Social science & medicine. Medical economics最新文献_第7页

Caring for the mentally handicapped child 照顾弱智儿童

Social science & medicine. Medical economics Pub Date : 1980-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/0160-7995(80)90021-0

Irene Jakab

引用次数: 0

For her own good: 150 years of the experts' advice to women 为了她自己好:150年来专家对女性的建议

Social science & medicine. Medical economics Pub Date : 1980-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/0160-7995(80)90020-9

Barbara J. Harris

引用次数: 23

The role of health in development 健康在发展中的作用

Social science & medicine. Medical economics Pub Date : 1980-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/0160-7995(80)90035-0

Robert N. Grosse , Oscar Harkavy

引用次数: 16

Outline of national primary health care system development: A framework for donor involvement 国家初级卫生保健系统发展纲要:捐助者参与的框架

Social science & medicine. Medical economics Pub Date : 1980-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/0160-7995(80)90037-4

Stephen C. Joseph

引用次数: 2

The policy implications of field experiments in primary health and nutrition care 初级保健和营养保健实地试验的政策影响

Social science & medicine. Medical economics Pub Date : 1980-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/0160-7995(80)90031-3

Davidson R. Gwatkin, Janet R. Wilcox, Joe D. Wray

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引用次数: 10

Population: Current status and policy options 人口:现状和政策选择

Social science & medicine. Medical economics Pub Date : 1980-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/0160-7995(80)90029-5

Bernard Berelson , W. Parker Mauldin, Sheldon J. Segal

引用次数: 6

Is primary care the wave of the future? 初级保健是未来的潮流吗?

Social science & medicine. Medical economics Pub Date : 1980-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/0160-7995(80)90033-7

Stephen C. Joseph, Sharon Stanton Russsell

{"title":"Is primary care the wave of the future?","authors":"Stephen C. Joseph, Sharon Stanton Russsell","doi":"10.1016/0160-7995(80)90033-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0160-7995(80)90033-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the current debate over how to utilize most effectively and efficiently resources to improve the health of populations in developing countries, the usual approach by those who would argue for heavy investment in Primary Health Care (PHC) is to compare and contrast the cost-effectiveness and cost-benefits of PHC versus alternative approaches. While this paper touches upon the relative merits of PHC in contrast to alternative approaches, it focuses more centrally on the need to move from thinking about these as if they were mutually exclusive alternatives, and toward greater attention to the proper balance among these alternatives. The debate over the investment in PHC as “the wave of the future” is, or ought to be, a debate concerning mix, timing, and emphasis. The paper also argues for expanding the realm of inquiry to include issues of sociopolitical motivation—factors which have too long been neglected in more purely technical approaches to the topic. Finally, the paper seeks to identify and explore resource requirements for and constraints to global expansion of PHC over the next 20 years and proposes specific principles to guide development of PHC strategies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":76948,"journal":{"name":"Social science & medicine. Medical economics","volume":"14 2","pages":"Pages 137-144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0160-7995(80)90033-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18416272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Nutrition, population and health: Theoretical and practical issues 营养、人口与健康:理论与实践问题

Social science & medicine. Medical economics Pub Date : 1980-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/0160-7995(80)90036-2

Beverly Winikoff, George Brown

{"title":"Nutrition, population and health: Theoretical and practical issues","authors":"Beverly Winikoff, George Brown","doi":"10.1016/0160-7995(80)90036-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0160-7995(80)90036-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper outlines the biological, social, economic, and cultural links between population and health. The role of nutrition in mediating some population/health interactions is explained. Particular attention is directed to the effects of: (1) nutrition on the health of children; (2) fertility patterns on health; (3) nutrition on fertility; and (4) health on fertility. Nutritional status at birth and early childhood nutrition are both strongly correlated with mortality risk during childhood. High parity and closely spaced births present health risks for mothers and their children. Maternal nutritional status is probably not very important in determining fertility rates, but patterns of breast-feeding may be. Fertility may also be strongly influenced by the health status of children and the willingness of couples to avail themselves of existing contraceptive services.</p><p>Because of the close relationships among health, nutrition, and population variables, sensible policy must address the three concerns simultaneously. There is no moral or intellectual justification for attempts to slow progress in health as a way of dealing with population pressures. Technology development and transfer must proceed with caution, balancing hazards with potential benefits. The medical and nutritional choices made in industrialized countries may be unfortunate and should not be adopted indiscriminately by developing nations. Particular attention should be directed to the central role of women in most cultures when dealing with health, nutrition, and reproductive concerns. Planning for the future must also address foreseeable shifts in the age composition of a population. Finally, a sensible program development may include a limited number of efficacious and efficient health services, as well as the provision of family planning services.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":76948,"journal":{"name":"Social science & medicine. Medical economics","volume":"14 2","pages":"Pages 171-176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0160-7995(80)90036-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18416275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Interrelation between health and population: Observations derived from field experiences 健康与人口之间的相互关系:来自实地经验的观察

Social science & medicine. Medical economics Pub Date : 1980-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/0160-7995(80)90030-1

Robert N. Grosse

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引用次数: 37

Health, population and development 健康、人口与发展

Social science & medicine. Medical economics Pub Date : 1980-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/0160-7995(80)90028-3

John H. Knowles

{"title":"Health, population and development","authors":"John H. Knowles","doi":"10.1016/0160-7995(80)90028-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0160-7995(80)90028-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Health status and trends in LDC's are reviewed using life expectancy as the principal measure. There are substantial regional differences in health status. East Asia and the Americas have about 20 more years of life expectancy than Tropical Africa and 10 years more than Northern Africa and Southern Asia.</p><p>Improvements in life expectancy in the last 20 years have averaged over 10 years in less developed countries. The absolute gains, however, have diminished during this period. Changes in mortality show substantial declines in all age classes.</p><p>In developing countries the bulk of deaths are among children under five years. Reductions in mortality in this age group have been relatively slow, though the causes seem largely preventable at low cost. Diarrheas, malnutrition, measles, lower respiratory infections, tetanus and malaria dominate as causes. Tetanus and malaria significance varies with location. Deaths in children less than one month old account for 35–60 percent of infant mortality and are largely associated with low birth weight and tetanus. The sequalae of poverty lie at the base of much of child mortality, but the consequences of poverty for those who survive malnutrition, diarrheas and infection are probably more important.</p><p>Analysis of correlates of life expectancy in LDCs indicates that life expectancy is most strongly associated with literacy. Water and sanitation play a significant but much smaller role as explanatory variables, with GNP per capita adding little more.</p><p>Finally, an approach to health sector resource allocation is presented based on projecting mortality, disability, and costs of alternative policies and levels of expenditure.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":76948,"journal":{"name":"Social science & medicine. Medical economics","volume":"14 2","pages":"Pages 67-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0160-7995(80)90028-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"17221815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 23