Shock Waves最新文献_第7页

Design and characterization of the Sandia free-piston reflected shock tunnel 桑迪亚自由活塞反射激波隧道的设计与表征

IF 2.2 4区工程技术

Shock Waves Pub Date : 2023-05-23 DOI: 10.1007/s00193-023-01127-4

K. P. Lynch, T. Grasser, R. Spillers, C. Downing, K. A. Daniel, E. R. Jans, S. Kearney, B. J. Morreale, R. Wagnild, J. L. Wagner

{"title":"Design and characterization of the Sandia free-piston reflected shock tunnel","authors":"K. P. Lynch, T. Grasser, R. Spillers, C. Downing, K. A. Daniel, E. R. Jans, S. Kearney, B. J. Morreale, R. Wagnild, J. L. Wagner","doi":"10.1007/s00193-023-01127-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00193-023-01127-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A new reflected shock tunnel capable of generating hypersonic environments at realistic flight enthalpies has been commissioned at Sandia. The tunnel uses an existing free-piston driver and shock tube coupled to a conical nozzle to accelerate the flow to approximately Mach 9. The facility design process is outlined and compared to other ground test facilities. A representative flight-enthalpy condition is designed using an in-house state-to-state solver and piston dynamics model and evaluated using quasi-1D modeling with the University of Queensland L1d code. This condition is demonstrated using canonical models and a calibration rake. A 25-cm core flow with 4.6-MJ/kg total enthalpy is achieved over an approximately 1-ms test time. The condition was refined using analysis and a heavier piston, leading to an increase in test time. A novel high-speed molecular tagging velocimetry method is applied using in situ nitric oxide to measure the freestream velocity of approximately 3016 m/s. Companion simulation data show good agreement in exit velocity, pitot pressure, and core flow size.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":775,"journal":{"name":"Shock Waves","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00193-023-01127-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4905131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Linear interaction approximation for shock/disturbance interaction in a Noble–Abel stiffened gas Noble-Abel强化气体中激波/扰动相互作用的线性相互作用近似

IF 2.2 4区工程技术

Shock Waves Pub Date : 2023-05-10 DOI: 10.1007/s00193-023-01131-8

G. Farag, P. Boivin, P. Sagaut

引用次数: 0

Detonation propagation through a diffuse-interface gas layer 通过扩散界面气体层的爆轰传播

IF 2.2 4区工程技术

Shock Waves Pub Date : 2023-04-27 DOI: 10.1007/s00193-023-01128-3

M. McLoughlin, V. Yousefi-Asli, S. Gray, G. Ciccarelli

{"title":"Detonation propagation through a diffuse-interface gas layer","authors":"M. McLoughlin, V. Yousefi-Asli, S. Gray, G. Ciccarelli","doi":"10.1007/s00193-023-01128-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00193-023-01128-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Detonation propagation in a stratified layer of combustible gas over an inert gas was investigated experimentally. The layer formed in a 12.7-mm-wide channel by opening a sliding door that initially separated a nitrogen-diluted stoichiometric hydrogen–oxygen mixture from argon, or nitrogen. As the lighter combustible gas layer spreads axially down the channel, diffusion across the interface produces a composition gradient across the layer height. A steady detonation wave, generated by deflagration-to-detonation transition in the driver section before the door location, was transmitted into the combustible layer. The axial distance the layer spreads and the amount of mass diffusion across the layer were controlled by the flame ignition delay time after the door opens. Schlieren video and soot foils were used to measure the extent of detonation propagation through the layer. It was shown that detonation propagation through the layer is self-limiting due to over-mixing at the layer leading edge. Three-dimensional numerical simulations, including viscous and multicomponent mass diffusion effects, predicted the composition distribution within the layer. The cell size distribution, calculated based on the theoretical ZND induction zone length, corresponding to the simulation composition distribution showed that a cell size gradient-based failure criterion successfully predicted the extent of propagation in the layer.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":775,"journal":{"name":"Shock Waves","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00193-023-01128-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5027330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Control of separation shock unsteadiness in an incident-shock-induced interaction 碰撞-冲击相互作用中分离冲击非定常的控制

