Gulnar Alyshanly, Arif Heydarov, Aysel Muradova, Arzu Osmanova, Babayeva Parvana, Aybeniz Guliyeva, Sahila Izzatly, Ali Agayev, Sakina Mirzaliyeva
{"title":"Efficient Desilication of Sodium Aluminate Solution Using Friedel’s Salt and Alunite Mud: A Taguchi Optimization Study","authors":"Gulnar Alyshanly, Arif Heydarov, Aysel Muradova, Arzu Osmanova, Babayeva Parvana, Aybeniz Guliyeva, Sahila Izzatly, Ali Agayev, Sakina Mirzaliyeva","doi":"10.1134/S0036029526600537","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0036029526600537","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study presents an effective approach for the deep removal of silicate ions from sodium aluminate solutions generated during the alkaline processing of alunite ore. A sulfate-containing Friedel’s salt (FS) was synthesized and applied as an intensifying adsorbent in combination with alunite processing residue (alunite mud, AM) to improve silicon removal efficiency while reducing reagent consumption. Adsorption experiments were performed at temperatures ranging from 50 to 90°C, reaction times of 2–5 h, and varying adsorbent dosages. Under the optimized conditions of 50°C, 2 h, and FS dosage of 15 + 5 g, the SiO<sub>2</sub> concentration decreased from 0.327 to 0.0175 g/L, corresponding to a silicon modulus of 5034.2. The Taguchi L9 orthogonal array design was employed to statistically evaluate and optimize the effects of temperature, time, and FS dosage on desilication performance. The results revealed that FS dosage was the most influential parameter governing silicon removal, followed by temperature, whereas reaction time exhibited a comparatively minor effect. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) confirmed the statistical significance of all investigated factors (<i>P</i> < 0.05), with FS dosage showing the highest contribution to variance (Seq SS = 2,735,121). Residual analyses demonstrated that the developed Taguchi model satisfies the principal statistical assumptions, confirming the reliability and robustness of the optimization. The proposed method eliminates the requirement for chloride-based reagents and offers a cost-effective, environmentally favorable, and highly efficient strategy for the desilication of aluminate liquors.</p>","PeriodicalId":769,"journal":{"name":"Russian Metallurgy (Metally)","volume":"2026 6","pages":"985 - 994"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149098251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. V. Khaustov, V. V. Pai, S. V. Kuz’min, V. I. Lysak, A. D. Kochkalov
{"title":"Thermoresistive Method for Measuring the High-Intensity Heat Flows from the Two-Phase Shock-Compressed Medium in the Gap between Plates during Explosive Welding","authors":"S. V. Khaustov, V. V. Pai, S. V. Kuz’min, V. I. Lysak, A. D. Kochkalov","doi":"10.1134/S0036029526701065","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0036029526701065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Abstract</b>—A unique thermoresistive method is used to study the parameters of the shock-compressed gas in the gap during explosive welding of copper and steel plates at a contact point velocity <i>V</i><sub>c</sub> = 2.6–2.9 km/s. At the shock wave front, the peak values of the heat flow power from the shock-compressed gas are found to be ≈1.5 and 0.5 GW/m<sup>2</sup> for welding copper and steel, respectively, which is due to the lower deceleration of denser copper particles and their concentration at the shock wave front. Near the contact point (under the inclined part of the flyer plate), the heat flow power during welding of copper and steel plates is comparable (<i>1</i> and 0.7 GW/m<sup>2</sup>, respectively), which is associated with a low concentration of metal particles in this region.</p>","PeriodicalId":769,"journal":{"name":"Russian Metallurgy (Metally)","volume":"2026 5","pages":"889 - 894"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149098391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Development of Approaches for the Recovery of Invisible Gold from Sulfide Ores of the Sukhoe Deposit (Russian Far East)","authors":"V. Molchanov","doi":"10.1134/S0036029526600422","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0036029526600422","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigates the prospects for developing technological approaches to the recovery of gold from refractory sulfide ores of the Sukhoe deposit (Primorye, Russian Far East), where the noble metal occurs predominantly as invisible gold hosted in sulfide minerals and is not detectable by conventional optical methods. Arsenopyrite, the principal ore mineral controlling the economic value of the deposit, is characterized by exceptionally high gold concentrations (up to 6700 g/t), nonstoichiometric composition with S/As ratios ranging from 1.04 to 1.18, and elevated Fe contents. Thermal treatment of monomineralic arsenopyrite samples using a mixture of ammonium bifluoride and ammonium sulfate enabled the identification of micron-sized native gold inclusions. The obtained results provide new insights into the occurrence and localization of invisible gold in arsenopyrite and may serve as a scientific basis for the development of efficient technologies for the processing and industrial exploitation of the Sukhoe deposit.