American Journal of Reproductive Immunology最新文献

{"title":"IL-17 Producing T to Foxp3+CD4+ Regulatory T Cell Ratio as a Diagnostic and Prognostic Marker in Women With Recurrent Pregnancy Loss and Its Implications for Intravenous Immunoglobulin Therapy","authors":"Jin-Sol Park, Ah-Yun Song, Ju-Young Bae, Jae Won Han, Tae Hyun Kim, Chul-Jung Kim, Sung Ki Lee","doi":"10.1111/aji.70020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aji.70020","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Problem</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The imbalance in the Th17/Regulatory T (Treg) cell ratio is associated with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). This study aimed to determine a cut-off for the Th17/Treg cell ratio to predict pregnancy outcomes in RPL and evaluate the effectiveness of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) based on this cut-off value.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method of Study</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This retrospective cohort study included 49 idiopathic RPL and 75 controls. The subgroups of IL-17<sup>+</sup> T cell to Foxp3<sup>+</sup> T cell ratios in peripheral blood were measured using flow cytometry. The cut-off values of Th17/Treg cell ratios were determined by the ROC curve to distinguish between RPL and controls. The IVIG treatment effectiveness in pregnancy outcome was compared between high- and low-ratio groups. Pearson correlation assessed the Th17/Treg cell ratio's relationship with NK cell cytotoxicity (NKC), NK cell percentage, and Th1/Th2 cell ratio.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using the ROC curve, we identified six Th17/Treg cell ratio markers with diagnostic value, and the following two, CD3<sup>+</sup>IL-17<sup>+</sup> T cell/CD3<sup>+</sup>Foxp3<sup>high</sup> T cell ratio (sensitivity at 97%) and CD4<sup>+</sup>IL-17<sup>+</sup> T cell/CD3<sup>+</sup>Foxp3<sup>high</sup> T cell ratio (specificity at 93.61%), showed the highest statistical significance in diagnosing idiopathic RPL. Among the six diagnostic markers, in terms of predicting pregnancy outcomes with IVIG treatment, CD3<sup>+</sup>IL-17<sup>+</sup> T cell/CD4<sup>+</sup>Foxp3<sup>+</sup> T cell ratio was the most valuable prognostic marker. In RPL women with high CD3<sup>+</sup>IL-17<sup>+</sup> T cell/CD4<sup>+</sup>Foxp3<sup>+</sup> T cell ratio (≥ 1.096), the live birth rate (LBR) was improved with IVIG treatment. (IVIG treatment, 78.57% vs. no IVIG, 28.57%, <i>p</i> = 0.026). On the other hand, RPL women with low CD3<sup>+</sup>IL-17<sup>+</sup> T cell/CD4<sup>+</sup>Foxp3<sup>+</sup> T cell ratio did not demonstrate the effectiveness of IVIG (LBRs with IVIG treatment, 50.00% vs. no IVIG, 84.62%, <i>p</i> = 0.219). In a correlation study, the CD3<sup>+</sup>IL-17<sup>+</sup> T cell/CD4<sup>+</sup>Foxp3<sup>+</sup> T cell ratio was an independent prognostic marker, showing no correlation with NKC, NK cell percentage, and Th1/Th2 cell ratio.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The CD3<sup>+</sup>IL-17<sup>+</sup> T/CD4<sup>+</sup>Foxp3<sup>+</sup> T cell ratio may serve as a valuable marker for understanding the pathogenesis of RPL, predicting pregnancy outcomes, and selecting candidates for immunotherapy. Our study demo","PeriodicalId":7665,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Reproductive Immunology","volume":"92 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142708054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Systemic Inflammatory Indices and Last Trimester APRI Score With Perinatal Outcomes in Pregnant Women With Pregestational Diabetes–A Prospective Observational Study","authors":"Gulcan Okutucu,&nbsp;Atakan Tanacan,&nbsp;Sengul Kara,&nbsp;Osman Onur Ozkavak,&nbsp;Aysegul Atalay,&nbsp;Ozgur Kara,&nbsp;Dilek Sahin","doi":"10.1111/aji.70018","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aji.70018","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate whether systemic inflammatory indices and the last trimester APRI score change in PGDM and to evaluate the relationship between these alterations and perinatal outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 240 pregnant women, 120 of whom were pregestational diabetic (40 with T1DM and 80 with T2DM), were analyzed. In each trimester, WBC, NEU, LNF, PLT, NLR, dNLR, PLR, PNR, and SII values, and in the last trimester MON, PMR, SIRI, AST values, and APRI score were recorded and compared between PGDM and control cohorts.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The first trimester WBC, NEU, and LNF values were higher and the PNR values were lower, the second trimester LNF value was higher and the NLR was lower, the third trimester APRI score was higher in the PGDM group. In diabetic pregnant women, the optimal cut-off value of NEU for predicting LBW in the first trimester was 6.965 × 10⁹/L (62.5% sensitivity and 61.6% specificity), while the optimal cut-off value of the last trimester APRI score for predicting preterm delivery was 0.072 (61.9% sensitivity and 61.6% specificity). In predicting NICU, the optimal cut-off value for second trimester NLR was found to be 3.973 (70% sensitivity and 70% specificity) in the T1DM group, while the optimal cut-off values for first and second trimester LNF were 2.395 × 10⁹/L (75% sensitivity and 71.1% specificity) and 2.23 × 10⁹/L (75% sensitivity and 68.4% specificity) in the T2DM group, respectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In routine clinical practice, the first trimester NLR and last trimester APRI score may be used as additional tools for predicting perinatal outcomes in pregnancies affected by PGDM.