Russian Metallurgy (Metally)最新文献

{"title":"Structural Features of the Diffusion Welding of Bronze to Steel Preliminarily Modified by High-Pressure Torsion Deformation","authors":"A. V. Lyushinskii,&nbsp;S. O. Rogachev,&nbsp;V. E. Rogalin,&nbsp;R. V. Sundeev,&nbsp;Yu. V. Khomich,&nbsp;V. A. Yamshchikov,&nbsp;V. E. Bazhenov","doi":"10.1134/S0036029526700990","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0036029526700990","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Abstract</b>—The possibility of intensifying the diffusion welding of BrO10S2N3 bronze with structural chromium–nickel 12Kh2N4A steel by preliminary modification of the joined materials using high-pressure torsion has been studied. Welding is performed at temperatures of 750, 800, and 850°C. The results of structural-phase studies and microhardness measurements are presented. Preliminary modification is shown to activate the grain-boundary diffusion of the main elements of the joined materials, promoting the formation of a welded joint at a lower temperature than those recommended for diffusion welding of bronze to steel.</p>","PeriodicalId":769,"journal":{"name":"Russian Metallurgy (Metally)","volume":"2026 5","pages":"834 - 843"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149098389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Creep of 15Kh2NMFA-A Reactor Steel in the Temperature Range Ac1–Ac3","authors":"E. V. Terent’ev,&nbsp;A. A. Pan’kina,&nbsp;H. L. Jia,&nbsp;A. Yu. Marchenkov,&nbsp;D. V. Chuprin,&nbsp;Kh. M. Kozyrev,&nbsp;K. T. Borodavkina,&nbsp;G. B. Sviridov","doi":"10.1134/S0036029526701016","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0036029526701016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Abstract</b>—The creep characteristics of reactor 15Kh2NMFA-A steel in the temperature range 730–850°C have been investigated at a constant stress of 50 MPa. The critical phase transformation temperatures are determined: <i>A</i>_c1 = 740–750°C, <i>A</i>_c3 = 840–850°C. The specific features of structural-phase transformations under these conditions are shown to cause practical stability of the time to failure of the steel in the temperature range <i>A</i>_c1–<i>A</i>_c3. The minimum creep rate and the ductility of the steel increase significantly with temperature.</p>","PeriodicalId":769,"journal":{"name":"Russian Metallurgy (Metally)","volume":"2026 5","pages":"852 - 859"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149098883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sn–Sb–Cu–TiNi Composite Materials for Ensuring a Stable Friction Process","authors":"I. E. Kalashnikov,&nbsp;P. A. Bykov,&nbsp;I. V. Katin,&nbsp;L. I. Kobeleva,&nbsp;A. G. Kolmakov,&nbsp;R. S. Mikheev","doi":"10.1134/S0036029526700953","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0036029526700953","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Abstract</b>—The structure and tribotechnical properties of composite materials (CMs) based on the Sn–Sb–Cu system and reinforced with 3 wt % TiNi have been investigated. A RotoTec LT 29240 powder and a B83 alloy of similar chemical composition are used as a matrix material. A technology for manufacturing the CMs is proposed. The addition of 3 wt % TiNi is shown to increase the hardness of the CMs by 12%, to decrease the mass wear rate by 15%, and to stabilize friction when the axial load increases from 0.5 to 2.5 MPa. The proposed conditions can be used to manufacture a B83-alloy-based CM with a more stable coefficient of friction.</p>","PeriodicalId":769,"journal":{"name":"Russian Metallurgy (Metally)","volume":"2026 5","pages":"797 - 802"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149098387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancement of the Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Polyetheretherketone by Incorporation of an Incompatible Polytetrafluoroethylene Filler","authors":"D. A. Tambovskaya,&nbsp;E. M. Berezina,&nbsp;E. O. Koval’,&nbsp;V. V. Botvin,&nbsp;D. G. Buslovich,&nbsp;S. V. Panin","doi":"10.1134/S0036029526700928","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0036029526700928","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Abstract</b>—Composites based on a domestically produced polyetheretherketone (PEEK) modified with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) were prepared by compounding. The effect of PTFE content on the crystalline structure, mechanical and tribological properties of the composites was investigated. It was found that addition of 2.5–10 wt % PTFE makes it possible to retain the static strength at the level of unfilled PEEK (88–93 MPa), increase the notched Izod impact strength (up to 6.8 kJ/m²), and impart antifriction properties to the material (coefficient of friction ≈0.1).