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Current opinion in neurology and neurosurgery最新文献

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Gamma-aminobutyric acidA receptor subunits in the mediation of selective drug action. γ -氨基丁酸受体亚基介导选择性药物作用。
Current opinion in neurology and neurosurgery Pub Date : 1993-08-01
S J Enna
{"title":"Gamma-aminobutyric acidA receptor subunits in the mediation of selective drug action.","authors":"S J Enna","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pharmacologic and biochemical data indicate a variety of gamma-aminobutyric acidA receptor subtypes. The identification of gamma-aminobutyric acidA receptor subunits and their isoforms has yielded a more refined characterization of the pharmacologic selectivity of these sites. Such structural diversity may explain the different responses noted with drugs acting through gamma-aminobutyric acidA receptors and makes possible the design of new agents capable of selectively manipulating this neurotransmitter system.</p>","PeriodicalId":77089,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in neurology and neurosurgery","volume":"6 4","pages":"597-601"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19097717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Chiari malformations, syringomyelia, and intramedullary spinal cord tumors. Chiari畸形，脊髓空洞，脊髓髓内肿瘤。
Current opinion in neurology and neurosurgery Pub Date : 1993-08-01
J R Madsen, R M Scott
{"title":"Chiari malformations, syringomyelia, and intramedullary spinal cord tumors.","authors":"J R Madsen,&nbsp;R M Scott","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Optimal management of congenital and acquired spinal cord lesions, such as Chiari malformations, syringomyelia, and intramedullary spinal cord tumors, depends on an understanding of the pathogenesis and natural history of these lesions. Magnetic resonance imaging and detailed physiologic investigations are shedding new light on these difficult-to-diagnose entities, and new surgical techniques are aiding in their management.</p>","PeriodicalId":77089,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in neurology and neurosurgery","volume":"6 4","pages":"559-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19384887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Autonomic disorders. 自主神经紊乱。
Current opinion in neurology and neurosurgery Pub Date : 1993-08-01
{"title":"Autonomic disorders.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77089,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in neurology and neurosurgery","volume":"6 4","pages":"615-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19384894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Movement disorders. 运动障碍。
Current opinion in neurology and neurosurgery Pub Date : 1993-06-01
{"title":"Movement disorders.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77089,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in neurology and neurosurgery","volume":"6 3","pages":"453-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19490579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pathogenesis and animal studies of Parkinson's disease. 帕金森病的发病机制和动物研究。
Current opinion in neurology and neurosurgery Pub Date : 1993-06-01
W H Oertel, A Kupsch
{"title":"Pathogenesis and animal studies of Parkinson's disease.","authors":"W H Oertel,&nbsp;A Kupsch","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article reviews the past year's literature on pathogenesis and animal studies of Parkinson's disease. Studies on aging, genetic aspects, environmental factors, melanin, altered iron metabolism, oxidative stress, defective mitochondrial respiration, excitatory amino acids, and trophic support are reviewed in relation to the vulnerability of dopaminergic nigral neurons and the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":77089,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in neurology and neurosurgery","volume":"6 3","pages":"323-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19488585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Neurologic complications of inherited mitochondrial abnormality, and neurologic consequences of inborn errors of metabolism. 遗传性线粒体异常的神经系统并发症和先天代谢错误的神经系统后果。
Current opinion in neurology and neurosurgery Pub Date : 1993-06-01
R N Lightowlers
{"title":"Neurologic complications of inherited mitochondrial abnormality, and neurologic consequences of inborn errors of metabolism.","authors":"R N Lightowlers","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The possibility of gene therapy for patients with Menkes or Gaucher's disease has been improved by the isolation of a promising candidate gene and production of a mouse model, respectively. Many mutations of mitochondrial DNA are being associated with mitochondrial encephalomyopathies, and protection of the resultant biochemical deficiency can be achieved with a remarkably low percentage of normal mitochondrial DNA. The correlation between mutation, biochemical deficiency, and neurologic consequence, however, remains frustratingly obscure. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometric urinalysis is becoming increasingly important in the diagnosis of metabolic disorders and is revealing new and unexpected deficiencies.</p>","PeriodicalId":77089,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in neurology and neurosurgery","volume":"6 3","pages":"429-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19490575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Normal and abnormal patterns of myelin development of the fetal and infantile human brain using magnetic resonance imaging. 利用磁共振成像研究胎儿和婴儿大脑髓磷脂发育的正常和异常模式。