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7665,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Reproductive Immunology","volume":"92 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142685682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Galectin-1 Elicits a Tissue-Specific Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Degradative Effect Upon LPS-Induced Response in an Ex Vivo Model of Human Fetal Membranes Modeling an Intraamniotic Inflammation","authors":"Jazmin Hernández-Rodríguez,&nbsp;Jesús Pérez-Hernández,&nbsp;Pilar Flores-Espinosa,&nbsp;Andrea Olmos-Ortiz,&nbsp;Pilar Velazquez,&nbsp;Rodrigo Zamora-Escudero,&nbsp;Marcela Islas-López,&nbsp;Addy Cecilia Helguera-Repetto,&nbsp;Karla Hernández-Bones,&nbsp;Samara Rodríguez-Flores,&nbsp;Rodrigo Jiménez-Escutia,&nbsp;Amaury Fortanel-Fonseca,&nbsp;Arturo Flores-Pliego,&nbsp;Rosario Lopez-Vancell,&nbsp;Veronica Zaga-Clavellina","doi":"10.1111/aji.70016","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aji.70016","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Problem</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Intrauterine infection is one of the most jeopardizing conditions associated with adverse outcomes, including preterm birth; however, multiple tolerance mechanisms operate at the maternal–fetal interface to avoid the rejection of the fetus. Among the factors that maintain the uterus as an immunoprivileged site, Galectin-1 (Gal-1), an immunomodulatory glycan-binding protein secreted by the maternal-fetal unit, is pivotal in promoting immune cell homeostasis. This work aimed to evaluate the role of Gal-1 during a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced-inflammatory milieu.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method of Study</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using an ex vivo culture with two independent compartments, human fetal membranes at term were pretreated with 40 and 80 ng/mL of Gal-1, then to reproduce an intraamniotic inflammation, the fetal side of membranes was stimulated with 500 ng/mL of LPS for 24 h. The concentrations of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP1), macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP1) α, regulated upon activation normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES), and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 were measured in both amnion and choriodecidua compartments.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In a tissue-specific fashion profile, pretreatment with the physiologic concentration of Gal-1 significantly diminished the LPS-dependent secretion of TNF-α, IL-1β, Il-6, MCP1, MIP1α, RANTES, and MMP-9.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Gal-1 elicits an anti-inflammatory effect on the human fetal membranes stimulated with LPS, which supports the hypothesis that Gal-1 is part of the immunomodulatory mechanisms intended to stop the harmful effect of inflammation of the maternal–fetal interface.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7665,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Reproductive Immunology","volume":"92 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11582940/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142685688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circ-ADAM9 Knockdown Reduces Insulin Resistance and Placental Injury in Diabetic Mice via MAPK Pathway Inactivation","authors":"Ai Zhao,&nbsp;Yawen Yang,&nbsp;Yijun Yang,&nbsp;Zhenjing Chi,&nbsp;Yanlan Sun","doi":"10.1111/aji.70017","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aji.70017","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) significantly risks maternal and neonatal health. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) regulate various diseases but their role in GDM is unclear. We investigated the involvement of circ-ADAM9 in GDM.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;We analyzed circ-ADAM9 expression in GDM-related microarray data (GSE182737) and measured its levels in the blood of GDM patients. In a high-fat diet-induced GDM mouse model, we inhibited circ-ADAM9 expression and tracked blood glucose levels, serum insulin, lipid levels, placental apoptosis, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Pathological changes in pancreatic tissues and fetal outcomes were also examined. Molecular interactions were explored using bioinformatics tools and validated through luciferase assays, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and Western blotting in high glucose (HG)-induced human trophoblast cells (HTR-8/SVneo). We further investigated the involvement of circ-ADAM9/miR-375/FPR2 axis in HG-induced injury in HTR-8/SVneo cells by assessing cell viability, apoptosis, ROS production, and antioxidant levels.