IF 2.2 4区工程技术

Shock Waves Pub Date : 2023-04-24 DOI: 10.1007/s00193-023-01129-2

C. Manisankar, S. B. Verma

{"title":"Control of separation shock unsteadiness in an incident-shock-induced interaction","authors":"C. Manisankar, S. B. Verma","doi":"10.1007/s00193-023-01129-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00193-023-01129-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Separation shock unsteadiness in an incident-shock-induced interaction with and without control is evaluated in a Mach 2.05 flow using a <span>(14^{circ })</span> shock generator. An array of mechanical vortex generators (MVGs) in the form of rectangular vanes (MVG1), ramp vanes (MVG2), and a delta ramp (MVG3) is placed <span>(14delta )</span> upstream of the interaction region (<span>(delta =5.2,{textrm{mm}})</span> being the local boundary layer thickness at the interaction). Among all the devices tested, MVG1 shows a maximum reduction of the separation length (about 28% relative to the no-control case). The spectra at separation also show a shift in the dominant frequency from 220 Hz without control to 539 Hz with MVG1. Interestingly, the peak rms (root mean square) value is seen to occur with control at much larger intermittency values (<span>(upgamma _{upsigma ,{textrm{max}}}=0.92)</span> for MVG1) in contrast to the no-control case in which it occurs at <span>(upgamma _{upsigma ,{textrm{max}}}=0.5)</span> as reported so far. The auto-correlation at the separation and reattachment shock locations indicates the presence of relatively small-scale structures with control as compared to the case without control. Out of all the control cases tested, MVG1 exhibits better separation control with a relatively lower unsteadiness level.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":775,"journal":{"name":"Shock Waves","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4920497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analysis of shock wave acceleration from normal detonation reflection 法向爆轰反射冲击波加速度分析

IF 2.2 4区工程技术

Shock Waves Pub Date : 2023-04-21 DOI: 10.1007/s00193-023-01126-5

D. T. Schoeffler, J. E. Shepherd

引用次数: 0

Shock detachment from curved wedges by local choking: numerical verification 由局部窒息引起的弯曲楔的激波脱离:数值验证

IF 2.2 4区工程技术

Shock Waves Pub Date : 2023-04-18 DOI: 10.1007/s00193-023-01122-9

S. Mölder, A. Gulamhussein

{"title":"Shock detachment from curved wedges by local choking: numerical verification","authors":"S. Mölder, A. Gulamhussein","doi":"10.1007/s00193-023-01122-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00193-023-01122-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Computational fluid dynamics shows that a shock wave can detach from the sharp leading edge of a curved wedge at a wedge angle smaller than the classical maximum flow deflection as well as the sonic wedge angle. This is attributed to the inability of the sonic flow, at the wedge trailing edge, to pass as much mass flow as is being admitted through the shock wave attached at the leading edge. At this condition, the flow is unsteady, causing both the sonic surface and the shock to make adjustments in their shapes and positions to achieve a steady state with mass-flow balance. As a result, the shock wave becomes detached. Time-accurate CFD calculations show the gasdynamic details of the adjustment where the flow and the detached shock assume a steady state as the mass-flow imbalance gradually decreases to zero. This mechanism of shock detachment, occurring near the leading edge, is called <i>local choking</i> to distinguish it from shock detachment due to global choking that occurs because of flow choking at the exit of a convergent duct and to distinguish it as well from detachment due to an excessive leading-edge deflection. The <i>local choking</i> mechanism has been postulated to be a cause of shock detachment from doubly curved wedges. An analysis, based on curved shock theory and confirmed by CFD, shows that local choking and shock detachment from a doubly curved leading edge are dependent on Mach number, wedge angle, wedge curvature (both streamwise and cross-stream), and wedge length.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":775,"journal":{"name":"Shock Waves","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4710642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development of simple evaluation system for Hugoniot of polymethyl methacrylate 聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯Hugoniot简易评价系统的开发

