Prashant Sharma, Hara Prasad Pati, Pravas Chandra Mishra, Amit Kumar Dinda, Ruchika Gupta, Alok Sharma, Tony George Jacob
{"title":"Inability of immunomorphometric assessment of angiogenesis to distinguish primary versus secondary myelofibrosis.","authors":"Prashant Sharma, Hara Prasad Pati, Pravas Chandra Mishra, Amit Kumar Dinda, Ruchika Gupta, Alok Sharma, Tony George Jacob","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the utility of bone marrow (BM) angiogenesis in differentiating primary myelofibrosis (PMF) from secondary myelofibrosis (MF).</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>CD34 immunostaining was performed on BM biopsies from 21 PMFs, 23 non-PMF myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) with associated MF, 20 secondary MF samples, and 10 nonfibrotic controls. Microvessel density (MVD) and microvessel surface area (MSA), along with blood and BM findings were compared between the groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The post-MPN MF cases included chronic myeloid leukemia-MF and polycythemia vera-MF. Etiologies of secondary MF were metastatic carcinomas, non-MPN hematologic malignancies, tuberculosis, autoimmune MF, and osteopetrosis. Megakaryocytic clustering was the most frequent and intrasinusoidal hematopoiesis the most specific feature of PMF. Higher reticulin grade, collagenization, and osteomyelosclerosis were commoner in PMF. MVD and MSA were significantly increased in fibrotic marrows regardless of etiology. Although mean MVD as well as MSA were highest in PMF, extensive overlaps among groups and marked heterogeneity in the secondary MF group rendered them of limited utility in the differential diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Enhanced angiogenesis is not entirely specific for PMF. Overlaps with secondary MF limits its differential diagnostic utility. Pathogenetically, our findings suggest that enhanced angiogenesis is a secondary paraneoplastic stromal response shared by various unrelated conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":76995,"journal":{"name":"Analytical and quantitative cytology and histology","volume":"33 4","pages":"236-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30193147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multifractal spectrum of chorionic villi: a novel approach.","authors":"Pranab Dey","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To measure the multifractal dimension in histopathology sections of chorionic villi to study its role to distinguish between normal chorionic villi and hydatidiform mole.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Multifractal spectrum was measured in 10 each cases of normal chorionic villi and hydatidiform mole. The values of alpha max and alpha min and their difference Delta alpha (alpha max--alpha min) were recorded in each case. The data for these groups were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean +/- SD of alpha max, alpha min, and Delta alpha (alpha max--alpha min) of normal chorionic villi were 2.6335 +/- 0.16109, 1.6975 +/- 0.04435, and 0.9360 +/- 0.12725, respectively. Whereas the mean +/- SD of alpha max, alpha min, and Delta of hydatidiform moles were 2.3196 +/- 0.11937, 1.6209 +/- 0.06208, and 0.7000 +/- 0.08350, respectively. The mean alpha max, alpha min, and Delta alpha of normal chorionic villi were much higher than for hydatidiform mole. Independent sample t-test shows significant difference (p < 0.001) in alpha max, alpha min, and Delta alpha of normal chorionic villi and hydatidiform mole.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Multifractal dimension was significantly different in normal chorionic villi and hydatidiform mole.</p>","PeriodicalId":76995,"journal":{"name":"Analytical and quantitative cytology and histology","volume":"33 4","pages":"211-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30191913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michael W Kilpatrick, Christine E Sheehan, William A Marganski, Triantafyllos Tafas, Merrill S Ross, Jeffrey S Ross
{"title":"Determination of HER2 gene status by fully automated fluorescence microscopy.","authors":"Michael W Kilpatrick, Christine E Sheehan, William A Marganski, Triantafyllos Tafas, Merrill S Ross, Jeffrey S Ross","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in HER2 amplification in response rates to trastuzumab therapy and both taxane and anthracycline-based chemotherapy regimens.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>A total of 400 tumor sections were analyzed over an 8-month period. The sections were hybridized with probes for the HER2 gene and chromosome 17 centromere using standard FISH methods and analyzed on an automated fluorescence microscopy system.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Reliable and valid methods for identification of the patients that will respond to treatment with trastuzumab are needed in order to achieve maximum therapy efficacy and maintain cost efficiency. FISH-based analysis is potentially an objective and reproducible approach to determination of HER2 gene status; however, manual FISH counting is a laborious task and subject to inter and intraobserver variability.