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Both GDM patients and GDM-induced mice exhibited a substantial upregulation of circ-ADAM9. Knockdown of circ-ADAM9 lowered blood glucose, alleviated insulin resistance, improved lipid metabolism, decreased placental apoptosis and ROS levels, and reduced pancreatic lesions in GDM mice. Circ-ADAM9 downregulation also improved fetal viability, weight, and crown-rump length. In HG-induced HTR-8/SVneo cells, circ-ADAM9 overexpression and miR-375 downregulation were evident. Overexpression of miR-375 inhibited circ-ADAM9 activity, substantiating their binding interaction. In GDM mice, circ-ADAM9 deficiency restored miR-375 expression. TargetScanHuman predicted and luciferase assays confirmed the miR-375-FPR2 interaction and elevated FPR2 levels in GDM mice were reduced by circ-ADAM9 silencing. In HG-induced HTR-8/SVneo cells, circ-ADAM9 knockdown restored cell viability, suppressed apoptosis and ROS levels, and enhanced antioxidant enzyme levels. These effects were reversed by miR-375 inhibition or FPR2 overexpression, suggesting circ-ADAM9 upregulates FPR2 expression by sponging miR-375 and modulating the MAPK pathway.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This study is the first to demonstrate the expression and function of circ-ADAM9 in the progression of GDM. Circ-ADAM9 downregulation ameliorates insulin resistance and placental injury in GDM by modulating the miR-375/FPR2 axis and inactivating the MAPK pathway, which may ","PeriodicalId":7665,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Reproductive Immunology","volume":"92 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142685686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Omicron Variant Infection on Female Fertility and Laboratory Outcomes: A Self-Controlled Study","authors":"Yu-Ling Hu,&nbsp;Yong-Jia Zhang,&nbsp;Xing-Yu Lv,&nbsp;Rui-Ling Liu,&nbsp;Zhao-Hui Zhong,&nbsp;Li-Juan Fu,&nbsp;Mei-Hua Bao,&nbsp;Li-Hong Geng,&nbsp;Hai-Jiao Xu,&nbsp;Shao-Min Yu,&nbsp;Yu-Bin Ding","doi":"10.1111/aji.70012","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aji.70012","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Problem</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Investigating the impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection on female fertility and laboratory outcomes in patients undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatment who were initially uninfected but later became infected.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods of the Study</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This self-controlled study included 197 patients who underwent repeated oocyte retrieval before and after SARS-CoV-2 infection between March 2021 and April 2023, of which 117 used the same ovarian stimulation protocol within a consistent age range. We evaluated the ovarian reserve, ovarian response, and laboratory outcomes in patients before and after SARS-CoV-2 infection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The ovarian reserve (follicle-stimulating hormone [FSH], luteinizing hormone [LH], estrogen [E₂], anti-Müllerian hormone [AMH], antral follicle count [AFC]), ovarian response (total Gn dosage, duration of Gn administration, number of follicles ≥14 mm on trigger day, number of retrieved oocytes), and laboratory outcomes (cleavage stage good-quality embryo rate, blastocyst formation rate, and cycle freezing rate) showed no significant differences before and after SARS-CoV-2 infection in 117 patients (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). When stratified by age, the ≤ 35 years group showed a higher two pronuclei (2PN) fertilization rate post-infection, while the &gt;35 years group had increased mature metaphase II (MII) oocyte and blastocyst stage good-quality embryo rates. Additionally, upon stratified by the time interval between SARS-CoV-2 infection and ART treatment, in the ≤ 3 months group, there was an increased post-infection MII oocyte rate, 2PN fertilization rate, and blastocyst stage good-quality embryo rate. Meanwhile, no significant differences were found in any indicators when the interval exceeded three months.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our study suggested that undergoing IVF/ICSI treatment after recovering from COVID-19 may not adversely affect female fertility and laboratory outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7665,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Reproductive Immunology","volume":"92 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142612396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cell Communications Between GCs and Macrophages Contribute to the Residence of Macrophage in Preovulatory Follicles","authors":"Huihua Wu,&nbsp;Ce Zhang,&nbsp;Rui Zhu,&nbsp;Qingxia Meng,&nbsp;Fuxin Wang,&nbsp;Liang Gao,&nbsp;Nannan Zhao,&nbsp;Hong Li,&nbsp;Mingqing Li","doi":"10.1111/aji.70009","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aji.70009","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Problem</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There were not only granulosa cells (GCs) but also immune cells in preovulatory follicular fluid. The objective of this study was to explore the interactions between macrophages and GCs via adhesion molecules in preovulatory follicles and the regulatory mechanisms of the interactions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method of Study</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Flow cytometry and immunofluorescence were used to detect the expression of ITGB1 in macrophages and fibronectin (FN)1 in GCs in preovulatory follicles from 12 patients. The synthesis of FN1 protein in human ovarian GCs line (KGN) was detected by western blot. An adhesion experiment was performed to observe the changes of KGN cells adhesion to macrophages.