Clinics in communication disorders最新文献

{"title":"A proactive model for treating communication disorders in children and adolescents with traumatic brain injury.","authors":"J L Blosser,&nbsp;R DePompei","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This proactive approach to assessment and intervention focuses both on looking ahead to determine problems the student with TBI is likely to encounter as a result of cognitive-communicative impairments, and on developing solutions to those problems. Intervention places the family and other important people in the student's life at the center of the treatment process. Family members, teachers, peers, and coworkers can be incorporated into the intervention program. Strategies and techniques can be implemented within the home, school, community, and work setting. To do so, professionals must be committed to working closely with others to develop collaborative relationships.</p>","PeriodicalId":77075,"journal":{"name":"Clinics in communication disorders","volume":"2 2","pages":"52-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12477008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetics in disorders of language.","authors":"J W Gilger","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As is typical in science, early work in an area is bound to have weaknesses. Therefore, it is not unexpected that the extent to which conclusions can be drawn from the current research on the genetics of DLD is limited. These limitations stem from the use of heterogeneous samples, the use of overly broad phenotypes, survey rather than objective test data, and only a few studies looking beyond simple familiarity. Future research is in progress that attempts to correct for these weaknesses. Still, some practically useful information can be gleaned from the work done thus far. First, we can now hypothesize something about the pathway from gene to DLD phenotype. Much of DLD, like RD, may be a manifestation of early genetic effects on the structural development of the brain (e.g., Plante, Swisher, and Vance, 1991; Plante, 1991; Molfese and Betz, 1988). However, consequences of these genetic effects for language development can still be modified by environmental events (e.g., treatment). Furthermore, genetic effects do not act in isolation and they are not necessarily static. A number of genetic and non-genetic events in the course of development may positively or negatively modify the disorder (e.g., Tomblin, 1989, Tallal et al., 1991; Molfese and Holcomb, 1989). A related point is that there is evidence for genetic heterogeneity in DLD. That different modes of transmission have been put forth by different authors, suggests that a variety of genetic forms of DLD may exist. This idea is further supported by noting that DLD is a common outcome of a number of clinical syndromes having very different genetic bases (e.g., Williams syndrome, Down syndrome, fragile X, etc.; Siegel-Sadewitz and Shprintzen, 1982; Bellugi et al., 1991). This does not rule out the possibility that a majority of nonsyndromic DLD is due to one or a few major genes, however. Finally, there is also evidence for behavioral heterogeneity in DLD. The data suggest that the genes for DLD are variably expressed. For example, in families selected through a DLD proband, a number of different language-related problems have been noted. Furthermore, when a globally defined DLD individual is examined closely, it is common to find a collection of symptoms, sometimes spanning all the major domains of language (Weiss and Lillywhite, 1981). Overall, the data and concepts presented in this article suggest that the clinician should take careful family histories of clients and, when doing so, attempt to ascertain the specific symptoms that family members other than the client exhibit.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)</p>","PeriodicalId":77075,"journal":{"name":"Clinics in communication disorders","volume":"2 4","pages":"35-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12459592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving listening comprehension of narratives.","authors":"R S Pierce,&nbsp;S Grogan","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77075,"journal":{"name":"Clinics in communication disorders","volume":"2 1","pages":"54-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12477004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methodology for discourse management in the treatment of aphasia.","authors":"S B Chapman,&nbsp;H K Ulatowska","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77075,"journal":{"name":"Clinics in communication disorders","volume":"2 1","pages":"64-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12477005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing early speech motor function.","authors":"M M Hodge","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77075,"journal":{"name":"Clinics in communication disorders","volume":"1 2","pages":"69-85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13006149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The adult patient. The adult patient.","authors":"J Hobbs","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The stories told by these two individuals reflect considerable differences in background conditions, treatment protocol, career decisions, life experiences, and emotional perspectives. They represent a spectrum of variables found in caring for patients with clefts. The following conclusions can be drawn from the existing literature as well as from the patients interviewed: 1. Early intervention is critical; treatment should be completed as early as possible. 