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Carbapenem-Resistant Infections in Neonates and Children in Latin America: A Literature Review. 拉丁美洲新生儿和儿童的耐碳青霉烯类感染：文献综述。
IF 1.9 4区 医学
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.24-0422
Gabriella Shanks, Louis Grandjean
{"title":"Carbapenem-Resistant Infections in Neonates and Children in Latin America: A Literature Review.","authors":"Gabriella Shanks, Louis Grandjean","doi":"10.4269/ajtmh.24-0422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.24-0422","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Carbapenems are broad-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotics that are increasingly being used worldwide to treat multidrug-resistant infections, but since their introduction, carbapenem resistance has emerged. This phenomenon has been well documented in the adult population, but there is a paucity of evidence from the neonatal and pediatric populations. A literature search of carbapenem-resistant infections in Latin American neonates and children was conducted via PubMed/Medline and SCOPUS: 551 titles were screened, and 17 articles were included in the review. The most commonly reported predominant isolate was Klebsiella pneumoniae (11 of 17 studies). Genotypic data were available in 10 of 17 studies, and the KPC gene was the most commonly reported resistance gene. The mortality rate ranged from 13% to 52.6%. Carbapenem-resistant infections are prevalent in children and neonates in Latin America and are associated with high rates of mortality, highlighting the need for enhanced antimicrobial stewardship and surveillance within these populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":7752,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142543155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Etiology of Acute Encephalitis Syndrome in Adults in a Tertiary Care Center in Eastern Uttar Pradesh. 印度北方邦东部一家三级医疗中心成人急性脑炎综合征的病因。
IF 1.9 4区 医学
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.24-0118
Tulika Kumari Rai, Jaya Chakravarty, Shubham Kashyap, Sumeet Chatterjee, Vishwa Deepak Tiwari, Urvashi Geeta Rai, Mayank Gangwar, Shyam Sundar, Gopal Nath
{"title":"Etiology of Acute Encephalitis Syndrome in Adults in a Tertiary Care Center in Eastern Uttar Pradesh.","authors":"Tulika Kumari Rai, Jaya Chakravarty, Shubham Kashyap, Sumeet Chatterjee, Vishwa Deepak Tiwari, Urvashi Geeta Rai, Mayank Gangwar, Shyam Sundar, Gopal Nath","doi":"10.4269/ajtmh.24-0118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.24-0118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Seasonal outbreaks of acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) with high case fatality rates have been commonly reported among adults in India. With an increase in Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) vaccination, the etiology of AES is also changing. However, most studies on AES in India have focused only on children and on JEV. This study was conducted in the Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University between 2020 and 2022 to determine the etiology of AES in adults. Blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were collected from patients 18 years or older with fever and altered sensorium for ≤15 days. We did IgM ELISA for dengue, chikungunya, West Nile virus, scrub typhus, leptospirosis from serum, CSF-IgM for JEV, and CSF-polymerase chain reaction for herpes simplex virus 1 and 2, varicella-zoster virus, enterovirus, and cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test (CBNAAT) for tuberculous meningitis (TBM). The most common cause of AES identified in our study was TBM (16.7%), followed by leptospirosis (15.1%) and scrub typhus (11.9%). The high occurrence of TBM in our study highlights the importance of CSF-CBNAAT for all AES patients. As leptospirosis and scrub typhus are easily treatable, early detection and treatment of these infections should be recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":7752,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142543166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Kent Campbell, ASTMH Past President, (1944-2024). 肯特-坎贝尔，ASTMH 前任主席（1944-2024 年）。
IF 1.9 4区 医学
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.24-0627
Richard W Steketee, Stephen L Hoffman
{"title":"Kent Campbell, ASTMH Past President, (1944-2024).","authors":"Richard W Steketee, Stephen L Hoffman","doi":"10.4269/ajtmh.24-0627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.24-0627","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7752,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142543168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Epidemiological Impact of Dengue in Colombia: A Systematic Review. 登革热在哥伦比亚的流行病学影响：系统回顾
IF 1.9 4区 医学
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.23-0907
Alfonso J Rodríguez-Morales, Eduardo López-Medina, Iván Arboleda, Jaime A Cardona-Ospina, Jaime E Castellanos, Álvaro A Faccini-Martínez, Elaine Gallagher, Riona Hanley, Pio Lopez, Salim Mattar, Carlos Eduardo Pérez, Randee Kastner, Humberto Reynales, Fernando Rosso, Jing Shen, Wilmer E Villamil-Gómez, Marcela Fuquen