Current opinion in neurology and neurosurgery Pub Date : 1993-06-01
W Grodd
{"title":"Normal and abnormal patterns of myelin development of the fetal and infantile human brain using magnetic resonance imaging.","authors":"W Grodd","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Magnetic resonance imaging allows a noninvasive assessment of myelination during normal brain maturation as well as the detection of genetically determined and acquired diseases that affect the synthesis and maintenance of myelin. If this high sensitivity of magnetic resonance imaging for white matter changes is completed by adequate clinical and biochemical information, a unique diagnostic tool is available to gain new insights in the formation of myelin and pathogenesis of myelin disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":77089,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in neurology and neurosurgery","volume":"6 3","pages":"393-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19488593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Clinical features, diagnosis, and imaging of parkinsonian syndromes. 帕金森综合征的临床特征、诊断和影像学。
Current opinion in neurology and neurosurgery Pub Date : 1993-06-01
W Poewe
{"title":"Clinical features, diagnosis, and imaging of parkinsonian syndromes.","authors":"W Poewe","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The differential diagnosis of parkinsonian syndromes continues to challenge clinicians. The clinical diagnosis of idiopathic Parkinson's disease is correct in only about three quarters of cases when reevaluated neuropathologically, emphasizing the need for more discriminative diagnostic criteria. The clinical spectrum of brain stem Lewy body idiopathic Parkinson's disease itself may be heterogeneous, including dementing and nondementing, familial and sporadic, and levodopa-responsive and -nonresponsive subgroups. Recent clinicopathologic evidence suggests that other parkinsonian syndromes such as progressive supranuclear palsy may also be neuropathologically heterogeneous. Pharmacologic criteria of dopaminergic responsiveness have no absolute power of differentiating between idiopathic Parkinson's disease and other parkinsonian disorders, although an absent response argues against idiopathic Parkinson's disease. The best diagnostic imaging criteria still come from positron emission tomography studies of the functional integrity of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system, but more widely applicable techniques are needed. Promising perspectives for this have come form studies of D2-receptor binding with iodobenzamide single photon emission computed tomography in parkinsonian syndromes.</p>","PeriodicalId":77089,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in neurology and neurosurgery","volume":"6 3","pages":"333-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19488586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Bacterial meningitis and Lyme neuroborreliosis in childhood. 儿童期细菌性脑膜炎和莱姆病。
Current opinion in neurology and neurosurgery Pub Date : 1993-06-01
H J Christen
{"title":"Bacterial meningitis and Lyme neuroborreliosis in childhood.","authors":"H J Christen","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neurologic infections represent a major problem in child neurology. Recent research on this issue has had important implications for diagnosis and pathophysiology of infectious diseases of the child's brain, resulting in new therapeutic approaches. A better understanding of the molecular pathophysiology of bacterial meningitis has developed, and therapeutic interventions focus on the host's inflammatory response. Therapeutic trials with dexamethasone in addition to antibiotic treatment have yielded promising results in reducing morbidity and long-term neurologic sequelae in bacterial meningitis. The detection of Lyme borreliosis in 1977 substantially influenced the differential diagnosis of inflammatory central nervous system diseases. Lyme neuroborreliosis proved a main cause of acute peripheral facial palsy and aseptic meningitis in children. An effective antibiotic treatment has become available for a large number of patients with these illnesses.</p>","PeriodicalId":77089,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in neurology and neurosurgery","volume":"6 3","pages":"403-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19490573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Alcohol- and drug-related neurotoxicity. 与酒精和药物有关的神经毒性。
Current opinion in neurology and neurosurgery Pub Date : 1993-06-01
C M Filley, J P Kelly
{"title":"Alcohol- and drug-related neurotoxicity.","authors":"C M Filley,&nbsp;J P Kelly","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The nervous system is vulnerable to a wide range of toxic insults. Historically, the toxic syndromes most often encountered have involved drugs of abuse, most notably alcohol. Cocaine has also been securely identified in recent years as neurotoxic. Equally distressing are neurotoxic disorders resulting from the administration of drugs for other conditions, and a growing literature is documenting these effects as well. This review discusses the cerebral basis of drug abuse and then considers recent data on the neurotoxicity of ethanol, methanol, and cocaine. Finally, selected examples of iatrogenic drug effects illustrate the variety of toxic syndromes that can occur with commonly employed treatment modalities.</p>","PeriodicalId":77089,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in neurology and neurosurgery","volume":"6 3","pages":"443-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19490577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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