IF 2.2 4区工程技术

Shock Waves Pub Date : 2023-04-12 DOI: 10.1007/s00193-023-01121-w

Y. Takahashi, S. Kubota, T. Saburi

{"title":"Development of simple evaluation system for Hugoniot of polymethyl methacrylate","authors":"Y. Takahashi, S. Kubota, T. Saburi","doi":"10.1007/s00193-023-01121-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00193-023-01121-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Hugoniot shock wave velocity <span>((U_{textrm{S}}))</span>–particle velocity <span>((u_{textrm{p}}))</span> curve of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) was measured in an experiment using only 2.5 g of a high explosive. The thickness of the plate was varied to accurately determine <span>(U_{textrm{S}})</span> at an arbitrary position in the PMMA. Image analysis was conducted to obtain the <i>x</i>–<i>t</i> diagram of shock wave propagating in PMMA along the axis of the explosive, and its derivative was used to obtain the on-axis <span>(U_{textrm{S}})</span> at an arbitrary location. Using the pressure measurement results and <span>(U_{textrm{S}})</span> values, the Hugoniot <span>(U_{textrm{S}})</span>–<span>(u_{textrm{p}})</span> curve of PMMA was obtained by calculating <span>(u_{textrm{p}})</span> from the momentum conservation law. The results are in very good agreement with the reported values for flat-plate impact experiments conducted using an impact gun. It was found that the Hugoniot <span>(U_{textrm{S}})</span>–<span>(u_{textrm{p}})</span> curve of PMMA on the low-pressure side <span>((u_{textrm{p}} < 0.5, {textrm{km}}/{textrm{s}}))</span> can be evaluated with high accuracy using a simple measurement method that does not use plane waves.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":775,"journal":{"name":"Shock Waves","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00193-023-01121-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4481581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Turbulence modeling of 3D high-speed flows with upstream-informed corrections 具有上游信息修正的三维高速流动湍流建模

IF 2.2 4区工程技术

Shock Waves Pub Date : 2023-04-12 DOI: 10.1007/s00193-023-01123-8

C. Prasad, D. V. Gaitonde

{"title":"Turbulence modeling of 3D high-speed flows with upstream-informed corrections","authors":"C. Prasad, D. V. Gaitonde","doi":"10.1007/s00193-023-01123-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00193-023-01123-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Turbulence modeling has the potential to revolutionize high-speed vehicle design by serving as a co-equal partner to costly and challenging ground and flight testing. However, the fundamental assumptions that make turbulence modeling such an appealing alternative to its scale-resolved counterparts also degrade its accuracy for practical high-speed configurations, especially when fully 3D flows are considered. The current investigation develops a methodology to improve the performance of turbulence modeling for a complex Mach 8.3, 3D shock boundary layer interaction (SBLI) in a double fin geometry.A representative two-equation model, with low-Reynolds-number terms, is used as a test bed. Deficiencies in the baseline model are first elucidated using benchmark test cases involving a Mach 11.1 zero pressure gradient boundary layer and a Mach 6.17 flow over an axisymmetric compression corner. From among different possibilities, two coefficients are introduced to inhibit the non-physical over-amplification of (i) turbulence production and (ii) turbulence length-scale downstream of a shock wave. The coefficients rely on terms already present in the original model, which simplifies implementation and maintains computational costs. The values of the coefficients are predicated on the distribution of turbulence quantities upstream of the shock; this ensures that the modifications do not degrade the model predictions in simpler situations such as attached boundary layers, where they are unnecessary. The effects of the modifications are shown to result in significant improvements in surface pressure and wall heat flux for the 3D SBLI test case, which contains numerous features not observed in 2D situations, such as 3D separation, skewed boundary layers, and centerline vortices. Considerations on the inflow values of turbulence variables and mesh resolution are provided.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":775,"journal":{"name":"Shock Waves","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00193-023-01123-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4484200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Three-dimensional full-field simulation of sonic boom emanating from complex geometries over buildings 建筑物上空复杂几何形状声爆的三维全场模拟