{"title":"The Epidemiological Impact of Dengue in Colombia: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Alfonso J Rodríguez-Morales, Eduardo López-Medina, Iván Arboleda, Jaime A Cardona-Ospina, Jaime E Castellanos, Álvaro A Faccini-Martínez, Elaine Gallagher, Riona Hanley, Pio Lopez, Salim Mattar, Carlos Eduardo Pérez, Randee Kastner, Humberto Reynales, Fernando Rosso, Jing Shen, Wilmer E Villamil-Gómez, Marcela Fuquen","doi":"10.4269/ajtmh.23-0907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.23-0907","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dengue is the most important viral vector-borne disease in the tropics, with Colombia being one of the most affected countries. In this context, it is essential to identify and synthesize the existing evidence on the epidemiology of dengue in Colombia. A systematic review (PROSPERO CRD42021257985) was conducted by searching for epidemiological data in populations with suspected or confirmed dengue in Colombia from 2012 to 2020. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, the LILACS, and SciELO databases, and 104 publications out of 1,234 records were selected. The dengue annual incidence rate varied through the years without a clear trend. The lowest annual incidence rate was observed in 2017 (90.7 per 100,000 population) and the highest in 2013 (476.2 per 100,000 population). The proportion of severe cases in the same period ranged between 0.89% in 2016 and 2.7% in 2012. The four dengue virus (DENV) serotypes co-circulated in the country, and DENV-2 was the predominant serotype. Fifty percent of dengue cases occurred in people under 20 years, and those between 5 and 14 years had the highest incidence rate. The mortality rate for all dengue cases ranged from 0.07% in 2020 to 0.16% in 2012 and 2015. In conclusion, dengue is a hyperendemic disease in Colombia with the circulation of four serotypes. New strategies must be implemented to prevent the contagion and impact of the disease on the population at risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":7752,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142543175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Case Report: Invasive Sino-Orbital Aspergillosis and Tinea Corporis Co-Infection in a Returned Traveler from Flooded Sylhet, Bangladesh. 病例报告：孟加拉国锡尔赫特洪灾中一名回国旅行者的侵袭性中眶曲霉菌病和体癣合并感染。
IF 1.9 4区 医学
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.24-0139
Hannah Ward, Alireza Abdolrasouli, Curtis Offiah, Samir Agrawal, Efthymios Hadjimichael, Hannah Cottom, Marcin Ligaj, Anjaneya Bapat
{"title":"Case Report: Invasive Sino-Orbital Aspergillosis and Tinea Corporis Co-Infection in a Returned Traveler from Flooded Sylhet, Bangladesh.","authors":"Hannah Ward, Alireza Abdolrasouli, Curtis Offiah, Samir Agrawal, Efthymios Hadjimichael, Hannah Cottom, Marcin Ligaj, Anjaneya Bapat","doi":"10.4269/ajtmh.24-0139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.24-0139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We report a case of co-infection with Aspergillus fumigatus causing invasive sino-orbital aspergillosis and Trichophyton interdigitale tinea corporis in a returned traveler from flooded Sylhet region, Bangladesh. Anthropogenic climate change may lead to increased extreme weather-associated fungal infections. Travel to a flooded area should be considered a risk factor for fungal infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":7752,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142543157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Stronger Evaluations are Needed for Interventions to Improve Health Worker Performance. 需要对提高卫生工作者绩效的干预措施进行更有力的评估。
IF 1.9 4区 医学
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.24-0539
Alexander K Rowe
{"title":"Stronger Evaluations are Needed for Interventions to Improve Health Worker Performance.","authors":"Alexander K Rowe","doi":"10.4269/ajtmh.24-0539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.24-0539","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7752,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142543172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Transformative Impact of the African Cohort Study (AFRICOS) Toward Reaching HIV 95-95-95 Goals in Sub-Saharan Africa. 非洲队列研究（AFRICOS）对撒哈拉以南非洲实现 HIV 95-95-95 目标的变革性影响。
IF 1.9 4区 医学
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.24-0249
Neha Shah, Trevor A Crowell, Jaclyn Hern, Victor Anyebe, Emmanuel Bahemana, Hannah Kibuuka, Valentine Singoei, Jonah Maswai, Ajay Parikh, Emma R Duff, Joseph Sean Cavanaugh, Matthew L Romo, Julie A Ake, Michael J A Reid, Amb John N Nkengasong
{"title":"The Transformative Impact of the African Cohort Study (AFRICOS) Toward Reaching HIV 95-95-95 Goals in Sub-Saharan Africa.","authors":"Neha Shah, Trevor A Crowell, Jaclyn Hern, Victor Anyebe, Emmanuel Bahemana, Hannah Kibuuka, Valentine Singoei, Jonah Maswai, Ajay Parikh, Emma R Duff, Joseph Sean Cavanaugh, Matthew L Romo, Julie A Ake, Michael J A Reid, Amb John N Nkengasong","doi":"10.4269/ajtmh.24-0249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.24-0249","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Over the last 20 years, the U.S. President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) has rapidly expanded and made remarkable progress toward the UNAIDS 95-95-95 targets to end the HIV epidemic. Nevertheless, HIV continues to pose a significant health challenge globally, with a particular impact on the African continent. Funded by PEPFAR, the African Cohort Study (AFRICOS) has served as a monitoring and evaluation tool for PEPFAR to help guide HIV policy and PEPFAR programming for the last 10 years since its inception and offers a compelling example of how PEPFAR's investment in science continues to reap dividends. This paper details and critically reviews the transformative research AFRICOS has had on helping to end the HIV epidemic as a public health threat by 2030.</p>","PeriodicalId":7752,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142543176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Anopheles gambiae Re-Emergence and Resurgent Malaria Transmission in Eastern Rwanda, 2010-2020. 2010-2020 年卢旺达东部冈比亚按蚊的再次出现和疟疾传播的恢复。
IF 1.9 4区 医学
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.23-0881
