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Bulk and Surface Hydrogenation Kinetics and Structure Formation in a VT22 Titanium Alloy VT22钛合金体积和表面氢化动力学及结构形成
IF 0.4
Russian Metallurgy (Metally) Pub Date : 2025-03-14 DOI: 10.1134/S0036029524702549
S. V. Skvortsova, A. V. Shalin, O. N. Gvozdeva, A. S. Stepushin, G. T. Zainetdinova
{"title":"Bulk and Surface Hydrogenation Kinetics and Structure Formation in a VT22 Titanium Alloy","authors":"S. V. Skvortsova,&nbsp;A. V. Shalin,&nbsp;O. N. Gvozdeva,&nbsp;A. S. Stepushin,&nbsp;G. T. Zainetdinova","doi":"10.1134/S0036029524702549","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0036029524702549","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Abstract</b>—The hydrogenation kinetics of a two-phase VT22 titanium alloy (Ti–5.5Al–4.3V–4.2Mo–0.8Cr–0.8Fe) is investigated depending on saturation conditions. This study demonstrates that the depth of hydrogen penetration and the completeness of the α → β transformation can be varied by controlling the concentration and time parameters of hydrogenation annealing. Furthermore, the state of the alloy can be altered from a two-phase (α + β) to a single-phase β state. Barrier coatings can be employed to regulate the direction of hydrogen penetration, thereby creating a unidirectional gradient structure. The hydrogen penetration depth of unidirectional surface hydrogenation is shown to be 1 mm greater than that of equidirectional surface hydrogenation. The rate of hydrogen absorption is found to be 1.2 times lower during surface unidirectional hydrogenation than during volumetric hydrogenation. Furthermore, the hydrogen content in the surface layer is 0.2 wt % higher than the hydrogen concentration per sample volume.</p>","PeriodicalId":769,"journal":{"name":"Russian Metallurgy (Metally)","volume":"2024 6","pages":"1416 - 1422"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Two-Level Ultrasonic Cleaning of the Hidden Cavities of a Heat-Exchange Unit Produced by Additive Technology 用增材制造的换热装置内隐腔的两级超声清洗
IF 0.4
Russian Metallurgy (Metally) Pub Date : 2025-03-14 DOI: 10.1134/S0036029524702331
Yu. D. Koziner, D. A. Kravtsov, A. A. Pozhidaev, A. A. Basov, S. V. Evstratov
{"title":"Two-Level Ultrasonic Cleaning of the Hidden Cavities of a Heat-Exchange Unit Produced by Additive Technology","authors":"Yu. D. Koziner,&nbsp;D. A. Kravtsov,&nbsp;A. A. Pozhidaev,&nbsp;A. A. Basov,&nbsp;S. V. Evstratov","doi":"10.1134/S0036029524702331","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0036029524702331","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A method of two-level ultrasonic cleaning, its implementation, and equipment are considered. Experimental results are presented, and the efficiency of using this type of cleaning for post-processing of the internal surfaces of an aluminum alloy heat exchanger produced by selective laser melting is estimated.</p>","PeriodicalId":769,"journal":{"name":"Russian Metallurgy (Metally)","volume":"2024 6","pages":"1274 - 1277"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of a Filler Wire on the Structure and Properties of the Plasma-Welded Joints of 1565chM Alloy Sheets 填充焊丝对1565chM合金等离子焊接接头组织和性能的影响
IF 0.4
Russian Metallurgy (Metally) Pub Date : 2025-03-14 DOI: 10.1134/S0036029524702343
V. V. Ovchinnikov, A. M. Drits, R. N. Rastopchin
{"title":"Effect of a Filler Wire on the Structure and Properties of the Plasma-Welded Joints of 1565chM Alloy Sheets","authors":"V. V. Ovchinnikov,&nbsp;A. M. Drits,&nbsp;R. N. Rastopchin","doi":"10.1134/S0036029524702343","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0036029524702343","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The effect of a filler wire on the structure and mechanical properties of the butt joints of 7-mm-thick 1565сhM alloy sheets made by plasma hollow anode welding is studied. The introduction of 0.17–0.25% scandium into a filler wire containing 5.6–6.2% Mg decreases the coefficient of cracking, significantly increases the critical strain rate of an MVTU sample during welding, and increases the ultimate tensile strength and impact toughness of the weld metal. The grain size in the weld metal decreases substantially.</p>","PeriodicalId":769,"journal":{"name":"Russian Metallurgy (Metally)","volume":"2024 6","pages":"1278 - 1284"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Operation of Water-Cooled Elements in Electric Arc Furnaces 电弧炉中水冷元件的操作