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The system described in this paper is a valuable tool in providing a consistent approach to the interpretation of breast tumor tissue analyzed by FISH analysis. In addition to consistency, an automated system provides a record of the images produced that can be of immediate benefit in multiple review of a difficult or equivocal case and long-term benefit in terms of providing a permanent case record.</p>","PeriodicalId":76995,"journal":{"name":"Analytical and quantitative cytology and histology","volume":"33 4","pages":"205-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30191912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rosalia Ricco, Teresa Lettini, Nicola Arpaia, Tiziana Valente, Giuseppe Ingravallo, Maria Lucia Vurro, Raffaella De Pascalis, Vittorio Pesce Delfino
{"title":"Analytical and dimensional morphometry in early diagnosis cutaneous melanoma with dermoscopic images.","authors":"Rosalia Ricco, Teresa Lettini, Nicola Arpaia, Tiziana Valente, Giuseppe Ingravallo, Maria Lucia Vurro, Raffaella De Pascalis, Vittorio Pesce Delfino","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To give to the clinician an objective numerical assessment tool to evaluate melanomas so that a diagnosis can be reached with the assistance of computerized procedures.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>The approach adopted for differential diagnosis of melanomas and nevi considers diverse morphologic characteristics intrinsic to the lesions, that is, shape, size, and symmetry in total independence of pigmentation, and proposes that this information can be evaluated quantitatively and separately by morphometric procedures with statistically valid independent numeric variables that guarantee objectivity and, from a method point of view, consistency.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results show that the differential diagnosis on malignant and benign lesions is made on five variables, which all describe the fine irregularities of the contour and have a high significance in comparing melanomas to nevi.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The multivariate discriminant analysis demonstrates the ability of the analytic variables to discriminate 88% of the lesions, rising to 90% if two-dimensional variables are included.</p>","PeriodicalId":76995,"journal":{"name":"Analytical and quantitative cytology and histology","volume":"33 4","pages":"229-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30193146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ilambarthi Lokamani, Mee-Lee Looi, Siti Aishah Md Ali, Ahmad Zailani Hatta Mohd Dali, Rahman Jamal
{"title":"Clusterin as a potential marker in distinguishing cervical neoplasia.","authors":"Ilambarthi Lokamani, Mee-Lee Looi, Siti Aishah Md Ali, Ahmad Zailani Hatta Mohd Dali, Rahman Jamal","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the immunoexpression of clusterin (CLU) in the progression of cervical neoplasia.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>A total of 127 paraffin sections of cervical tissue consisting of normal cervical tissue, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) lesions, cervical squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs), and adenocarcinoma of the cervix were examined by immunohistochemistry. The findings were evaluated in relation to clinicopathologic factors including grade of differentiation and lymph node involvement.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Immunopositivity of CLU was found in the cytoplasm of dysplastic cells, SCCs, and normal epithelium of the endocervical gland. There was negative expression in adenocarcinoma. High expression of CLU was found in CIN 3 compared to CIN 1 and CIN 2. The immunoreactivity of CLU was found in 95% of SCCs. The staining was positive in the upper 2/3 layers of the dysplastic epithelium for CIN 3 and showed a cluster pattern in cervical SCCs. There was no significant correlation between CLU immunoreactivity and lymph node involvement, as well as grade of differentiation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The overexpression of CLU in various stages of cervical lesions may serve as a potential marker to distinguish cervical neoplasia with borderline morphology features.</p>","PeriodicalId":76995,"journal":{"name":"Analytical and quantitative cytology and histology","volume":"33 4","pages":"223-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30193145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hai-Shan Wu, Feng-Qiang Wang, Yoel Smicun, David Fishman
