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Simulation of the energy transfer upconversion effect on properties of passively Q-switched laser pulse 能量传递上转换对被动调q激光脉冲特性影响的模拟
IF 0.4 4区 物理与天体物理
Russian Physics Journal Pub Date : 2025-08-11 DOI: 10.1007/s11182-025-03511-2
A. H. Jaafar, A. M. Salih
{"title":"Simulation of the energy transfer upconversion effect on properties of passively Q-switched laser pulse","authors":"A. H. Jaafar,&nbsp;A. M. Salih","doi":"10.1007/s11182-025-03511-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11182-025-03511-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The effect of energy transfer upconversion (ETU) on the properties of a passively Q‑switched (PQS) laser pulse is simulated using the optical system consisting of Nd<sup>+3</sup>:YAG and Cr<sup>+4</sup>:YAG as an active medium and saturable absorber, respectively. The rate equation model is proposed and calculated numerically by the Runge-Kutta-Fehelberg method. The results of the proposed model show good agreement for the time behavior of the population inversion density and the photon number density of the PQS laser pulse with the previous theoretical results of the same system. The benchmark enhances the reliability using the model. The simulation shows that upconversion operations lead to a decrease in the pulse energy and increase in the pulse duration. Calculation results show that the ETU effect results in a 3.735% increase in the pulse duration due to a decrease in the pulse energy by 1.226%, and its power reduction by 5.084%. In the case without the ETU effect, the pulse generates at an earlier time than in the case with the ETU effect.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":770,"journal":{"name":"Russian Physics Journal","volume":"68 6","pages":"912 - 920"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145011664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Impact of surface tension, viscosity and flow rate on air bubble formation in aqueous methanol at temperatures 293.15, 303.15 and 313.15 K 293.15、303.15和313.15 K温度下表面张力、粘度和流速对甲醇水溶液中气泡形成的影响
IF 0.4 4区 物理与天体物理
Russian Physics Journal Pub Date : 2025-08-04 DOI: 10.1007/s11182-025-03508-x
P. K. Mall, H. K. Paliwal, A. Medhavi, S. P. Singh
{"title":"Impact of surface tension, viscosity and flow rate on air bubble formation in aqueous methanol at temperatures 293.15, 303.15 and 313.15 K","authors":"P. K. Mall,&nbsp;H. K. Paliwal,&nbsp;A. Medhavi,&nbsp;S. P. Singh","doi":"10.1007/s11182-025-03508-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11182-025-03508-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the effects of temperature, surface tension, and viscosity on air bubble production in an aqueous methanol solution. Experiments are conducted at three temperatures (293.15, 303.15 and 313.15 K) and varying flow rates. It is shown that lower temperatures and higher surface tension and viscosity lead to smaller bubbles, while increased temperatures promote larger and more frequent bubble formation. Flow rate variations significantly influence the bubble dynamics, with higher flow rates generating more bubbles. Research findings have implications for optimizing gas-liquid interactions in industrial processes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":770,"journal":{"name":"Russian Physics Journal","volume":"68 6","pages":"895 - 902"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145011590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
QTAIM study of the interactions in di-chalcogenide-bridged homometallic tri-iron carbonyl clusters: [M′2Fe3(CO)10]−2 (M′ = S, Se, Te) 二硫族化合物桥接同金属三铁羰基簇[M ‘ 2Fe3(CO)10]−2 （M ’ = S, Se, Te）相互作用的QTAIM研究
IF 0.4 4区 物理与天体物理
Russian Physics Journal Pub Date : 2025-07-31 DOI: 10.1007/s11182-025-03503-2
Shatha Raheem Helal Alhimidi, Mohammed L. Jabbar, Muhsen Abood Muhsen Al-Ibadi
