active investigational agents included: methylglyoxalbisguanylhydrazone (MGBG) (1 of 1 test), auranofin (3 of 3 tests), vinzolidine (4 of 6 tests), carbetimer (2 of 2 tests), and ametantrone (3 of 3 tests). The cloning results are consistent with the clinical observation that carcinoma of the esophagus and GEJ respond differently to chemotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":77686,"journal":{"name":"Cancer drug delivery","volume":"3 4","pages":"273-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/cdd.1986.3.273","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14690357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Totally implantable catheters for cancer chemotherapy: French experience on 325 cases.","authors":"G Champault","doi":"10.1089/cdd.1986.3.131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/cdd.1986.3.131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>325 implantable catheters (PAC) were successfully used for treatment of 310 patients with neoplastic diseases in 21 French medical centers. 263 were placed in central venous sites; 43 in the hepatic artery and 11 in intra-portal sites. There was no failure at insertion time nor was there any death attributable to the method. While average duration of catheterization was 182 days, 72 catheters remain patent after one year of use or longer. Occlusion risk was found to be 3.6%: 1.5% for IV sites and 13.9% for intra-arterial sites (due to smaller inner diameter). 2.4% of the implantations showed cutaneous necrosis and in 2.7% sepsis occurred. Sepsis was much more likely to occur after percutaneous insertions. These results support the use of this device for long term chemotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":77686,"journal":{"name":"Cancer drug delivery","volume":"3 2","pages":"131-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/cdd.1986.3.131","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14827809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cis platine (CDDP) in continuous intravenous ambulatory infusion: a new method of administration.","authors":"M Benahmed, J Renaux, M Spielman, J Rouesse","doi":"10.1089/cdd.1986.3.183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/cdd.1986.3.183","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Twenty-three patients with metastatic tumors received multiple chemotherapy regimens which included CIS platine (CDDP) by continuous ambulatory infusion for 4 successive days at a rate of 25 mg/m2/day repeated every 4 weeks. Continuous infusion was provided by an external disposable pump, the \"Infusor,\" which delivers the drug in a volume of 48 ml at a constant rate of 2 ml/hour, in conjunction with oral hydration and antiemetics. No incident detrimental to the patient was recorded. The average duration of the infusions was 23 hr. Only 22% of the patients had minor nausea and vomiting, and 1 case of functional renal insufficiency (4%) was easily corrected by simple intravenous hydration. A randomized study is ongoing to compare continuous perfusion with standard infusion for efficiency, side effects and response rate. Patients with \"Infusor\" are treated at home under Minitel supervision.</p>","PeriodicalId":77686,"journal":{"name":"Cancer drug delivery","volume":"3 3","pages":"183-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/cdd.1986.3.183","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14897917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The influence of route of administration on the hepatic uptake of methotrexate.","authors":"F M Balis, R F Murphy, C M Lester, D G Poplack","doi":"10.1089/cdd.1986.3.239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/cdd.1986.3.239","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study was designed to determine if the hepatic toxicity of chronic low-dose methotrexate could be circumvented by administering the drug systemically, avoiding high initial hepatic drug exposure resulting from absorption of an oral dose into the portal circulation. Hepatic concentrations of methotrexate were determined in rats following chronic administration of 1 mg/kg by either the intraperitoneal (absorbed via the portal circulation) or subcutaneous route. Plasma drug profiles of methotrexate administered by the two routes were similar. The mean (+/- S.D.) hepatic methotrexate concentration following intraperitoneal administration was 3.12 +/- .47 nmol/gm wet weight and following subcutaneous administration it was 2.68 +/- .52 (p = .06). Renal methotrexate concentrations in the 2 groups were 1.23 +/- .27 and 1.26 +/- .49 nmol/gm wet weight, respectively (p = .88). The results of this study suggest that that oral administration does not lead to greater accumulation of methotrexate in the liver compared to systemic administration.