Blutalkohol最新文献_第2页

[Changes in the spectrum of alcohol-induced traffic accidents in relation to blood alcohol level]. [酒精引起的交通事故频谱变化与血液酒精含量的关系]。

Blutalkohol Pub Date : 1996-03-01

H T Haffner, D Erath, M Graw

{"title":"[Changes in the spectrum of alcohol-induced traffic accidents in relation to blood alcohol level].","authors":"H T Haffner, D Erath, M Graw","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"A retrospective study was undertaken to determine whether the degree of alcohol intoxication has an effect on the driving performance with regards to both the quantity and quality. A total of 625 accidents caused by drivers who were under the influence of alcohol were reviewed. They were divided into three groups according to the blood alcohol concentration (BAC):0.30 - 1.09 g/kg, 1.10 - 1.99 g/kg and > 2.00 g/kg. In order to exclude the influence of factors unrelated to alcohol, the groups were matched for age, sex, location of accident and the light and road conditions. This resulted in a total of 85 accidents in each group. The accidents were classified with reference to the \"Register of causes of accidents\" used in road accident statistics. The three groups differed significantly in their causes of accidents (p < 0.025), although those due to speeding dominated in each group. In the group with low BAC, the next most common accidents were the ones caused by failure to give way. In the group with medium BAC, rear-end collisions and accidents occurring during low speed manoeuvres were the second most common. In the group with highest BAC, the next most common causes of accidents were the leaving of the correct traffic lane unassociated with speeding.","PeriodicalId":77045,"journal":{"name":"Blutalkohol","volume":"33 2","pages":"78-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19654545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Test performance with minimal alcoholic intoxication]. [少量酒精中毒的测试性能]。

Blutalkohol Pub Date : 1996-01-01

G Bartl, F Lager, L Domesle

{"title":"[Test performance with minimal alcoholic intoxication].","authors":"G Bartl, F Lager, L Domesle","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Driving ability of 34 males under minor influence of alcohol was tested at the ART 90 test unit of the Austrian Road Safety Board. Furthermore, 22 males not under the influence of alcohol, formed part of the sober control group. Some months previously, all volunteers had completed a driver aptitude test consisting of identical tests for all participants. Therefore a before-and-after analysis as well as a comparison of the different groups could be carried out by means of MANOVA. A high motivational level was guaranteed in the first tests as all test persons' driver qualification depended on the results of their driver aptitude tests. Months later they were invited to participate in this study on a voluntary basis. The second tests took place immediately after a social evening at which 8 volunteers were present at any one time. To create conditions as near to reality as possible, only alcohol that would be readily available to the public was served. An entertainer ensured an equally cheerful and relaxed atmosphere in both the experimental and control groups. Alcohol levels were measured by means of the Siemens breathalyser. Results show that as early as an average alcohol level of 0.67/1000 performance is significantly impaired: three times more errors in concentration tests, twice as many errors in reaction tests, twice as many observation errors in visual structuring and a considerable reduction of reactive stress tolerance. On the other hand quantitative dimensions of performance such as reaction time are not significantly impaired. In addition, the readiness to take risks increases with alcohol consumption as is shown by means of questionnaire.","PeriodicalId":77045,"journal":{"name":"Blutalkohol","volume":"33 1","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19748553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Self-assessment of blood alcohol content in acute alcoholic intoxication]. 急性酒精中毒患者血液酒精含量的自我评估

Blutalkohol Pub Date : 1996-01-01

S Seidl, M Scheller, G Reinhardt

引用次数: 0

[Concentration dependent ethanol metabolism in steady-state]. [稳态浓度依赖性乙醇代谢]。

Blutalkohol Pub Date : 1996-01-01

H D Wehner, M C Schieffer, S Krauss, M Hubig

引用次数: 0

[Change in automobile driving capacity assessment--a contribution to the correlation between diagnosis and therapy]. [汽车驾驶能力评估的变化——对诊断和治疗之间相关性的贡献]。

Blutalkohol Pub Date : 1996-01-01

B Pund, G Kajan

{"title":"[Change in automobile driving capacity assessment--a contribution to the correlation between diagnosis and therapy].","authors":"B Pund, G Kajan","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The repeated demand for the introduction of an organisational separation of medical-psychological assessment from drink rehabilitation of drink driving offenders and other types of offenders is mainly sustained by the fear of a possible loss of the experts' neutrality, objectivity and independence. In addition to that there is the fear of an economic conflict within an organisation offering both medical-psychological assessment and rehabilitation courses for drink driving offenders. In the event of a clash of interests resulting in the demand of a complete organisational separation, the consequences of such a separation would have to be dealt with. The separation of fields of work which, in substance, are closely related from the scientific point of view and in respect of the underlying conceptual basis would result in: a substantial reduction of experience of assessment experts (who will no longer be able to gather experience with rehabilitation and/or therapy) an equally substantial reduction of experience of therapists (who will no longer be able to be involved in diagnostics). As in other branches where there are opposing views from within the society, this development is avoidable. Instead of neglecting professional standards appropriate safety and control instruments should be installed in order to diminish economic conflicts. Quality management and control according to ISO 9000 would be an appropriate measure to enable the administrative body to exclude any misuse of the experts' role.","PeriodicalId":77045,"journal":{"name":"Blutalkohol","volume":"33 1","pages":"31-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19748561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Driving ban--a blunt weapon? Response to the comment by Bode]. 禁驾——一件钝器?对博德评论的回应]。

Blutalkohol Pub Date : 1996-01-01

R G Zabel

引用次数: 0

[Revoked driving right--a blunt weapon?]. [被吊销驾驶权——钝器?]

Blutalkohol Pub Date : 1995-11-01

H J Bode

引用次数: 0

[Determining the duration of suspended license for alcohol intoxicated drivers]. [确定醉酒司机执照被吊销的期限]。

Blutalkohol Pub Date : 1995-11-01

W Winkler