Ian Hennessee, Alphonse Mutabazi, Dunia Munyakanage, Michee Kabera, Aimable Mbituyumuremyi, Naomi Lucchi, Miles A Kirby, Lance A Waller, Thomas F Clasen, Uriel Kitron, Emmanuel Hakizimana
{"title":"Anopheles gambiae Re-Emergence and Resurgent Malaria Transmission in Eastern Rwanda, 2010-2020.","authors":"Ian Hennessee, Alphonse Mutabazi, Dunia Munyakanage, Michee Kabera, Aimable Mbituyumuremyi, Naomi Lucchi, Miles A Kirby, Lance A Waller, Thomas F Clasen, Uriel Kitron, Emmanuel Hakizimana","doi":"10.4269/ajtmh.23-0881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.23-0881","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rwanda achieved unprecedented malaria control gains from 2000 to 2010, but cases increased 20-fold between 2011 and 2017. Vector control challenges and environmental changes were noted as potential explanations, but no studies have investigated causes of the resurgence or identified which vector species drove transmission. We conducted a retrospective study in four sites in eastern Rwanda that conducted monthly entomological surveillance and outpatient malaria care. We compared sporozoite rates, human blood index (HBI), and relative abundance of the primary vectors, Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles arabiensis, from 2017 to 2020. We then modeled the effects of vector control interventions, insecticide resistance, and temperature changes on species composition and reported malaria incidence. Sporozoite rates were 28 times higher and HBI was four times higher in An. gambiae compared with An. arabiensis. Insecticide-treated bed nets, first distributed nationally in 2010, were associated with decreased An. gambiae relative abundance. However, increased pyrethroid resistance was associated with increased An. gambiae relative abundance and malaria incidence. Epidemic malaria peaks corresponded to periods of model-predicted An. gambiae re-emergence, and increased regional air temperatures during the period were further associated with increased malaria incidence. Indoor residual spraying (IRS), implemented with non-pyrethroid insecticides later in the period, was associated with 86% reductions in An. gambiae relative abundance and 75% reductions in malaria incidence. These findings suggest that increased pyrethroid resistance and the re-emergence of An. gambiae were closely linked to the malaria resurgence in eastern Rwanda. Non-pyrethroid IRS or other control measures that effectively target An. gambiae may help prevent future resurgences.</p>","PeriodicalId":7752,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142543154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Case Report: Successful Management of Rhinofacial Conidiobolus coronatus Infection with Itraconazole Monotherapy. 病例报告：伊曲康唑单一疗法成功治疗鼻面部冠状念珠菌感染
IF 1.9 4区 医学
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.24-0196
Savitha Sharath, Abhinav Bansal, Surabhi Sinha, Arvind Ahuja
{"title":"Case Report: Successful Management of Rhinofacial Conidiobolus coronatus Infection with Itraconazole Monotherapy.","authors":"Savitha Sharath, Abhinav Bansal, Surabhi Sinha, Arvind Ahuja","doi":"10.4269/ajtmh.24-0196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.24-0196","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There are no standard guidelines on the management of Conidiobolus infections, and many antifungals have been used, either alone or in combination. Relapses are common even after successful management. Although localized, they can result in severe facial disfigurement and may rarely cause disseminated entomophthoromycosis, which can have fatal complications. We present a case of biopsy-proven conidiobolomycosis in a young immunocompetent male patient with progressive unilateral rhinofacial swelling who was successfully treated with itraconazole monotherapy and showed no relapse after 1 year of therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":7752,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142543159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Microbiological Profile of Periprosthetic Joint Infections: A Retrospective Analysis from North India. 假体周围关节感染的微生物学特征：北印度的回顾性分析
IF 1.9 4区 医学
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.24-0396
Souradeep Chowdhury, Sunit Sikdar, Rajesh Malhotra, Benu Dhawan
{"title":"Microbiological Profile of Periprosthetic Joint Infections: A Retrospective Analysis from North India.","authors":"Souradeep Chowdhury, Sunit Sikdar, Rajesh Malhotra, Benu Dhawan","doi":"10.4269/ajtmh.24-0396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.24-0396","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the rise in total joint arthroplasties, prosthetic joint infections (PJIs) have become a significant complication, leading to high morbidity. The causative organisms of PJIs vary by region, and the rates of drug-resistant organisms are growing, thus complicating the initial empiric choice of antibiotics. This retrospective study analyzed records of patients with orthopedic implants and intraoperative tissue samples sent for sonication and culture at a tertiary care hospital in India. The most common organism was Staphylococcus aureus (14 out of 86 bacterial isolates, 16.3%), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12 out of 86, 13.9%), and both Staphylococcus epidermidis and Klebsiella pneumoniae (11 each out of 86, 12.8%). There was a high prevalence of multidrug-resistant organisms, and 35% of the gram-negative organisms were carbapenem resistant. Our study reveals that in our setting, PJIs are chiefly driven by multidrug resistant gram-negative bacteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":7752,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142543169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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