IF 0.4
Russian Metallurgy (Metally) Pub Date : 2025-03-14 DOI: 10.1134/S003602952470246X
V. V. Zolotarev, A. I. Aliferov, V. D. Kochkin, V. A. Serikov
{"title":"Operation of Water-Cooled Elements in Electric Arc Furnaces","authors":"V. V. Zolotarev,&nbsp;A. I. Aliferov,&nbsp;V. D. Kochkin,&nbsp;V. A. Serikov","doi":"10.1134/S003602952470246X","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S003602952470246X","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The works that consider the modeling of the thermal, hydrodynamic, and thermomechanical processes occurring in the water-cooled elements of electric arc furnaces (EAFs) are reviewed, and recommendations for the design and operation of water-cooled panels are made. The specific heat flows that are incident on the surfaces of the water-cooled elements used in EAFs and re given in the works are generalized.</p>","PeriodicalId":769,"journal":{"name":"Russian Metallurgy (Metally)","volume":"2024 6","pages":"1365 - 1371"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of Zone Melting Conditions on the Structure and Mechanical Properties of Casting Rods of a Near-Eutectic Co Alloy 区域熔炼条件对近共晶Co合金铸棒组织和力学性能的影响
IF 0.4
Russian Metallurgy (Metally) Pub Date : 2025-03-14 DOI: 10.1134/S0036029524702422
A. A. Alpatov, V. V. Molokanov, A. V. Krutilin, N. A. Palii, M. A. Kaplan, T. R. Chueva, P. P. Umnov
{"title":"Effect of Zone Melting Conditions on the Structure and Mechanical Properties of Casting Rods of a Near-Eutectic Co Alloy","authors":"A. A. Alpatov,&nbsp;V. V. Molokanov,&nbsp;A. V. Krutilin,&nbsp;N. A. Palii,&nbsp;M. A. Kaplan,&nbsp;T. R. Chueva,&nbsp;P. P. Umnov","doi":"10.1134/S0036029524702422","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0036029524702422","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Abstract</b>—The structure and mechanical properties of casting rods of Co alloy 84KKhSR subjected to zone melting (ZM) under different conditions are studied using bending and compression tests. The optimum ZM conditions, namely, a melt zone temperature of 1150°C and a speed of melt zone movement through an inductor of 10 mm/min are determined based on three-point bending test data. These conditions are noted to ensure the maximum strength (<span>(sigma _{{text{u}}}^{{{text{bend}}}})</span> = 1970 MPa) and elastic deflection of sample; a fine eutectic structurally strengthened with longitudinally oriented dendrites forms in a rod. A high compression strength of 2300–2600 MPa and the hyperelasticity effect are shown to form at a melt temperature of 1150°C and a speed of melt zone movement of 1–20 mm/min. The elastic deformation is 2–3%, and the total reversible deformation can reach 6%; plastic deformation traces are absent. Prospects for the use of high strength hyperelastic cast near-eutectic rods are shown.</p>","PeriodicalId":769,"journal":{"name":"Russian Metallurgy (Metally)","volume":"2024 6","pages":"1341 - 1345"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Properties of the Coatings Produced by Plasma–Powder Deposition of an Electroerosion R18 Steel Waste Powder 电蚀R18废钢粉末等离子体沉积制备涂层的性能研究
IF 0.4
Russian Metallurgy (Metally) Pub Date : 2025-03-14 DOI: 10.1134/S0036029524702537
N. N. Karpenko, G. R. Latypova, R. A. Latypov, L. P. Andreeva