</p>","PeriodicalId":769,"journal":{"name":"Russian Metallurgy (Metally)","volume":"2026 5","pages":"771 - 779"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149098388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cyclic Degradation of Austenitic 12Cr18Ni10Ti Steel with Different Grain Sizes","authors":"L. R. Botvina,&nbsp;A. I. Bolotnikov,&nbsp;M. R. Tyutin,&nbsp;V. P. Levin,&nbsp;E. N. Beletskii,&nbsp;I. O. Sinev,&nbsp;Yu. A. Demina,&nbsp;A. B. Zamtfort","doi":"10.1134/S0036029526701077","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0036029526701077","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Abstract</b>—The influence of grain size and degradation after preliminary cyclic loading on the standard mechanical and physical properties of 12Cr18Ni10Ti steel has been investigated. These properties are estimated during static tension by acoustic emission, digital image correlation, electrical, eddy current, and magnetic testing, ultrasonic inspection, microhardness measurement, and optical and scanning electron microscopy. The strain dependences of the physical properties as nondestructive testing parameters, which reflect the stages of fracture development and the influence of grain size and cyclic degradation of the steel, are analyzed. Expressions are proposed to relate the estimated physical properties to the relative strain for the steel with different grain sizes in the initial state and after cyclic degradation.</p>","PeriodicalId":769,"journal":{"name":"Russian Metallurgy (Metally)","volume":"2026 5","pages":"895 - 906"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149098899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"X-Ray Diffraction Diagnostics of Residual Stresses Depending on the Elastic Characteristics of a Material","authors":"A. A. Ashmarin,&nbsp;S. Ya. Betsofen,&nbsp;A. A. Lozovan,&nbsp;V. V. Ovchinnikov,&nbsp;A. V. Shalin,&nbsp;D. A. Prokopenko,&nbsp;E. M. Rybakov","doi":"10.1134/S0036029526701107","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0036029526701107","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Abstract</b>—Criteria for an effective determination of residual stresses by the sin²ψ method and the symmetric diffraction method (SDM), which is based on the specific features of elastic anisotropy, have been determined for materials Cu, Ni, γ-Fe, Al, α-Fe, Nb, Ta, V, Cr, Mo, W, TiN, Zn, Cd, Ti, Zr, and Mg. The SDM is found to be preferable only for determining the residual stresses in Cu, Ni, γ-Fe, and α-Fe. The accuracy of residual stress determination by the sin²ψ method is shown to be also affected by the surface gradient of the chemical composition. In this case, the SDM is the optimal.</p>","PeriodicalId":769,"journal":{"name":"Russian Metallurgy (Metally)","volume":"2026 5","pages":"922 - 930"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149098903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, and Corrosion Characteristics of a Mg–Y–Zn–Cd–Zr Alloy Subjected to Rotary Forging","authors":"E. A. Lukyanova,&nbsp;O. V. Rybal’chenko,&nbsp;N. S. Martynenko,&nbsp;G. V. Rybal’chenko,&nbsp;E. I. Chistyukhina,&nbsp;M. A. Kaplan,&nbsp;V. A. Andreev,&nbsp;N. A. Andreeva,&nbsp;T. V. Dobatkina,&nbsp;S. V. Dobatkin","doi":"10.1134/S0036029526700977","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0036029526700977","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Abstract</b>—The effect of strain induced by rotary forging on the structure, aging kinetics at 200°C, mechanical properties, and corrosion resistance of a hot-extruded Mg–7.5 wt % Y–0.5 wt % Zn–0.5 wt % Cd–0.5 wt % Zr alloy is investigated. The rotary forging is performed at 475°C to the total drawing ratio μ = 2.5 or 4.5 either after preliminary intermediate two-stage homogenizing annealing or without it. For all treatments, the alloy structure is found to consist of magnesium solid-solution grains containing lamellar LPSO phase inclusions and a block LPSO phase extended along the deformation direction. The average grain size of the alloy in the initial hot-extruded state is ~ 8 μm; after intermediate homogenizing annealing, it is ~30 μm and, after subsequent rotary forging, whatever the degree of strain, the average grain size is ~15 μm. As a result of prolonged aging heat treatment (for up to 192 h), the alloy undergoes strengthening owing to the decomposition of the supersaturated magnesium solid solution; however, the strengthening effect observed after rotary forging is less pronounced as compared to that observed for the hot-extruded and subsequently annealed state. As is shown, the two-stage homogenizing annealing of the hot-extruded alloy does not change its strength and plasticity characteristics. Under these conditions, the alloy exhibits an ultimate tensile strength (σ_u) of 270–290 MPa, a 0.2 offset yield strength (σ_0.2) of 200–210 MPa, and an elongation (δ) of ~18.5%. The rotary forging increases the strength of the hot-extruded alloy to σ_u ≈ 420 MPa and σ_0.2 ≈ 360 MPa, whereas, after homogenizing annealing, they reach 380 and 330 MPa, respectively. As the degree of strain during rotary forging increases, the plasticity of the hot-extruded alloy decreases to δ ≈ 7%; in this case, whatever, the degree of strain, the two-stage homogenizing annealing favors maintaining the alloy plasticity after rotary forging. The homogenizing annealing of the hot-extruded Mg–7.5Y–0.5Zn–0.5Cd–0.5Zr alloy is found to improve its corrosion resistance, namely, decreases the corrosion rate by more than three times, in particular, after rotary forging.