{"title":"QTAIM study of the interactions in di-chalcogenide-bridged homometallic tri-iron carbonyl clusters: [M′2Fe3(CO)10]−2 (M′ = S, Se, Te)","authors":"Shatha Raheem Helal Alhimidi,&nbsp;Mohammed L. Jabbar,&nbsp;Muhsen Abood Muhsen Al-Ibadi","doi":"10.1007/s11182-025-03503-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11182-025-03503-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Using the Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules (QTAIM), we explored the bonding characteristics of di-chalcogenide-bridged tri-iron carbonyl clusters [M′<sub>2</sub>Fe<sub>3</sub>(CO)<sub>1</sub>₀]<sup>−2</sup>. The properties of the bond critical points, identified in our investigation, align with the previously reported results for transition metal clusters of comparable structure. They include the electron density (ρ<sub>b</sub>), the electron density Laplacian (∇<sup>2</sup>ρ<sub>b</sub>), the local energy density H<sub>b</sub>, the local kinetic energy density G<sub>b</sub>(r), the local potential energy density V<sub>b</sub>, the ellipticity ε<sub>b</sub>, and the bond delocalization indices δ(A, B). A study of the tri-iron metal core centers reveals no direct paths of the bond or bond critical sites between these metals. Despite the fact that no direct bond paths are observed between the iron atoms bridged by di-chalcogenide ligands, there are indications of enhanced organometallic bonding between the iron atoms. The values of the nonbonding delocalization indices indicate a five center, seven electron (5c–7e) bonding interaction associated with a five-membered Fe<sub>3</sub>(μ-M′)<sub>2</sub> ring. The bonding interactions with covalent and electrostatic character are identified in the Fe–M′ bonds (where M′ = S, Se, or Te). The pi-back donation from CO ligands to Fe is also found in strong levels for all compounds, as revealed through the Fe–CO bond delocalization indices δ(Fe···O).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":770,"journal":{"name":"Russian Physics Journal","volume":"68 6","pages":"857 - 867"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145011979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Permittivity of magnetic fluids with multiwalled carbon nanotubes under magnetic field effect 磁场作用下多壁碳纳米管磁性流体的介电常数
IF 0.4 4区 物理与天体物理
Russian Physics Journal Pub Date : 2025-07-31 DOI: 10.1007/s11182-025-03506-z
A. A. Pavlova, V. I. Suslayev, E. Yu. Korovin, D. A. Mazilov
{"title":"Permittivity of magnetic fluids with multiwalled carbon nanotubes under magnetic field effect","authors":"A. A. Pavlova,&nbsp;V. I. Suslayev,&nbsp;E. Yu. Korovin,&nbsp;D. A. Mazilov","doi":"10.1007/s11182-025-03506-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11182-025-03506-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Materials with controlled electromagnetic characteristics are studied in the present work. The complex permittivity spectra of ferrofluids with the following composition: synthetic oil + iron oxide + multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have been measured using impedance spectroscopy. The multiwalled carbon nanotubes (0.5 and 0.75 wt.%) were added to the composition. The effect of different orientations of the magnetic field relative to the electric field component of an electromagnetic wave on the complex permittivity values is considered. New research results indicate that thin layers of ferrofluid show promise for enhancing safety when using high-frequency radio-electronic devices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":770,"journal":{"name":"Russian Physics Journal","volume":"68 6","pages":"885 - 889"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145011985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Self-propagating high-temperature synthesis of Ca3N2 with improved nitriding degree and product composition 自蔓延高温合成提高氮化程度和产品成分的Ca3N2
IF 0.4 4区 物理与天体物理
Russian Physics Journal Pub Date : 2025-07-31 DOI: 10.1007/s11182-025-03502-3
A. N. Avramchik, O. A. Shkoda
{"title":"Self-propagating high-temperature synthesis of Ca3N2 with improved nitriding degree and product composition","authors":"A. N. Avramchik,&nbsp;O. A. Shkoda","doi":"10.1007/s11182-025-03502-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11182-025-03502-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The paper deals with calcium nitride obtained by combustion synthesis of calcium metal pellets in nitrogen at a pressure of 3 to 7 MPa. The nitriding degree for calcium is about 99%. The obtained product composition is investigated by chemical and X-ray diffraction analyses. It is found that α‑ and β‑Ca<sub>3</sub>N<sub>2</sub> phases are the primary in the product. Impurity phases include the Ca<sub>2</sub>N phase, calcium nitrate and nitrite, and others.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":770,"journal":{"name":"Russian Physics Journal","volume":"68 6","pages":"826 - 837"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145011978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of temperature on the structure and properties of a liquid 温度对液体的结构和性质的影响