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The progesterone levels 12 h after human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) administration in the high proportion immune cells (high immune [HI]) group were significantly higher than that in the low proportion immune cells (low immune [LI]) group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001). The expression of ITGB1 in macrophages in the HI group was higher than in the LI group. The expression of FN1 in GCs in HI group was higher than in LI group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). Progesterone increased the synthesis of FN1 in KGN cells (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001) and was suppressed by the elimination of PGR. The adhesion effect of KGN cells on macrophages was enhanced by progesterone (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>After luteinizing hormone (LH)/HCG surge, progesterone promotes the expression of FN1 in GCs by acting on the receptor PGR, and then GCs enhance the adhesion of macrophages by FN1-ITGB1 interaction, further leading to the result that macrophages perform diverse functional activities to maintain tissue homeostasis during ovulation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7665,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Reproductive Immunology","volume":"92 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142612394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura and Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes During Pregnancy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Hong Zhang,&nbsp;Lixia Shi,&nbsp;Hui Shang,&nbsp;Huili Yang","doi":"10.1111/aji.70008","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aji.70008","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) affects 1–3 out of every 10 000 pregnancies, posing significant risks to both mothers and newborns. The condition often requires careful management to prevent severe hemorrhagic events. PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science searched for relevant literature until June 2024. A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the effect of ITP on maternal and fetal outcomes. The results showed that antepartum hemorrhage occurred in 0.17 (95% CI = 0.12–0.25) of patients and postpartum hemorrhage occurred in 0.11 (95% CI = 0.07–0.16) of pregnant women with ITP. About 0.63 (95% CI = 0.50–0.74) of pregnant women needed treatment for ITP. The cesarean section (CS) rate was 0.48 (95% CI = 0.34–0.61), and the occurrence of preterm labor was 0.14 (95% CI = 0.07–0.24). A total of 0.32 of neonates had thrombocytopenia (95% CI = 0.18–0.52). The difference between the platelet count of those diagnosed with ITP before pregnancy and those diagnosed after pregnancy was significant (MD = –31.50, 95% CI = 51.29–11.72, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). This meta-analysis highlights the significant impact of ITP on pregnancy, estimating risks of bleeding, CS, gestational diabetes, preterm labor, and neonatal thrombocytopenia. These findings underscore the need for vigilant monitoring and tailored management of pregnant women with ITP.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7665,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Reproductive Immunology","volume":"92 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142581653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pregnancy Outcomes in Grand Multiparity Women With Antiphospholipid Antibodies","authors":"Keren Zloto,&nbsp;Shani Steinberg,&nbsp;Shir Lev,&nbsp;Rakefet Yoeli-Ullman,&nbsp;Stanley Niznik,&nbsp;Nancy Agmon-Levin,&nbsp;Keren Ofir","doi":"10.1111/aji.70013","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aji.70013","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In recent years antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) as well as antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) prevalence has demonstrated an upward trend in women during reproductive age. There is a lack of data concerning its effects on women with grand multiparity (GMP) (parity ≥5). Hence, this study aimed to assess pregnancy outcomes among GMP aPL/APS patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Study Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We retrospectively assembled the births of GMP women with aPL/APS, between 2017 and 2022 in the Sheba Medical Center. We compared their deliveries with those of two control groups: (1) the “aPL/APS-controls”—of pregnant women with aPL/APS and parity &lt;5. (2) The “GMP-controls”- parity ≥5 without aPL/APS. We examined demographics, aPL characteristics, pregnancy, and neonatal outcomes between the groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In total, 42 deliveries in the study group were compared to 461 deliveries in the “aPL/APS-controls” group and 84 deliveries of the “GMP-controls.” Most parameters were similar across groups. However, the study group had a higher rate of obstetric APS diagnosis (64.64% vs. 83.33%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) and showed significant differences such as older maternal age, higher BMI, more polyhydramnios cases, and larger babies compared to controls (33.91 vs. 36.19, <i>p</i> = 0.05; 23.2 vs. 28.89, <i>p</i> = 0.02; 3.68 vs. 11.9, <i>p</i> = 0.01; and 2.17 vs. 14.28, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01, respectively).