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Social science & medicine. Medical economics最新文献

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Planning primary health services from a body count? 根据死亡人数规划初级卫生服务?
Social science & medicine. Medical economics Pub Date : 1980-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/0160-7995(80)90032-5
Jean-Pierre Habicht, Peter A. Berman
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引用次数: 12
Selective primary health care: An interim strategy for disease control in developing countries 选择性初级卫生保健:发展中国家疾病控制的临时战略
Social science & medicine. Medical economics Pub Date : 1980-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/0160-7995(80)90034-9
Julia A. Walsh, Kenneth S. Warren
{"title":"Selective primary health care: An interim strategy for disease control in developing countries","authors":"Julia A. Walsh,&nbsp;Kenneth S. Warren","doi":"10.1016/0160-7995(80)90034-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0160-7995(80)90034-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Priorities among the infectious diseases affecting the three billion people in the less developed world have been based on prevalence, morbidity, mortality and feasibility of control. With these priorities in mind a program of selective primary health care is compared with other approaches and suggested as the most cost-effective form of medical intervention in the least developed countries. A flexible program delivered by either fixed or mobile units might include measles and diptheria-pertussis-tetanus vaccination, treatment for febrile malaria and oral rehydration for diarrhea in children, and tetanus toxoid and encouragement of breast feeding in mothers. Other interventions might be added on the basis of regional needs and new developments. For major diseases for which control measures are inadequate, research is an inexpensive approach on the basis of cost per infected person per year.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":76948,"journal":{"name":"Social science & medicine. Medical economics","volume":"14 2","pages":"Pages 145-163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0160-7995(80)90034-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18416273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 161
Health and the assault on poverty in low income countries 低收入国家的卫生和消除贫困问题
Social science & medicine. Medical economics Pub Date : 1980-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/0160-7995(80)90007-6
Norman C. McEvers
{"title":"Health and the assault on poverty in low income countries","authors":"Norman C. McEvers","doi":"10.1016/0160-7995(80)90007-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0160-7995(80)90007-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Absolute poverty in the developing world is partly caused and perpetuated by ill-health. But basic health improvements enable the newborn, who would formerly have perished in infancy or child-hood, to survive, thereby encouraging poor families to have fewer children. They can also benefit the productivity of the poor. Where per capita income is extremely low the diseases afflicting the poor can be prevented, reduced and permanently controlled. “Primary Health Care” (PHC) is not viable without revision of the health services system. Also, some applied research is needed to fashion PHC into a delivery mode suitable for widespread application. An attack on poverty will require increases in development assistance, together with other changes in assistance policy and procedure. The latter changes are crucial as far as health improvement and PHC in particular are concerned.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":76948,"journal":{"name":"Social science & medicine. Medical economics","volume":"14 1","pages":"Pages 41-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0160-7995(80)90007-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18454404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 21
Five common fallacies in estimating the economic gains of early discharge 估计提前出院经济收益的五个常见谬误
Social science & medicine. Medical economics Pub Date : 1980-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/0160-7995(80)90005-2
Bengt Jönsson, Björn Lindgren
{"title":"Five common fallacies in estimating the economic gains of early discharge","authors":"Bengt Jönsson,&nbsp;Björn Lindgren","doi":"10.1016/0160-7995(80)90005-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0160-7995(80)90005-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Several studies have shown that it is possible to reduce the length of stay after surgery without there being any increase in medical complications. But, there is also the question of how this will affect the total costs for medical care and therefore whether it is in fact desirable to cut down this period of hospitalization. In this article the argument for early discharge is critically examined. It is asserted that the social costs of early discharge are underestimated and the savings overestimated with the consequent risk that the overall advantages of the shorter time spent in hospital may be overempha- sized.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":76948,"journal":{"name":"Social science & medicine. Medical economics","volume":"14 1","pages":"Pages 27-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0160-7995(80)90005-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18454403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 37
Publications received 出版物收到
Social science & medicine. Medical economics Pub Date : 1980-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/0160-7995(80)90009-X
{"title":"Publications received","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/0160-7995(80)90009-X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7995(80)90009-X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76948,"journal":{"name":"Social science & medicine. Medical economics","volume":"14 1","pages":"Page 60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0160-7995(80)90009-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136937582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
American medicine: Challenge for the 1980s 美国医学:20世纪80年代的挑战
Social science & medicine. Medical economics Pub Date : 1980-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/0160-7995(80)90008-8
Robert U. Massey
{"title":"American medicine: Challenge for the 1980s","authors":"Robert U. Massey","doi":"10.1016/0160-7995(80)90008-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0160-7995(80)90008-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76948,"journal":{"name":"Social science & medicine. Medical economics","volume":"14 1","pages":"Page 59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0160-7995(80)90008-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84854404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Editorial comment 社论评论
Social science & medicine. Medical economics Pub Date : 1980-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/0160-7995(80)90002-7
David Dunlop
{"title":"Editorial comment","authors":"David Dunlop","doi":"10.1016/0160-7995(80)90002-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0160-7995(80)90002-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76948,"journal":{"name":"Social science & medicine. Medical economics","volume":"14 1","pages":"Pages I-III"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0160-7995(80)90002-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18454401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
How permanent are NHS waiting lists? NHS的等候名单有多长?
