Alcohol and drug research最新文献_第5页

Intravenous and intragastric self-administration of chlordiazepoxide in the rat. 氯二氮环氧化物大鼠静脉和灌胃给药。

Alcohol and drug research Pub Date : 1987-01-01

W M Davis, T E Smith, S G Smith

引用次数: 0

Pentobarbital discrimination in the mouse. 戊巴比妥对小鼠的鉴别作用。

Alcohol and drug research Pub Date : 1987-01-01

R L Balster, V C Moser

{"title":"Pentobarbital discrimination in the mouse.","authors":"R L Balster, V C Moser","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Mice have rarely been used for drug discrimination research. A procedure is described for training mice to discriminate sodium pentobarbital (PB) from vehicle and the pharmacological specificity of the PB stimulus was assessed by generalization testing with methohexital, ethanol, chlorpromazine and morphine. Mice were trained to discriminate PB from vehicle using a two-lever procedure with responding maintained under a fixed-ratio 20 schedule of milk presentation. Training was initiated with 10 mg/kg PB or saline given i.p. 20 min prior to the sessions, and stimulus control was assessed every third session during 2-min periods when responding on either lever was reinforced. After 48 training sessions, good stimulus control had not been achieved. The PB dose was increased to 15 mg/kg, and after 12 additional training sessions, a mean accuracy of 93.5% and 88.1% was obtained on PB and saline tests, respectively. Generalization tests for the time course of the PB stimulus indicated that over 90% PB-lever responding occurred with pretreatment times of 5, 10 and 20 min, falling to 25.6% by 40 min and 15.4% by 60 min. Dose-dependent generalization was also obtained with doses of 15, 20 and 30 mg/kg occasioning over 75% and doses of 5 and 10 mg/kg occasioning less than 25% PB-lever responding. The mice also generalized from PB to methohexital and ethanol, although with the latter greater than 90% PB-lever responding was only produced by a dose that substantially decreased overall rates of responding. Generalization was not obtained with morphine nor chlorpromazine. Typical drug discrimination procedures utilized for pigeons, rats and monkeys can also be used with mice.","PeriodicalId":7671,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol and drug research","volume":"7 4","pages":"233-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14944667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Inhibition of voluntary ethanol intake in rats by a combination of dihydroergotoxine and thioridazine. 双氢麦角毒素和噻嗪联合使用对大鼠自愿乙醇摄入的抑制作用。

Alcohol and drug research Pub Date : 1987-01-01

F Fadda, F Franch, E Mosca, R Meloni, G L Gessa

引用次数: 0

Anorectics: effects on food intake and self-administration in rhesus monkeys. 厌食症:对恒河猴食物摄入和自我管理的影响。

Alcohol and drug research Pub Date : 1987-01-01

R L Corwin, W L Woolverton, C R Schuster, C E Johanson

{"title":"Anorectics: effects on food intake and self-administration in rhesus monkeys.","authors":"R L Corwin, W L Woolverton, C R Schuster, C E Johanson","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of the anorectics benzphetamine, chlorphentermine, clortermine, mazindol, phendimetrazine, and phenmetrazine on food intake were compared to the effects of d-amphetamine in rhesus monkeys given daily access to food pellets. The ability of these compounds to maintain intravenous self-administration under a fixed-ratio 10 schedule was also determined in rhesus monkeys. All drugs reduced food intake in a dose-related manner. d-Amphetamine was the most potent. Mazindol, chlorphentermine, phenmetrazine, and phendimetrazine were approximately 1/5 to 1/9 as potent as d-amphetamine while benzphetamine and clortermine were 1/14 and 1/20 as potent, respectively. Benzphetamine, mazindol, and phenmetrazine were self-administered above saline levels and were approximately equipotent. Chlorphentermine and clortermine were not self-administered and phendimetrazine was self-administered by only one of four monkeys at one dose. Thus, although all of the compounds were effective anorectics, chlorphentermine, clortermine, and phendimetrazine did not function as positive reinforcers. Since the ability of a drug to function as a positive reinforcer is related to its dependence potential, these three compounds might be less subject to abuse when used therapeutically. Within the group of 3 compounds that was self-administered, benzphetamine was relatively more potent as a positive reinforcer than as an anorectic. Therefore, this drug might be a less desirable compound for therapeutic use.","PeriodicalId":7671,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol and drug research","volume":"7 5-6","pages":"351-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14740605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cross-tolerance to metkephamid (LY127623) produced by morphine solution ingestion by mice. 小鼠吗啡溶液对metkephhamid (LY127623)的交叉耐受。

Alcohol and drug research Pub Date : 1987-01-01

J D Leander

引用次数: 0

Binding of imipramine to platelet membranes is lower in alcoholics than in controls. 丙咪嗪与血小板膜的结合在酗酒者中比在对照组中低。

Alcohol and drug research Pub Date : 1987-01-01

M Javors, G Blaisdell, J Lee, C Bowden

引用次数: 0

Alterations in brain aldehyde dehydrogenase activity modify the locomotor effects produced by ethanol in rats. 脑醛脱氢酶活性的改变改变了乙醇对大鼠运动的影响。

Alcohol and drug research Pub Date : 1987-01-01

K Spivak, C M Aragon, Z Amit

{"title":"Alterations in brain aldehyde dehydrogenase activity modify the locomotor effects produced by ethanol in rats.","authors":"K Spivak, C M Aragon, Z Amit","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The role of brain aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) and acetaldehyde in mediating ethanol-induced locomotor activity was investigated using several enzyme inhibitors. Cyanamide, an ALDH inhibitor elevates blood acetaldehyde levels in the presence of ethanol. Concurrent administration with 4-methylpyrazole, an alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor, prevents peripheral accumulation of acetaldehyde by cyanamide. Two hr prior to testing locomotor activity in open field boxes, 111 male Long Evans rats were pretreated with i.p. injections of saline (S+S), 4-methylpyrazole (4MP+S), cyanamide (S+C) or 4-methylpyrazole + cyanamide (4MP+C). Subjects then received i.p. injections of one of three doses of ethanol (0.4, 0.8 or 1.2 gm/kg) or saline vehicle one minute prior to testing in the open field and locomotor activity was recorded for a 10 min period. Locomotor activity of animals pretreated with cyanamide (S+C and 4MP+C) was significantly depressed compared to groups S+S and 4MP+S particularly at the two lower doses tested. These effects cannot be attributed to elevated blood acetaldehyde levels since pretreatment with 4MP+C prevented peripheral accumulation of acetaldehyde. A characteristic common to both cyanamide-treated groups was the inhibition of brain ALDH. It is therefore suggested that brain ALDH may play a role in the mediation of locomotor effects produced by ethanol. It is conceivable that ALDH plays this role by regulating the levels of acetaldehyde in brain.","PeriodicalId":7671,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol and drug research","volume":"7 5-6","pages":"481-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14741887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chronic cocaine administration induces opposite changes in dopamine receptors in the striatum and nucleus accumbens. 长期服用可卡因会引起纹状体和伏隔核多巴胺受体的相反变化。

Alcohol and drug research Pub Date : 1987-01-01

N E Goeders, M J Kuhar

引用次数: 0

Interaction between flurazepam and ethanol. 氟拉西泮与乙醇的相互作用。

Alcohol and drug research Pub Date : 1987-01-01

W Y Hu, R J Reiffenstein, L Wong

引用次数: 0

The effect of ethanol and temperature on calcium-dependent sensory neuron action potentials. 乙醇和温度对钙依赖性感觉神经元动作电位的影响。

Alcohol and drug research Pub Date : 1987-01-01

S A Eskuri, R S Pozos

引用次数: 0