</p>","PeriodicalId":769,"journal":{"name":"Russian Metallurgy (Metally)","volume":"2026 6","pages":"969 - 974"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149098547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Simulation of the Heating of Microdispersed Gold and Silver Particles in Various Media","authors":"A. M. Amdur, S. A. Fedorov, L. A. Ivanova","doi":"10.1134/S0036029526600306","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0036029526600306","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The size distribution of gold and silver particles in ores of various types and technogenic formations has been studied using a scanning electron microscope. The Au particle sizes are found to be mainly in the range less than 1–2 μm. The Ag particle sizes are in the range less than 10 μm. For example, the main fraction of gold particles in copper–pyrite ore is 0.01–0.5 and 0.5–1.0 μm. The problem of heating an ensemble of dispersed gold and silver particles in various mineral media has been solved using numerical methods and the Matlab software package. A temperature gradient is shown to exist over the cross section of both solid and liquid dispersed metal particles in all media during the heating period. Consequently, Au and Ag droplets move in pores under the action of the thermocapillary effect. At a high gold and silver content, contact and subsequent merging of droplets (coagulation) is possible. At a low content, this is unlikely, as studies of silicate–carbonate ore have shown; this is confirmed experimentally.</p>","PeriodicalId":769,"journal":{"name":"Russian Metallurgy (Metally)","volume":"2026 6","pages":"946 - 954"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149098908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Application of Nonlinear Damage Mechanics to Predicting the Life of Nickel Alloy EI698 Structural Elements under Fatigue–Creep Interaction","authors":"A. V. Tumanov","doi":"10.1134/S0036029526700849","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0036029526700849","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Abstract</b>—Continuum damage mechanics approaches are applied to predicting the life of rotating nickel alloy EI698 disks during combined fatigue and creep loading. A combined approach is proposed to combine the stages of internal damage accumulation, macrocrack initiation, and macrocrack growth. For the stage of damage accumulation, continuum damage mechanics models are used. For the stage of crack initiation, the granular structure of the material is modeled using phase-field fracture models. For the stage of crack growth, macrocrack mechanics models are used. The models are verified using experimental studies of smooth EI698 alloy cylindrical and compact specimens of standard geometry during static and cyclic loading at a temperature of 650°C. The total life of a simplified model of a rotating disk with blades is calculated with allowance for the damage kinetics under fatigue and creep conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":769,"journal":{"name":"Russian Metallurgy (Metally)","volume":"2026 5","pages":"709 - 717"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149098546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Research on Hydrometallurgy Technology to Recover Copper in Fine Solid Waste Sludge from the Electronic Boards Manufacturing Stages: Case Study of Samsung, Vietnam","authors":"Toi Trung Tran, Thanh-Hai Pham, Thuat Tien Phung","doi":"10.1134/S0036029526600264","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0036029526600264","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The printed circuit board (PCB) production process at the Samsung factory in Thai Nguyen, Vietnam, generates substantial industrial wastewater. After precipitation treatment, this wastewater will produce a significant amount of copper-containing waste sludge with approximately 24% Cu. This article presents the application of hydrometallurgical technology to recover this type of metal through two successive stages: leaching and cementation. The optimal conditions for the leaching process are the H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> concentration of 1.0 mol/L, a leaching time of 60 min, the S/L ratio of 1/8, and continuous stirring (~180 rpm) at room temperature. For the successive cementation process, the best conditions (in this case study) are a suggested amount of iron shavings/copper of 1.5, continuous stirring for 60 min, and recovery of over 99% of copper metal from the pregnant solution. The results obtained were the leaching liquor with 98% leaching efficiency and copper powder with up to 99% recovery efficiency from the pregnant solution.</p>","PeriodicalId":769,"journal":{"name":"Russian Metallurgy (Metally)","volume":"2026 6","pages":"995 - 1007"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149098549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Investigation of Comparative High-Temperature Oxidation Behavior in Fe–2.2Si and Fe–6.5Si Alloys","authors":"Zhiwei Li, Haoran Jiang, Borui Zhang, Shili Zhu, Yongheng Xu, Xiaojiang Liu, Tao Jia","doi":"10.1134/S0036029526600252","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0036029526600252","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The differences in oxidation behavior between Fe–2.2Si and Fe–6.5Si were studied under air conditions at oxidation temperatures of 600~1150°C for 2 h. The microstructure and composition of the oxide layers were analyzed using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and other analytical techniques. Results indicate that the oxide layer of Fe–2.2Si was composed of internal oxidation layer and external oxidation layer. The thickness of the oxide layer gradually increased with rising temperature and exhibited nodulation at certain temperatures. Fe–6.5Si did not exhibit nodulation, and its oxide layer was uniformly composed of external oxidation. Below 1150°C, the oxide layer thickness remained thin, approximately 1–2 μm. For both alloys, the oxide layer thickness drastically increases at 1150°C, corresponding to the melting point of Fe<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>4</sub>. This is attributed to the promotion of Fe ion outward diffusion by liquefied Fe<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>4</sub>. The critical Si concentration for the transition from internal to external oxidation was calculated for both alloys. The calculated critical value for the Fe–2.2Si alloy is slightly lower than its actual Si concentration, while that for the Fe–6.5Si alloy is much lower than its actual Si.</p>","PeriodicalId":769,"journal":{"name":"Russian Metallurgy (Metally)","volume":"2026 6","pages":"955 - 968"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149098553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. V. Yushchuk, A. A. Komissarov, A. S. Tsvetkov, D. V. Kudashov, K. A. Konovalova, A. V. Muntin, A. V. Chervonnyi, S. Z. Masharipov, E. D. Dolgach