IF 2.2 4区工程技术

Shock Waves Pub Date : 2023-04-12 DOI: 10.1007/s00193-023-01125-6

R. Yamashita, N. Nikiforakis

{"title":"Three-dimensional full-field simulation of sonic boom emanating from complex geometries over buildings","authors":"R. Yamashita, N. Nikiforakis","doi":"10.1007/s00193-023-01125-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00193-023-01125-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Full-field direct simulation of sonic boom has only been applied to the analysis of axisymmetric geometries. In this work, a more realistic analysis of complex geometries over buildings is achieved by employing a combination of the following four numerical approaches: (i) a hierarchical structured adaptive mesh refinement method, (ii) a ghost fluid method for incorporating the immersed boundary conditions on the solid–fluid interfaces, (iii) a well-balanced finite volume method to allow stable stratification of the atmosphere, and (iv) a segmentation method of the computational domain to increase the efficiency of the computations. The three-dimensional Euler equations with a gravitational source term are solved over a stratified atmosphere. The simulation is split into two stages. Firstly, the entire flow field that involves a delta wing body is solved without buildings. Thereafter, the flow behaviors near the ground are recomputed considering rectangular and L-type buildings. Computational results show that the near- and far-fields waveforms are comparable to those from the wind tunnel experiment and the waveform parameter method, respectively. The waveform shape behind the shock waves is spiked due to the diffracted waves around buildings, with the spiking effect in L-type buildings being stronger than that in rectangular buildings. The pressure rises for rectangular and L-type buildings are significantly amplified due to double and triple reflections, respectively, each with an amplification factor comparable to the theoretical value. These results indicate that full-field simulation is promising for analyzing three-dimensional characteristics of sonic boom emanating from complex geometries passing over buildings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":775,"journal":{"name":"Shock Waves","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00193-023-01125-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4484614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

On the effect of characterised initial conditions on the evolution of the mixing induced by the Richtmyer–Meshkov instability 论特征初始条件对由richmyer - meshkov不稳定性引起的混合演化的影响

IF 2.2 4区工程技术

Shock Waves Pub Date : 2023-04-12 DOI: 10.1007/s00193-023-01124-7

M. Rasteiro dos Santos, Y. Bury, S. Jamme, J. Griffond

{"title":"On the effect of characterised initial conditions on the evolution of the mixing induced by the Richtmyer–Meshkov instability","authors":"M. Rasteiro dos Santos, Y. Bury, S. Jamme, J. Griffond","doi":"10.1007/s00193-023-01124-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00193-023-01124-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Time-resolved schlieren photography was used to visualise mixing zones induced by the Richtmyer–Meshkov instability. These were initiated with four different initial conditions: three of them with monotonic, single-mode shapes and one with a non-monotonic, multi-mode shape. These initial conditions were generated by an innovative experimental concept, the Micro Rotating Shutter System. The results of this experimental campaign reveal that the shape of the initial air–helium interface influences the subsequent development of the resulting mixing zone. Over the measurement time range, the width of the mixing zone induced by this instability is correctly fitted by a power law. Its growth exponent depends on the monotonicity of the initial air–helium interface: while mixing widths originating from single-mode initial conditions are almost superimposed, a lesser growth exponent is found for the multi-mode initial condition. The Reynolds number based on the width of the mixing zone suggests that both flows initiated with single- and multi-mode initial conditions reach a fully turbulent state after the interaction with the reflected shock wave (reshock). The schlieren photography visualisations presented here also allow to illustrate the structure of the induced mixing and highlight the effect of the initial conditions on the large-scale structures of the Richtmyer–Meshkov instability-induced mixing.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":775,"journal":{"name":"Shock Waves","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4484201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0