{"title":"Properties of the Coatings Produced by Plasma–Powder Deposition of an Electroerosion R18 Steel Waste Powder","authors":"N. N. Karpenko,&nbsp;G. R. Latypova,&nbsp;R. A. Latypov,&nbsp;L. P. Andreeva","doi":"10.1134/S0036029524702537","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0036029524702537","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Abstract</b>—The use of effective technologies and high-quality materials and the reduction of production costs are the main challenges for competitive domestic agricultural and automobile transport enterprises; therefore, the renovation of car parts and agricultural machinery from high–quality secondary materials is a priority direction in their development. The purpose of this work is to study a coating formed by plasma–powder deposition of a powder created by the electroerosion dispersion of R18steel waste. (Experimental) 40Kh steel rounded samples 40 mm in diameter are used as a substrate for plasma–powder surfacing. Scanning electron microscopy is used to determine the elemental composition of the formed coating. An Olympus GX51 optical microscope is used to determine porosity. The Vickers microhardness of the samples is determined using a DM-8 automatic microhardness analysis system. The friction coefficient of the surface of a plasma–powder coated sample was measured on a special-purpose Tribometer friction machine. (Results and discussion) The results of tribological tests of the friction surface of samples made of 40Kh steel and a plasma–powder coating from a mixture of 50% PZhV5 iron powder and 50% R18 steel waste powder indicate a high friction coefficient of the latter. The wear is characterized by smoothing the solid surface protrusions of a sample. (Conclusions) The equal ratio of PZhV5 and R18 powders in the mechanical mixture is found to be optimal. The main elements of the plasma–powder coating formed at this ratio of powders in a mechanical mixture are iron, oxygen, carbon, tungsten, and molybdenum. The average microhardness of the 40Kh steel base is 2.1 times lower than that of the coating. At a path of 500 meters, the average friction coefficient of the deposited coating is 0.146 and that of the base is 0.486.</p>","PeriodicalId":769,"journal":{"name":"Russian Metallurgy (Metally)","volume":"2024 6","pages":"1410 - 1415"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Laser Welding of EK-61 Powder Alloy Parts Produced by Direct Laser Growth 直接激光生长法制备EK-61粉末合金零件的激光焊接
IF 0.4
Russian Metallurgy (Metally) Pub Date : 2025-03-14 DOI: 10.1134/S0036029524702355
R. A. Latypov, D. K. Starovoitov, G. R. Latypova, K. I. Nedashkovskii
{"title":"Laser Welding of EK-61 Powder Alloy Parts Produced by Direct Laser Growth","authors":"R. A. Latypov,&nbsp;D. K. Starovoitov,&nbsp;G. R. Latypova,&nbsp;K. I. Nedashkovskii","doi":"10.1134/S0036029524702355","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0036029524702355","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The effect of laser welding conditions on the physicomechanical properties of parts made by direct laser growth from an EK-61 powder alloy is studied. The results of metallographic studies of the weld and the near-weld zone are presented. The possibility of formation of a high-quality weld by laser welding of such products is shown. The number of passes is found to affect the weld quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":769,"journal":{"name":"Russian Metallurgy (Metally)","volume":"2024 6","pages":"1285 - 1290"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of Exogenous Refractory Nanoparticles on Copper Removal from Iron Melts and the Influence of the Nanoparticles on the Capillary Properties of the Metal 外源难降解纳米颗粒对铁熔体除铜的影响及其对金属毛细性能的影响
IF 0.4
Russian Metallurgy (Metally) Pub Date : 2025-03-14 DOI: 10.1134/S0036029524702380
V. T. Burtsev, S. N. Anuchkin, A. V. Samokhin