IF 0.4 4区 物理与天体物理
Russian Physics Journal Pub Date : 2025-07-28 DOI: 10.1007/s11182-025-03505-0
A. I. Potekaev, V. V. Obukhov
{"title":"Effect of temperature on the structure and properties of a liquid","authors":"A. I. Potekaev,&nbsp;V. V. Obukhov","doi":"10.1007/s11182-025-03505-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11182-025-03505-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The work explores the physical concept of structure-phase states of water and water solutions low-stable to external impacts. The concept provides a way to understand the physical principles behind various effects in water and water solutions. In particular, this approach allows the role of external impacts (temperature, mechanical shaking, etc.) in the Epstein effect to be explained. The thermodynamic and phase stability analysis of physical systems is used to propose an adequate mechanism of system transition to a new structure-phase state under a weak external impact. Moreover, in spite of the fact that the external impact is weak, it can lead to considerable structure-phase changes in the system state, since the structural units in the initial and final states, although close thermodynamically, can differ significantly in symmetry. The physical reasons for the poor reproducibility of the results of studying the characteristics of the structure of water and aqueous solutions at ultra-high dilution are discussed together with the value of the low external impact required for the transition to the new structure-phase state.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":770,"journal":{"name":"Russian Physics Journal","volume":"68 6","pages":"875 - 884"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145011880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of ZrB2-SiC ceramics composition on defect self-healing ZrB2-SiC陶瓷成分对缺陷自愈的影响
IF 0.4 4区 物理与天体物理
Russian Physics Journal Pub Date : 2025-07-28 DOI: 10.1007/s11182-025-03498-w
A. G. Burlachenko, Yu. A. Mirovoy, S. P. Buyakova
{"title":"Effect of ZrB2-SiC ceramics composition on defect self-healing","authors":"A. G. Burlachenko,&nbsp;Yu. A. Mirovoy,&nbsp;S. P. Buyakova","doi":"10.1007/s11182-025-03498-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11182-025-03498-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>High thermal resistance of ZrB<sub>2</sub>–SiC composite ceramics makes it a promising candidate for creating heat-protective structures operating at temperatures exceeding 2000 °C. A significant advantage of ZrB<sub>2</sub>–SiC composite ceramics is self-healing of defects under cyclic temperature effects. The paper investigates self-healing of artificial defects on the surface of ZrB<sub>2</sub>–SiC composite ceramics at 1200, 1400 and 1600 °C annealing. It is shown that the most efficient self-healing process occurs after 1600 °C annealing. It is found that defect self-healing increases due to the higher temperature and increased SiC content in composite ceramics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":770,"journal":{"name":"Russian Physics Journal","volume":"68 6","pages":"813 - 818"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145011547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Temperature modes of a target operating in a DC gasless (vacuum) magnetron 在直流无气（真空）磁控管中工作的目标的温度模式
IF 0.4 4区 物理与天体物理
Russian Physics Journal Pub Date : 2025-07-28 DOI: 10.1007/s11182-025-03512-1
M. V. Shandrikov, M. I. Azhgikhin, E. M. Oks, A. A. Cherkasov
{"title":"Temperature modes of a target operating in a DC gasless (vacuum) magnetron","authors":"M. V. Shandrikov,&nbsp;M. I. Azhgikhin,&nbsp;E. M. Oks,&nbsp;A. A. Cherkasov","doi":"10.1007/s11182-025-03512-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11182-025-03512-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The results of an experimental study of the temperature of the target of a sputter-deposition magnetron system and a computer simulation of its behavior are presented. The magnetron system has a planar geometry and functions under vacuum (without gas fill) at a residual pressure of down to 3 ∙ 10<sup>−5</sup> Тоrr. The study is performed for different magnetron target thicknesses, shapes, operating parameters, and materials. It is shown that under all of the operating modes the target temperature in the racetrack zone (high-intensity sputtering) remains to be lower than 230 °C, which allows ruling out the effect of thermal evaporation and sublimation on the processes of magnetron discharge functioning under vacuum. Using computer simulation, possible methods and approaches to decrease the target temperature are determined.