{"title":"Volume 14C, 1980 list of contents and author index","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/0160-7995(80)90057-X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7995(80)90057-X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76948,"journal":{"name":"Social science & medicine. Medical economics","volume":"14 ","pages":"Pages iii-vi"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0160-7995(80)90057-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137255827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The economic implications of preventive health care","authors":"Kenneth E. Warner","doi":"10.1016/0160-7995(79)90004-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0160-7995(79)90004-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Today's cost-conscious political environment subjects the economic implications of proposed health care expenditures to careful scrutiny. This paper examines both the logic of and the evidence on preventive health care activities' ability to serve the objective of health cost containment. Following a brief introduction to benefit-cost analysis, the paper presents a prevention activity classification schema intended to clarify distinctions among the modalities of prevention and to differentiate activities with significant cost-containment potential from those which seem to offer less potential. Empirical evidence supports the conventional wisdom that primary prevention activities are frequently cost-effective, particularly when the recipient's role is relatively passive (e.g. receiving an immunization) and when the prevention measure is a public good delivered to an entire community (e.g. water fluoridation). The existing success of such traditional public health measures suggests that future prevention opportunities may lie in nontraditional activities which violate “rules” of effective health care delivery or communication of prevention information. For example, the broadcast media may prove to be a cost-effective vehicle for health education, despite the impersonal character of the media and the required “activation” of the viewer/listener.</p><p>Whatever prevention's long-run cost-containment potential might be, the near-term outlook for support of prevention activities is clouded by the budgetary myopia of the political system, the lack of a vocal constituency for prevention, and a limited base of solid understanding of the health and economic consequences of numerous prevention measures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":76948,"journal":{"name":"Social science & medicine. Medical economics","volume":"13 4","pages":"Pages 227-237"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0160-7995(79)90004-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11339029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The political economy of primary care and “health by the people”: An historical exploration","authors":"Oscar Gish","doi":"10.1016/0160-7995(79)90001-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0160-7995(79)90001-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The historical development of personal health services within the Third World, as background to the current discussion of primary health care and so-called “health by the people” efforts, is reviewed. This development is located within broader societal relationships, both at the national and international levels. It is argued that most of the Third World is in a state of advanced crisis characterized by static or even worsening life conditions for the mass of the population of those countries. The roots of this crisis lie in the colonial period, but contemporary national and international relationships are perpetuating essential characteristics of the inherited health care and other systems. Partly in response to this growing crisis, the narrow emphasis on growth of national product as the primary solution to underdevelopment has been largely replaced, at least in international discussion, by an approach that requires the meeting of everyone's basic human needs. In the health sector, primary health care and/or “health by the people” is perceived as the major vehicle for this. The paper examines some of the issues involved in the development and application of these concepts. It is concluded that in the Third World improved health is not primarily a matter of medical systems, but rather a broader question requiring better understanding of the nature of underdevelopment itself. As a consequence, all activities concerned with health must begin with the specifics of underdevelopment in particular circumstances. Only from this background will it be possible to come to grips with the issues of improved health status as well as more relevant health and medical services in the Third World. As long as it remains essentially impossible to deal seriously with existing social and property relations, so long will it remain impossible to alter significantly the health status of the world's poorest, say, one billion people.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":76948,"journal":{"name":"Social science & medicine. Medical economics","volume":"13 4","pages":"Pages 203-211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0160-7995(79)90001-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11601774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cost comparisons of forprofit and nonprofit hospitals","authors":"Carson W. Bays","doi":"10.1016/0160-7995(79)90003-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0160-7995(79)90003-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The special organizational and institutional structure of the hospital industry has implications for cost differences between forprofit and nonprofit hospitals. These implications are developed and tested on a panel of data on California hospitals for which as estimate of the cost of admitting physician services could be made. Forprofit hospitals in general are significantly less costly than nonprofits after accounting for differences in case mix, but the interpretation of this result is complicated by the possibility of systematic overtreatment of certain case types by independent, or nonchain forprofits. The paper argues that the more appropriate comparison is between nonprofits and chain forprofits. The latter type of hospital has a distribution of cases which is similar to that of nonprofits but is less costly than both nonprofit and nonchain forprofit hospitals.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":76948,"journal":{"name":"Social science & medicine. Medical economics","volume":"13 4","pages":"Pages 219-225"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0160-7995(79)90003-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11742086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}