</p>","PeriodicalId":77686,"journal":{"name":"Cancer drug delivery","volume":"3 4","pages":"239-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/cdd.1986.3.239","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14689715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The influence of monoclonal antibody dose on tumor uptake of radiolabeled antibody.","authors":"R L Wahl, M Liebert, B S Wilson","doi":"10.1089/cdd.1986.3.243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/cdd.1986.3.243","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The impact of antibody protein dose on tumor accumulation of radiolabeled monoclonal antibody was studied in nude mice with xenografts of human melanomas. 225.28S, a murine monoclonal antibody reactive with a high-molecular weight antigen of melanoma, was radiolabeled with I-125 and administered intraperitoneally to nude mice with human melanoma xenografts. Three days later, the animals were sacrificed, and tumor and normal tissue uptake of I-125 antibody was determined. At doses of 6.25, 62.5, 625 and 1875 ug of monoclonal antibody, there were no significant differences in percent of injected dose reaching the tumor/g of tumor or in the non-tumor uptakes achieved. These findings indicate that in the melanoma system, antibody dose is not a critical determinant of tumor uptake, and additionally indicate that low doses of antibody protein are appropriate for studies involving radioiodinated antibody localization.</p>","PeriodicalId":77686,"journal":{"name":"Cancer drug delivery","volume":"3 4","pages":"243-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/cdd.1986.3.243","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14690355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G Fountzilas, T Ohnuma, K Rammos, B Mindich, J F Holland
{"title":"Comparison of mitoxantrone and ametantrone in human acute myelocytic leukemia cells in culture and in bone marrow granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells.","authors":"G Fountzilas, T Ohnuma, K Rammos, B Mindich, J F Holland","doi":"10.1089/cdd.1986.3.93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/cdd.1986.3.93","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The cytocidal effects of mitoxantrone and ametantrone were compared in 3 human acute myelocytic leukemia (AML) cell lines by means of clonogenic as well as cell growth inhibition assay. The effects of these two agents were also compared on normal bone marrow granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells (CFU-GM). Mitoxantrone was 10-20 fold more potent against AML cells than ametantrone. Longer exposure of cells to these agents resulted in increased cell kill, but with lesser efficiency. Both mitoxantrone and ametantrone were more cytocidal on normal bone marrow CFU-GM than on AML cells; mitoxantrone was approximately 2.5-fold and ametantrone nearly 10-fold more active against CFU-GM than against HL-60 AML cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":77686,"journal":{"name":"Cancer drug delivery","volume":"3 2","pages":"93-100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/cdd.1986.3.93","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14582338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Low dose ara-C administered by continuous subcutaneous infusion: a pharmacologic evaluation.","authors":"D R Spriggs, J E Sokal, J Griffin, D W Kufe","doi":"10.1089/cdd.1986.3.211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/cdd.1986.3.211","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Low dose ara-C has been widely used in the treatment of preleukemia and leukemia. These studies have generally utilized either a twice daily, subcutaneous bolus schedule or a continuous intravenous infusion schedule. In order to surmount the logistical problems of long term intravenous infusion while providing prolonged ara-C exposure, we have studied the pharmacology of administering ara-C (20 mg/M2/d) by continuous subcutaneous infusion. The results obtained in eight patients demonstrate that steady state plasma ara-C levels achieved during continuous subcutaneous infusion (24.6-65.6 nM) are not significantly different than those obtained during intravenous infusions (26.2-61.5 nM). Subcutaneous infusions result in prolonged myelosuppression similar to that seen with continuous intravenous infusions. The continuous infusion of low dose ara-C by the subcutaneous route provides a treatment option for some outpatients and offers advantages over intravenous infusions which often require placement of venous catheters or hospitalization.