{"title":"Recognition of linear stress fibers based on Hough transform.","authors":"Hai-Shan Wu, Feng-Qiang Wang, Yoel Smicun, David Fishman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To present an algorithm based on Hough transform for recognition and extraction of linear stress fibers formed on exposure to lysophosphatidic acid (LPA).</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>A ridge set of head points with lower shoulders is calculated, followed by a thinning process shrinking long, narrow regions to regions of single pixel thickness, then converted into a rectangular map whose value is the number of regional points in the path of a straight line at the angle and intercept determined by two coordinates. The location of the maximum in the map is sought, and the corresponding line with an unlimited length is constructed from the paired coordinates. We removed the line before repeating the process for the next longest straight line, continuing until all lines with reasonable lengths are extracted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Application of the algorithm to the stress fiber images of DOV13 cells stained with Texas red-phalloidin on LPA and AG1478 demonstrates close matches between stress fibers in the original images and linear lines.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>An algorithm for recognition of linear stress fibers formed on exposure to LPA is described and applications to stress fiber images using DOV13 cells with Texas red-phalloidin staining are demonstrated.</p>","PeriodicalId":76995,"journal":{"name":"Analytical and quantitative cytology and histology","volume":"33 3","pages":"121-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30191382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gionata De Vico, Marielda Cataldi, Paola Maiolino, Francesca Carella, Stefano Beltraminelli, Gabriele A Losa
{"title":"Fractal pattern of canine trichoblastoma.","authors":"Gionata De Vico, Marielda Cataldi, Paola Maiolino, Francesca Carella, Stefano Beltraminelli, Gabriele A Losa","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess by fractal analysis the specific architecture, growth pattern, and tissue distribution that characterize subtypes of canine trichoblastoma, a benign tumor derived from or reduplicating the primitive hair germ of embryonic follicular development.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Tumor masks and outlines obtained from immunohistologic images by gray threshold segmentation of epithelial components were analyzed by fractal and conventional morphometry. The fractal dimension [FD] of each investigated case was determined from the slope of the regression line describing the fractal region within a bi-asymptotic curve experimentally established.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All tumor masks and outlines obtained by gray threshold segmentation of epithelial components showed fractal self-similar properties that were evaluated by peculiar FDs. However, only masks revealed significantly different FD values, ranging from 1.75 to 1.85, enabling the discrimination of canine trichoblastoma subtypes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The FD data suggest that an iterative morphogenetic process, involving both the air germ and associated dermal papilla, may be responsible of the peculiar tissue architecture of trichoblastoma. The present study emphasized the reliability of fractal analysis in achieving the objective characterization of canine trichoblastoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":76995,"journal":{"name":"Analytical and quantitative cytology and histology","volume":"33 3","pages":"151-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30191385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shawna Noy, Euvgeni Vlodavsky, Geula Klorin, Karen Drumea, Ofer Ben Izhak, Eli Shor, Edmond Sabo
{"title":"Computerized morphometry as an aid in distinguishing recurrent versus nonrecurrent meningiomas.","authors":"Shawna Noy, Euvgeni Vlodavsky, Geula Klorin, Karen Drumea, Ofer Ben Izhak, Eli Shor, Edmond Sabo","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To use novel digital and morphometric methods to identify variables able to better predict the recurrence of intracranial meningiomas.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Histologic images from 30 previously diagnosed meningioma tumors that recurred over 10 years of follow-up were consecutively selected from the Rambam Pathology Archives. Images were captured and morphometrically analyzed. Novel algorithms of digital pattern recognition using Fourier transformation and fractal and nuclear texture analyses were applied to evaluate the overall growth pattern complexity of the tumors, as well as the chromatin texture of individual tumor nuclei. The extracted parameters were then correlated with patient prognosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Kaplan-Meier analyses revealed statistically significant associations between tumor morphometric parameters and recurrence times. Tumors with less nuclear orientation, more nuclear density, higher fractal dimension, and less