Alcohol and drug research最新文献

Studies on ethanol and/or nicotine induced acute changes in the levels of plasma amino acids and other biochemical parameters of male Wistar rats. 研究乙醇和/或尼古丁对雄性Wistar大鼠血浆氨基酸水平和其他生化参数的急性变化。

Alcohol and drug research Pub Date : 1987-01-01

A M Bekairi, F S Abulaban, M Tariq, N S Parmar, A M Ageel

引用次数: 0

Opiate addiction and plasma beta-endorphin-like immunoreactivity: methadone maintained, recently detoxified and early naltrexone treated ex-addicts. 阿片成瘾和血浆β -内啡肽样免疫反应性:美沙酮维持，近期解毒和早期纳曲酮治疗前成瘾者。

Alcohol and drug research Pub Date : 1987-01-01

P Cushman, D Morris, M Adams, W Dewey

引用次数: 0

Stress enhances the development of tolerance to the hypothermic effect of ethanol. 胁迫增强了对乙醇低温效应的耐受性。

Alcohol and drug research Pub Date : 1987-01-01

J Peris, C L Cunningham

引用次数: 0

Sensitivity difference to hepatotoxicity of cocaine in spontaneously hypertensive and Wistar Kyoto rats. 自发性高血压大鼠和Wistar京都大鼠对可卡因肝毒性的敏感性差异。

Alcohol and drug research Pub Date : 1987-01-01

H K Watanabe, B Hoskins, I K Ho

{"title":"Sensitivity difference to hepatotoxicity of cocaine in spontaneously hypertensive and Wistar Kyoto rats.","authors":"H K Watanabe, B Hoskins, I K Ho","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Experiments were conducted to determine the hepatic damage of cocaine in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats in terms of serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) activity, liver weight/body weight ratio and hepatic microsomal enzyme activity, i.e., N-demethylase activity or UDP-glucuronyltransferase (GT) activity. In subacute experiments, 2, 4 and 10 daily cocaine treatments elevated the level of SGOT activity and reduced the liver weight/body weight ratio in SHR rats. The ethylmorphine N-demethylase activity and the cocaine N-demethylase activity in SHR rats were significantly greater (31% and 26%, respectively) than those in WKY rats. Ten daily treatments with cocaine diminished the ethyl morphine N-demethylase activity and the cocaine N-demethylase activity in SHR and WKY rats. However, attenuation of 4-nitrophenol GT activity was only observed in SHR rats. In acute experiments, a single dose of cocaine, 40 mg/kg, elevated the SGOT activity in SHR rats and reduced the 4-nitrophenol GT activity in SHR rats, but it did not affect the activities of SGOT and 4-nitrophenol GT in WKY rats. A higher dose of cocaine, 60 mg/kg, elevated the SGOT activity and reduced cocaine N-demethylase activity and 4-nitrophenol GT activity in both SHR and WKY rats. The present studies suggest that N-demethylation of cocaine plays an important role in the hepatotoxicity of cocaine in animals.","PeriodicalId":7671,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol and drug research","volume":"7 5-6","pages":"363-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14244314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

GABA enhancement of flunitrazepam binding in mice selectively bred for differential sensitivity to ethanol. GABA增强氟硝西泮与选择性饲养的乙醇敏感性差异小鼠的结合。

Alcohol and drug research Pub Date : 1987-01-01

R J Marley, J M Wehner

引用次数: 0

Cardiac electrophysiology in rats drinking moderate amounts of ethanol. 适量乙醇对大鼠心脏电生理的影响。

Alcohol and drug research Pub Date : 1987-01-01

A Gallardo-Carpentier, R G Carpentier

{"title":"Cardiac electrophysiology in rats drinking moderate amounts of ethanol.","authors":"A Gallardo-Carpentier, R G Carpentier","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Ethanol (ETOH) exerts a dose-dependent biphasic action on different systems. The deleterious effects of severe drinking are well established. However, little is known about the effects of chronic ingestion of moderate amounts of ETOH. The results presented here are the first obtained in a series of experiments designed to analyze the influence of moderate drinking on cardiac electrophysiology. Rat litter-mates were pair-fed a liquid diet as the only source of food. Rats on ethanol (E) received 14% of total caloric intake of ETOH for an experimental period (EP) of 4, 12, or 24 weeks. The control rats on normal diet (N) received the same diet, except for isocaloric substitution of carbohydrates for ETOH. Diet consumption (DC) and body weight (BW) were measured daily and weekly, respectively. ETOH concentration in blood samples was determined periodically, at random. The animals were decapitated at the end of the EP. The heart was removed, and small right atrial strips were isolated and superfused in a tissue bath with Tyrode's solution at 36 degrees C. Membrane potentials (MP) were measured using intracellular micro-electrodes. DC and BW were the same in E and N during the period prior to ETOH drinking. As soon as ETOH was introduced into the diet, DC became significantly higher in E than in N and remained so throughout the EP. This resulted in an enhanced gain in BW, so that by week 4 and throughout the EP, the BW of E was significantly higher than that of N. Small amounts of ETOH were occasionally found in blood samples from E.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)","PeriodicalId":7671,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol and drug research","volume":"7 1","pages":"41-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14908265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cigarette smoking blocks caffeine-induced arousal. 吸烟会阻碍咖啡因引起的兴奋。

Alcohol and drug research Pub Date : 1987-01-01

J E Rose

引用次数: 0

On the stability of phencyclidine discrimination in the pigeon. 苯环利定在鸽子中鉴别的稳定性。

Alcohol and drug research Pub Date : 1987-01-01

D E McMillan

引用次数: 0

The human platelet as a model for calcium metabolism in central nerve endings in the study of alcoholism. 人血小板作为酒精中毒研究中中枢神经末梢钙代谢的模型。

Alcohol and drug research Pub Date : 1987-01-01

M A Javors, C L Bowden

引用次数: 0

Effects of acetaldehyde condensation products on human platelet aggregation. 乙醛缩合产物对人血小板聚集的影响。

Alcohol and drug research Pub Date : 1987-01-01

M B Given, G L Longenecker

{"title":"Effects of acetaldehyde condensation products on human platelet aggregation.","authors":"M B Given, G L Longenecker","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Condensation products (CP) of the ethanol metabolite, acetaldehyde, and endogenous amines, such as dopamine and serotonin, have been proposed to be effectors of some symptoms of chronic ethanol use. Since hemostatic defects are known to occur in chronic ethanol use, the effects of CP on in vitro human platelet aggregation responses induced by several agents were determined. Both isoquinoline and beta carboline type CP significantly inhibited aggregation responses induced by epinephrine, with the concentrations to produce 50% inhibition ranging from 8-347 uM. The beta-carbolines significantly inhibited ADP-induced aggregation and also inhibited aggregation induced by collagen or arachidonic acid, but at high concentrations. Effects on epinephrine aggregation and ADP aggregation were reversible. Potential mechanisms of the inhibitory effects were briefly examined. Concomitant use of the phosphodiesterase inhibitor theophylline potentiated the effect of some but not other CP, possibly indicating an involvement of cyclic AMP. Concomitant use of the non-specific beta-adrenergic inhibitor propranolol had no effect on CP inhibition, indicating that CP probably do not stimulate platelet adenylyl cyclase-coupled beta 2-adrenoceptors. Thus, general inhibition by CP of platelet responses in the circulation is unlikely, except, possibly, for epinephrine-induced aggregation, because of the high concentrations of CP required. However, local regulation of platelet responses by release of stored CP during aggregation is possible since CP are stored in platelet dense granules.","PeriodicalId":7671,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol and drug research","volume":"7 5-6","pages":"383-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14740606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0