</p>","PeriodicalId":77686,"journal":{"name":"Cancer drug delivery","volume":"3 3","pages":"211-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/cdd.1986.3.211","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14897919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Controlled studies of a new microprocessor-based portable infusion pump.","authors":"R T Dorr, S E Salmon, M E Marsh, A Robertone","doi":"10.1089/cdd.1986.3.139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/cdd.1986.3.139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A new microprocessor-controlled portable infusion pump, the Pancretec Provider IV 2000 TM was tested in vitro and in vivo in cancer patients. The Provider is a rotary peristaltic, battery-powered pump capable of flow rates of 0.2 to 83 ml/hour with delivery volumes up to 1999 ml. Two programming modes are available: intermittent infusion and continuous infusion. Bench tests showed the flow rate accuracy to be within 96% of the desired rate. Flow rate precision was similarly excellent at +/- 2%. Clinical studies were performed in 14 ambulatory patients receiving continuous infusion antineoplastic or analgesic drugs over 5-60 days as outpatients. The majority of infusions delivered fluoropyrimidines via indwelling central venous access ports. Two of the patients received long term (60 days) continuous infusion of analgesics for pain control. Flow rate accuracy with the pumps was within +/- 5% in 90% of the 27 infusion courses (244 patient-days of continuous infusion therapy). A significant therapy deviation (interruption 10% of the desired course) occurred in three instances. One related to a procedural error (incomplete cartridge insertion into the pump), two were caused by fluid leakage which interrupted pump function. Defect alarms (both visual and audible) operated in both instances. A KVO flow rate of 0.1 ml/hr was also found to be adequate to maintain catheter patency in peripheral veins over a 24-hour period in two normal volunteers. We conclude that the Provider pump is an accurate, reliable and state of the art infusion system with wide clinical applicability.</p>","PeriodicalId":77686,"journal":{"name":"Cancer drug delivery","volume":"3 2","pages":"139-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/cdd.1986.3.139","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14827810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L G Feun, Y Y Lee, W K Yung, C Charnsangavej, N Savaraj, R A Tang, S Wallace
{"title":"Phase II trial of intracarotid BCNU and cisplatin in primary malignant brain tumors.","authors":"L G Feun, Y Y Lee, W K Yung, C Charnsangavej, N Savaraj, R A Tang, S Wallace","doi":"10.1089/cdd.1986.3.147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/cdd.1986.3.147","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intracarotid BCNU (100 mg/m2) and cisplatin (60 mg/m2) were administered to 36 patients with malignant brain tumors recurrent or progressive after cranial irradiation. Courses of therapy were repeated at 4-6 week intervals. Of 23 evaluable patients with recurrent glioma, 9 (39%) had tumor regression by CT scan and 3 had stable disease. The median time to tumor progression for responding patients was 37 weeks. For all patients with primary tumors it was 14 weeks. Six of 9 patients with no prior chemotherapy had a response and 1 had stable disease. Of 14 patients who had received prior chemotherapy, 3 had a response and 2 had stable disease. Survival ranged from 9 weeks to 95+ weeks (median 34 weeks) from start of therapy. Six of 23 patients with primary tumors are alive 1 year or more following therapy. Four of 11 patients with brain metastases had a response and 2 had stable disease. Major neurologic toxicity of intracarotid BCNU and cisplatin appeared cumulative and consisted of reversible hemiparesis in 3% of 118 courses, TIA in 1%, expressive aphasia in 9%, lethargy in 3%, seizures in 12%, and reversible confusion in 1%. Retinal toxicity consisted of mild blurring of vision in 4 patients and ipsilateral blindness in 5 patients. Three of 22 patients who had received supraophthalmic infusion later developed evidence of leukoencephalopathy. Intracarotid BCNU and cisplatin appears to have modest increase in activity over intracarotid cisplatin alone (Cancer 54:794, 1984), however, neurologic and retinal toxicity may also be increased.</p>","PeriodicalId":77686,"journal":{"name":"Cancer drug delivery","volume":"3 2","pages":"147-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/cdd.1986.3.147","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14828447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of chemical deglycosylation on the in vivo fate of ricin A-chain.","authors":"D C Blakey, P E Thorpe","doi":"10.1089/cdd.1986.3.189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/cdd.1986.3.189","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chemical deglycosylation of ricin A-chain virtually eliminated its entrapment by the liver and delayed its clearance from the bloodstream of mice. Liver entrapment of native ricin A-chain occurred to approximately equal extents in the parenchymal and non-parenchymal cell fractions of the liver. The chemical deglycosylation procedure reduced uptake of the A-chain by both cell fractions.</p>","PeriodicalId":77686,"journal":{"name":"Cancer drug delivery","volume":"3 3","pages":"189-96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1089/cdd.1986.3.189","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14614570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}