</p>","PeriodicalId":769,"journal":{"name":"Russian Metallurgy (Metally)","volume":"2026 5","pages":"814 - 825"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149098904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of Primary Stretching Limit of Slanted-Floor Box Products","authors":"Tok Chol Yu,&nbsp;Jin Song Choi,&nbsp;Kyong Ho Sim,&nbsp;Chon Il Son,&nbsp;Il Kyong Kang","doi":"10.1134/S0036029525600488","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0036029525600488","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The stretching process of a slanted-floor box product was simulated to analyze the deformation characteristics compared to a flat-floor box product. A stretching simulation model of the slanted-floor box was developed by DYNAFORM software. Characteristics of the model is that the distance between the blank holder and the die is set equal to the sheet thickness. The flow characteristics of flange metal, stretching limit, thickness distribution and the force acting on the tool were analyzed to investigate the deformation characteristics compared to the stretching of a flat-floor box product. Using orthogonal test method, a regression equation to determine the maximum forming depth with geometrical parameters of the slanted-floor box product under the condition of fixed process parameters (coefficient of friction between tool and workpiece and fillet radius of die) was developed, and its accuracy was validated through the stretching process of a terminal box. The average relative error of the developed equation is 2.35%, which is able to predict accurately the maximum forming depth of slanted-floor box products. The proposed method is important for engineering applications including technical process design of slanted-floor box products.</p>","PeriodicalId":769,"journal":{"name":"Russian Metallurgy (Metally)","volume":"2026 4","pages":"624 - 636"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148719120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of Steam to Improve the Natural Gas Combustion Conditions in a Blast Furnace Tuyere","authors":"E. A. Volkov,&nbsp;M. K. Mikhailova,&nbsp;I. A. Levitskii,&nbsp;A. G. Radyuk,&nbsp;M. M. Skripalenko,&nbsp;A. L. Terebov,&nbsp;A. E. Titlyanov","doi":"10.1134/S0036029526600057","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0036029526600057","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The results of Ansys Fluent 21.2 computer simulation of the processes that occur in a blast furnace tuyere are compared for four variants at the same supply of steam with blast, which differ in the amount of steam supplied together with natural gas. When the flow rate of steam supplied with natural gas increases, chemical reactions within the tuyere proceed more completely, which is accompanied by an increase in the blast temperature and velocity and provides higher uniformity in the distribution of temperature and chemical reaction participants over the cross section of the channel.</p>","PeriodicalId":769,"journal":{"name":"Russian Metallurgy (Metally)","volume":"2026 4","pages":"617 - 623"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148719158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fabrication and Properties of TiC Steel-Bonded Cemented Carbide Using TiC–Ni Composite Powders Synthesized by SHS","authors":"SongChol Ri,&nbsp;YongHyok Song,&nbsp;CholSong Pang,&nbsp;CholHyok Kim,&nbsp;JongHyok Rim,&nbsp;KyongRyong Kim,&nbsp;JinSong Ri,&nbsp;SongRyong Pak,&nbsp;CholBong Yun","doi":"10.1134/S0036029526600033","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0036029526600033","url":null,"abstract":"<p>TiC–Ni composite powders, exhibiting a microstructure in which Ni surrounds TiC particles, were synthesized from the reaction powder mixtures of titanium, carbon black and nickel by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis(SHS). Subsequently, TiC stainless steel-bonded cemented carbide was fabricated using the as-synthesized TiC–Ni composite powders by conventional powder metallurgy (PM). The effects of ball milling time on the characterization of TiC–Ni composite powders were investigated, along with the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the cemented carbide. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with an energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and laser particle size analysis(LPSA) were used to characterize the initial reactant mixtures, the synthesized TiC–Ni composite powders, and the final sintered cemented carbide. The density, hardness, and transverse rupture strength (TRS) of the cemented carbide were analyzed. The corrosion resistance of the cemented carbide was evaluated by the immersion test. The results showed that the desired TiC–Ni composite powders can be obtained when the ball milling time of the reactants in the SHS process is more than 9 hours. Compared to the TiC powder synthesized by carbothermal reduction, the cemented carbide fabricated using TiC–Ni composite powders synthesized by SHS exhibited enhanced mechanical properties with a relative density of 99.9%, hardness of 86.2HRA, and TRS of 1650MPa. However, its corrosion resistance was slightly lower than that of 316L stainless steel.</p>","PeriodicalId":769,"journal":{"name":"Russian Metallurgy (Metally)","volume":"2026 4","pages":"606 - 616"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148719166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}