2. Adults with clefts who have speech problems during adolescence and even adulthood generally do not do as well as cleft patients who have not experienced major speech problems. 3. Despite well-trained social work and psychological support from the cleft palate team, patients really may not verbalize their innermost feelings about their condition. There may be self-imposed limitations of which SLPs are unaware. 4. Just because the patient has achieved satisfactory cosmetic, functional, and speech results does not necessarily mean the patient's emotional development has reached a satisfactory level of adjustment. 5. SLPs see patients only within the well-defined limits of the hospital or clinic setting. They are not seen in public, their job setting, or within the family constellation. 6. The effects of cultural biases and differences may not be readily apparent but may have considerable influence on patient adjustment, expectations, behavior, and overall ability to accept the condition. 7. Infancy and childhood provide a window of time during which all operations, dental procedures, and therapies should be accomplished. Many older children will reach a point at which they will choose to stop the process and refuse what we think are the final stages of treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":77075,"journal":{"name":"Clinics in communication disorders","volume":"1 3","pages":"48-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13006157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of naming failures in neurological communication disorders.","authors":"L J Rothi,&nbsp;A M Raymer,&nbsp;L Maher,&nbsp;M Greenwald,&nbsp;M Morris","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77075,"journal":{"name":"Clinics in communication disorders","volume":"1 1","pages":"7-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12890695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The identification and diagnosis of hearing loss in infants.","authors":"K L Beauchaine,&nbsp;M P Gorga","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The goal of early identification of hearing loss is being reached gradually. The technological options for assessing hearing loss in neonates and infants are expanding to the point that we are now capable of identifying hearing loss, regardless of developmental level. The latest revision of the JCIH (1991) risk criteria, in conjunction with an increasing number of statewide programs, provides optimism for meeting the goal of finding and remediating hearing loss early in the first year of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":77075,"journal":{"name":"Clinics in communication disorders","volume":"1 1","pages":"21-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13005784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurogenic stuttering as a manifestation of stroke and a mask of dysphonia.","authors":"P R Rao","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>R. L. was a 52-year-old man who was referred for an SLP consultation to determine the nature of his fluency disorder, whether or not treatment would be beneficial, and finally whether resumption of pre-trauma vocational status was feasible. The patient was involved in a motor vehicle accident with no resulting detectable trauma. However, shortly after the accident, R. L. developed a severe dysfluency that was later described as cortical stuttering. We reviewed the medical and rehabilitation work-up that attempted to determine whether the communication disorder was functional or organic in origin. Once the fluency disorder was determined to be caused by a suspected small, focal, hemispheric lesion, a five-month treatment program was undertaken that used a noval prosthetic approach to restore fluency. Once fluency was restored with the use of an artificial larynx, a residual anomia was detected and treated. The case of R. L. illustrates a stuttering that appeared to be caused by a combined neurogenic dyspraxic (vocal control), dysarthric (motor control), and dysnomic (word-finding) dysfluency. The literature on this issue was reviewed and the underlying mechanism of recovery was discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":77075,"journal":{"name":"Clinics in communication disorders","volume":"1 1","pages":"31-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13005785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic counseling.","authors":"J W Hanson","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Achieving the clinical goal of genetic counseling continues to be the proper role of all professionals who deal with disorders and conditions that have a genetic component. That group includes the SLP. One major problem is determining when information can be given generally and when referral to a genetic counselor is needed. Another problem is helping the public accept the idea of genetic counseling as one useful part of the health care system. Of special importance now is the development of new methods for identifying the genetic contribution to diseases and disorders. Careful attention is needed for the effective integration of this new technology into our patterns of health care delivery and public health policy in general.</p>","PeriodicalId":77075,"journal":{"name":"Clinics in communication disorders","volume":"1 3","pages":"26-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13006153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}