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings reveal that perinatal outcomes in aPL/APS GMP women are comparable and not inferior to those in aPL/APS women with &lt;5 pregnancies or in comparison to the general GMP population. The minor differences observed may all be related to GMP women's older age and higher BMI.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7665,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Reproductive Immunology","volume":"92 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/aji.70013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142543076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vaginal Microbiome and the Risk of Preterm Birth in Women Living With HIV: A Scoping Review","authors":"Fouzia Zahid Ali Khan,&nbsp;Saifuddin Ahmed,&nbsp;Anna Maya Powell","doi":"10.1111/aji.70011","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aji.70011","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There are sparse data on the role of the vaginal microbiome (VMB) in pregnancy among pregnant women living with HIV (PWLWH) and its association with spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB). We conducted a scoping review to assess associations between vaginal microbiota and sPTB among PWLWH. Three studies were included, representing a total of 180 PWLWH out of 652 total pregnancies. All studies used modern DNA sequencing methods (16S rRNA amplification, metagenomics, or metatranscriptomics). PWLWH had higher VMB richness and diversity compared to HIV-uninfected pregnant women and higher sPTB rates in two of three studies. A higher proportion of sPTB among PWLWH was observed in those with Lactobacillus-deficient, anaerobe-dominant vaginal microbiota. In two of three studies, higher concentrations of vaginal inflammation markers were associated with increased VMB richness and diversity. HIV status was independently associated with sPTB. It is unclear if increased vaginal microbial diversity among PWLWH or increased vaginal inflammation contributes more to PTB, but HIV does appear to alter the VMB in pregnant individuals and may also affect PTB rates in microbiome-independent pathways. Given the limited number of studies, heterogeneity in sample size, sample collection methods, and inconsistent results it is difficult to causally link HIV, VMB, inflammatory cytokines, and sPTB.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7665,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Reproductive Immunology","volume":"92 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142543078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SR-16234, a Unique Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator, Suppressed Proliferation and Pain-Related Factor Expression by Inhibition of the Nuclear Factor-kappa B Pathway in Endometriotic Stromal Cells","authors":"Emiko Yamane,&nbsp;Yukihiro Azuma,&nbsp;Mei Matsumoto,&nbsp;Eri Sato,&nbsp;Yoshiaki Ota,&nbsp;Tasuku Harada,&nbsp;Fuminori Taniguchi","doi":"10.1111/aji.70010","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aji.70010","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Problem</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>What is the effect of SR-16234 (SR), a selective estrogen receptor (ER) modulator, on human endometriotic stromal cells (ESCs)?</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method of Study</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Endometriotic tissues were obtained from 21 patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery for ovarian endometriomas (OEs). Normal eutopic endometrium during the luteal phase was obtained from 18 patients without endometriosis. ESCs isolated from OEs and normal eutopic endometrial stromal cells (NESCs) were cultured with SR and subsequently exposed to tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. After 48 h of incubation, the effect of SR on cell proliferation was evaluated by the WST-8 assay. The gene expressions of inflammatory and pain-related factors, including <i>interleukin</i> (<i>IL</i>)<i>-6</i>, <i>IL-8</i>, <i>cyclooxygenase</i> (<i>COX</i>)<i>-2</i>, <i>transient receptor potential vanilloid</i> (<i>TRPV</i>)<i>1</i>, <i>ESR1</i>, and <i>ESR2</i>, were evaluated by real-time RT-PCR. The phosphorylation of Inhibitor κBα (IκBα), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2, and Protein Kinase B (AKT) were evaluated by western blot analysis. ILs, prostaglandin (PG) E2, and intranuclear p65 syntheses were assessed by ELISA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>SR treatment repressed TNF-α-induced proliferation by 20% in ESCs but not　NESCs. SR also reduced <i>IL-6</i>, <i>IL-8</i>, <i>COX-2</i>, <i>TRPV1</i>, <i>ESR1</i>, and <i>ESR2</i> mRNA expressions and ILs protein, and PGE2 synthesis in ESCs, whereas in NESCs, only <i>TRPV1</i> mRNA expression was decreased. SR suppressed TNF-α-induced phosphorylated IκBα levels by approximately 50%, and intranuclear p65 protein was reduced by 30% compared to addition of only TNF-α in ESCs. However, SR did not affect the phosphorylation of AKT and ERK1/2.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>SR appears to be a potential therapeutic agent for endometriosis by suppressing inflammatory and pain-related factor expressions by inhibiting the nuclear factor-kappa B pathway.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7665,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Reproductive Immunology","volume":"92 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142543077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}