{"title":"Resistance of Pipeline Tubes Containing 1–13% Cr to Hydrogen Action","authors":"V. V. Yushchuk, A. A. Komissarov, A. S. Tsvetkov, D. V. Kudashov, K. A. Konovalova, A. V. Muntin, A. V. Chervonnyi, S. Z. Masharipov, E. D. Dolgach","doi":"10.1134/S0036029526701053","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0036029526701053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Abstract</b>—Structure, mechanical properties, and resistance to hydrogen embrittlement of experimental pipeline steels of 1Cr–Mn–Nb–V, 3Cr–Mn–Nb–V, 5Cr–Mn–Nb–Ti, 9Cr–Mo–Ni–Nb–V–Ti, and 13Cr‒2Ni–Nb–V alloying systems are studied in a gaseous hydrogen environment at various heart treatment modes including single or double quenching and tempering. The heat treatment modes used is shown to allow one to form a homogeneous structure with a fine-dispersed strengthening phase distributed uniformly in steels 1Cr–Mn–Nb–V, 3Cr–Mn–Nb–V, 5Cr–Mn–Nb–Ti, Plastic properties of these steels in the hydrogen environment at pressure of 7 MPa do not change and the strength properties decrease no more than by 10–12%; in this case, the steel fracture mechanism is tough. In 9Cr–Mo–Ni–Nb–V–Ti, and 13Cr–2Ni–Nb—V steels, plastic properties decrease after tests in hydrogen environment by 28 and 24%, respectively, and they fracture by the ductile–brittle mechanism.</p>","PeriodicalId":769,"journal":{"name":"Russian Metallurgy (Metally)","volume":"2026 5","pages":"881 - 888"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149098905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"From Microstructure to Service Failure: A Review of Corrosion Resistance Testing Methods for Super Duplex Stainless Steel Welded Joints","authors":"Hongjun Yuan, Ye Hong, Wanli Qi","doi":"10.1134/S0036029526600288","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0036029526600288","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Super duplex stainless steel (SDSS) offers excellent corrosion resistance due to its balanced ferrite–austenite microstructure. However, welding disrupts this balance, leading to phase imbalance, secondary phase precipitation, and elemental segregation, which degrade joint performance. This review examines corrosion mechanisms and testing methods for SDSS welded joints from a materials science perspective. It describes the duplex microstructure, analyzes the influence of welding processes on microstructural evolution and corrosion resistance, and systematically reviews testing methods by corrosion type, including critical pitting temperature tests, electrochemical techniques, chemical immersion tests, and slow strain rate tests for pitting, intergranular, stress corrosion cracking, and selective corrosion. Current limitations and future directions are discussed, focusing on in situ monitoring, machine learning-assisted prediction, and multi-scale correlation. This review provides a systematic reference for quality control and corrosion assessment of SDSS welded joints.</p>","PeriodicalId":769,"journal":{"name":"Russian Metallurgy (Metally)","volume":"2026 6","pages":"975 - 984"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149098907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. S. Baikin, S. V. Konushkin, E. O. Nasakina, M. A. Kaplan, V. K. Zhidkov, Ya. A. Morozova, M. A. Sudarchikova, K. V. Sergienko, M. A. Sevost’yanov, A. G. Kolmakov
{"title":"Microstructure and Mechanical Performance of Ti–20Nb–xTa (x = 5–9 at %) Alloys","authors":"A. S. Baikin, S. V. Konushkin, E. O. Nasakina, M. A. Kaplan, V. K. Zhidkov, Ya. A. Morozova, M. A. Sudarchikova, K. V. Sergienko, M. A. Sevost’yanov, A. G. Kolmakov","doi":"10.1134/S0036029526700941","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0036029526700941","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Abstract</b>‒The influence of tantalum (5–9 at %) and type of thermal treatment on the phase composition, microstructure, and mechanical performance of biocompatible Ti–20Nb–Ta alloys has been studied. It has been found that quenching from 800°C considerably increases the α\"-martensite fraction in alloys containing 5–7 at % Ta. The martensite fraction is maximal (89.5%) in Ti–20Nb–7Ta alloy. In alloys with 8–9 at % Ta, the stable β-phase has observed after quenching. It has been shown that quenched Ti–20Nb–6Ta and Ti‒20Nb–7Ta alloys demonstrate the highest ductility (elongation about 22%) and Ti–20Nb–7Ta and Ti‒20Nb–8Ta alloys have the lowest yield stress (206 and 170 MPa, respectively). In cyclic tests, Ti–20Nb–7Ta alloy shows the best superelasticity behavior. This fact, in combination with optimal mechanical properties, makes this alloy promising for medical implants.</p>","PeriodicalId":769,"journal":{"name":"Russian Metallurgy (Metally)","volume":"2026 5","pages":"790 - 796"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149098962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}