{"title":"Effect of Exogenous Refractory Nanoparticles on Copper Removal from Iron Melts and the Influence of the Nanoparticles on the Capillary Properties of the Metal","authors":"V. T. Burtsev,&nbsp;S. N. Anuchkin,&nbsp;A. V. Samokhin","doi":"10.1134/S0036029524702380","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0036029524702380","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The thermodynamic calculations on the dissociation of the compounds, copper evaporation processes, and literature data on metal–ceramic wetting are used to substantiate the choice of refractory nanophases. The reactions of the Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and MgAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles with the surfactant (copper) in the model Fe‒Cu melts and alloyed steel are studied. The maximum degree of Cu removal is found to be 24 rel. % in the Fe–Cu system and 23 rel. % in the 12Kh18N10T steel, depending on the residence time of the nanoparticles in the melt. The capillary properties are studied by the sessile drop method. The introduction of the nanoparticles into the Fe–Cu melt is shown to result in the inversion of the ∂σ/∂<i>T</i> coefficient and density compression as compared to those for pure iron.</p>","PeriodicalId":769,"journal":{"name":"Russian Metallurgy (Metally)","volume":"2024 6","pages":"1306 - 1315"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of Carbon in a Metal and Coke Additives to a Slag before Oxidation Vacuum Degassing of 08Kh18N10 Steel on the Chromium Losses 08Kh18N10钢氧化真空脱气前金属碳和炉渣中添加焦炭对铬损失的影响
IF 0.4
Russian Metallurgy (Metally) Pub Date : 2025-03-14 DOI: 10.1134/S0036029524702306
E. V. Muratov, S. V. Podkur, A. E. Semin, G. I. Kotel’nikov, V. A. Durynin
{"title":"Effect of Carbon in a Metal and Coke Additives to a Slag before Oxidation Vacuum Degassing of 08Kh18N10 Steel on the Chromium Losses","authors":"E. V. Muratov,&nbsp;S. V. Podkur,&nbsp;A. E. Semin,&nbsp;G. I. Kotel’nikov,&nbsp;V. A. Durynin","doi":"10.1134/S0036029524702306","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0036029524702306","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Abstract</b>—The behavior of chromium during vacuum oxygen refining of 08Kh18N10 steel is subjected to thermodynamic and statistical analysis. This analysis demonstrates that an increase in the concentration of carbon dissolved in a metal by 0.2% and the rejection of carbon additives to a slag can save up to 3.44 kg chromium/t steel.</p>","PeriodicalId":769,"journal":{"name":"Russian Metallurgy (Metally)","volume":"2024 6","pages":"1252 - 1261"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Protective Coating for Restoring the Operability of Gas Turbine Engine Blades with Allowance for Their Service-Induced Damage 用于恢复燃气涡轮发动机叶片可操作性并考虑其使用损伤的防护涂层
IF 0.4
Russian Metallurgy (Metally) Pub Date : 2025-03-14 DOI: 10.1134/S0036029524702483
Yu. V. Petrov, V. M. Samoilenko, O. A. Ratenko, E. V. Samoilenko
{"title":"Protective Coating for Restoring the Operability of Gas Turbine Engine Blades with Allowance for Their Service-Induced Damage","authors":"Yu. V. Petrov,&nbsp;V. M. Samoilenko,&nbsp;O. A. Ratenko,&nbsp;E. V. Samoilenko","doi":"10.1134/S0036029524702483","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0036029524702483","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The causes of destruction of a thermal barrier coating on gas turbine engine turbine blades are studied, and the mechanism of its destruction has been revealed. A method for inhibiting the mechanism of oxide film growth at the ceramic layer–metal sublayer interface decomposition is presented. An improved metallic sublayer is proposed for the restoration of gas turbine engine turbine blades with allowance for their operational damage. The results of comparative studies of the heat resistances and thermophysical properties of various coatings are presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":769,"journal":{"name":"Russian Metallurgy (Metally)","volume":"2024 6","pages":"1377 - 1385"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143622213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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