regular chromatin textures tended to recur faster than those with a higher degree of nuclear order, less pattern complexity, lower density, and more homogeneous chromatin nuclear textures (p < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>To our knowledge, these digital morphometric methods were used for the first time to accurately predict tumor recurrence in patients with intracranial meningiomas. The use of these methods may bring additional valuable information to the clinician regarding the optimal management of these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":76995,"journal":{"name":"Analytical and quantitative cytology and histology","volume":"33 3","pages":"141-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30191384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cytologic difference between benignity and malignancy in suspicious cases employing urine cytodiagnosis using a liquid-based method.","authors":"Kiyotada Washiya, Tatsusuke Sato, Tomisato Miura, Kiyosi Tone, Keiko Kojima, Jun Watanabe, Hiroshi Kijima","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To follow cases with atypical cells or suspicious cases on first examination by liquid-based cytology (LBC), comparing cases that became negative and those confirmed to be positive (urothelial carcinoma) with regard to the cell morphology.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Urine cytology was performed employing LBC in 323 samples. Of 75 suspicious cases on first examination, 5 and 8 cases were identified with (positive) and without (negative) cancer on reexamination, respectively. Cell morphology was investigated in the first suspicious preparations of these cases.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fewer cells were present in the samples of negative cases, and atypia was generally weak. The nuclei were swollen and pale, and hyperchromatism was weak. In contrast, in positive cases, nuclear swelling, flattening, shrinkage, and pale staining were less marked compared with those in negative cases. The nuclei were hyperchromatic and irregular in many cases. Nuclear cannibalism, multinucleation, anisokaryosis, three-dimensionality, and an irregular arrangement were considered to be features strongly suggesting malignancy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The efficiency of diagnosis employing the LBC is high because of the cell collection rate. It was shown that the accuracy of diagnoses made employing the LBC method can be increased by understanding the characteristics of the cell morphology in suspicious cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":76995,"journal":{"name":"Analytical and quantitative cytology and histology","volume":"33 3","pages":"169-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30191908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Petros Karakitsos, Abraham Pouliakis, Christos Meristoudis, Niki Margari, Dimitrios Kassanos, Maria Kyrgiou, John G Panayiotides, Evangelos Paraskevaidis
{"title":"A preliminary study of the potential of tree classifiers in triage of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions.","authors":"Petros Karakitsos, Abraham Pouliakis, Christos Meristoudis, Niki Margari, Dimitrios Kassanos, Maria Kyrgiou, John G Panayiotides, Evangelos Paraskevaidis","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the potential value of tree classifiers for the triage of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>The dataset comprised 808 histologically confirmed cases having a complete range of the cytologic sample assessments--liquid-based cytology, reflex human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA test, E6/E7 HPV mRNA test, and p16 immunocytochemical examinations. Data include 488 histologically negative (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia [CIN] 1 and below) or clinically negative cases and 320 with histologic diagnosis of CIN 2 or worse. Cytologic diagnosis was made according to the criteria of the Bethesda System. Cases were classified in two groups according to histology: those with CIN 2 or worse and those with CIN 1 and below. Fifty percent were randomly selected as a training set and the remaining were as a test set.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Application of tree classifier on the test set gave correct classification of 66.9% for CIN 2 and above cases and 97.3% for CIN 1 and below, producing overall accuracy of 91.5%, outperforming cytologic diagnosis alone.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Application of tree classifiers, based on standard cytologic diagnosis and expression of studied biomarkers, produces improved classification results for cervical precancerous lesions and cancer diagnosis and</p>","PeriodicalId":76995,"journal":{"name":"Analytical and quantitative cytology and histology","volume":"33 3","pages":"132-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30191383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}