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":770,"journal":{"name":"Russian Physics Journal","volume":"68 6","pages":"933 - 940"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145011545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Synthesis of a Si3N4-TiN-Si2N2O-Fe composition by combustion of mixtures of the ferrosilicon-ilmenite-ammonium fluoride system in nitrogen 硅铁-钛铁矿-氟化铵体系在氮中燃烧合成si3n4 - tin - si2n20 - fe组合物
IF 0.4 4区 物理与天体物理
Russian Physics Journal Pub Date : 2025-07-22 DOI: 10.1007/s11182-025-03499-9
O. G. Kryukova, T. V. Tatarinova
{"title":"Synthesis of a Si3N4-TiN-Si2N2O-Fe composition by combustion of mixtures of the ferrosilicon-ilmenite-ammonium fluoride system in nitrogen","authors":"O. G. Kryukova,&nbsp;T. V. Tatarinova","doi":"10.1007/s11182-025-03499-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11182-025-03499-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A composite of Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>-Si<sub>2</sub>N<sub>2</sub>O‑TiN is synthesized by nitriding a mixture of ferrosilicon-ilmenite-ammonium fluoride under a combustion mode followed by the acid leaching of iron-containing phases. The influence of the principal parameters of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis on the combustion rate, the amount of absorbed nitrogen, and the phase composition of the combustion products is studied. It is found out that an addition of 1% NH<sub>4</sub>F causes a more complete nitrification of ferrosilicon, compared to that of 0.5%, due to an intensification of the processes of iron silicide nitrification by ammonium released during decomposition of ammonium fluoride. In the course of oxidation of the composite in air at 800 °C, TiN is completely oxidized to TiO<sub>2</sub>, and an oxidation of Si3N4 starts at a temperature higher than 1000 °C to form SiO<sub>2</sub>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":770,"journal":{"name":"Russian Physics Journal","volume":"68 6","pages":"819 - 825"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145011524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The influence of the initial phase state of aluminum oxide on the melting process in a high-power beam of fast electrons 高功率快电子束中氧化铝初始相态对熔化过程的影响
IF 0.4 4区 物理与天体物理
Russian Physics Journal Pub Date : 2025-07-22 DOI: 10.1007/s11182-025-03507-y
S. A. Ghyngazov, I. P. Vasil’ev, V. A. Boltueva, V. A. Vlasov, A. A. Kondratyuk
{"title":"The influence of the initial phase state of aluminum oxide on the melting process in a high-power beam of fast electrons","authors":"S. A. Ghyngazov,&nbsp;I. P. Vasil’ev,&nbsp;V. A. Boltueva,&nbsp;V. A. Vlasov,&nbsp;A. A. Kondratyuk","doi":"10.1007/s11182-025-03507-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11182-025-03507-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The issues of accelerating the synthesis of oxide compounds are solved by improving certain stages of the ceramic manufacturing process. A new method is advanced, involving a short-term heating of the reaction agents to the melting temperature, which is aimed at manufacturing ceramic materials that are difficult or even impossible to be produced by other processes. In view of this circumstance, it is critical to optimize the initial states of the oxides of the reaction mixture to ensure their most effective melting under the electron-beam treatment. Using an aluminum oxide as an example, it is shown how important it is to control its initial phase state. It is demonstrated that in the cases where aluminum oxide consists of a few phases, specifically monoclinic and corundum, then during the electron-beam treatment the electron energy is primarily spent on a monoclinic-to-corundum phase transition. Only following this, the aluminum oxide powder undergoes melting. This makes the electron beam treatment less effective.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":770,"journal":{"name":"Russian Physics Journal","volume":"68 6","pages":"890 - 894"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145011532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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