Social science & medicine. Medical economics Pub Date : 1980-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/0160-7995(80)90003-9
C.E.B. Frost
{"title":"How permanent are NHS waiting lists?","authors":"C.E.B. Frost","doi":"10.1016/0160-7995(80)90003-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0160-7995(80)90003-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A model of consultant behaviour is referred to and a hypothesis of this model (that a 1% increase in consultant numbers will lead to a 1% increase in the surgical waiting list) is tested using NHS time-series data for general surgery. The econometric formulation of the hypothesis is able to distinguish between short- and long-run effects and it is suggested that 78% of the final increase in waiting lists will have occurred within two years of the increase in consultant numbers. Although the findings of this study are not particularly encouraging for policy-makers anxious to reduce waiting lists, some possible initiatives in the area of waiting list management are assessed. It has been suggested that waiting lists exist because consultants are able to control their own work load. It follows that waiting lists will remain a problem as long as consultants are guided by an inappropriate incentive structure. Hence an admissions index or something similar should bring about a harmonization of admission policies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":76948,"journal":{"name":"Social science & medicine. Medical economics","volume":"14 1","pages":"Pages 1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0160-7995(80)90003-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18454402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 20
Toward National Health Insurance in the United States: An historical outline, 1910–1979 走向美国的国民健康保险:一个历史纲要，1910-1979
Social science & medicine. Medical economics Pub Date : 1980-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/0160-7995(80)90004-0
Terry Wimberley
{"title":"Toward National Health Insurance in the United States: An historical outline, 1910–1979","authors":"Terry Wimberley","doi":"10.1016/0160-7995(80)90004-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0160-7995(80)90004-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The paper analyzes the legislative history of the movement toward national health insurance over the last 70 years and analyzes key periods in this history in terms of the value basis upon which legislation was proposed and also in terms of the decision making theory utilized throughout this period in the provision of health care for American citizens. This analysis resulted in the following conclusions: (1) The bulk of the legislation which has come before Congress over the last 70 years has been polarized around two disparate value bases (total comprehensive and compulsory versus limited, categorical and voluntary, and two distinct decision theories—rationale versus incremental). (2) Congress and the administration have demonstrated receptivity on a limited basis to a total comprehensive and compulsory/rational approach in times of great socio-economic upheaval. (3) In times of relative stability, Congress and the administration have tended to adopt a limited, categorical and voluntary stance toward national health care and have utilized an incremental approach in deliberating health policy. (4) In that the nation has experienced more periods of stability than instability over the last 70 years, the present health care system can be understood as being the product of a limited, categorical and voluntary philosophy toward health care coupled with an incremental approach to policy formulation. (5) In that the percentage of Federal dollars spent on health care has risen from 4.3% in 1963 to 12.7% in 1978, the effectiveness of a limited, categorical and a voluntary approach to health care planning is questionable. (6) In that the Federal government has only exhibited receptivity to a total comprehensive and compulsory approach to health care planning during times of great economic and social upheaval, it seemed unlikely that the 96th Congress would respond favorably to the health care legislation proposed by Senator Edward Kennedy and the Committee for National Health Insurance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":76948,"journal":{"name":"Social science & medicine. Medical economics","volume":"14 1","pages":"Pages 13-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0160-7995(80)90004-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18050556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Cost-benefit analysis of epilepsy clinics 癫痫诊所的成本效益分析
Social science & medicine. Medical economics Pub Date : 1980-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/0160-7995(80)90006-4
Thomas Kriedel
{"title":"Cost-benefit analysis of epilepsy clinics","authors":"Thomas Kriedel","doi":"10.1016/0160-7995(80)90006-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0160-7995(80)90006-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The article provides a cost-benefit analysis of a system of epilepsy clinics to be established in West Germany. The efficacy is assessed by reference to a health status index describing the function limitations associated with epilepsy. This procedure requires the determination of the individual valuations of the function limitations as perceived by the patients and the assessment of the average length of the limitations during the occurrence of the disease. This is accomplished by use of a Markov model. Employing all the compiled data, the effectiveness of the program can be calculated as the differential gain in life-expectancy adjusted for the severity of the function limitations, the patients can expect from the new therapy. Finally, a cost benefit analysis is carried out. showing a clear advantage of the inquired system of epilepsy clinics over the existing services.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":76948,"journal":{"name":"Social science & medicine. Medical economics","volume":"14 1","pages":"Pages 35-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0160-7995(80)90006-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17830845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 17
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