American Journal of Reproductive Immunology最新文献

{"title":"Role of Decidual Natural Killer Cells in the Pathogenesis of Preeclampsia","authors":"Shuang Yue,&nbsp;Jinlai Meng","doi":"10.1111/aji.70033","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aji.70033","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Preeclampsia is one of the most severe obstetric complications, yet its pathogenesis remains unclear. Decidual natural killer (dNK) cells, the most abundant immune cells at the maternal-fetal interface, are closely associated with preeclampsia due to abnormalities in their quantity, phenotype, and function. This review summarizes the molecular mechanisms by which dNK cells regulate extravillous trophoblast (EVT) invasion, promote uterine spiral artery remodeling, and maintain immune tolerance. Furthermore, it explores how disruptions in these mechanisms and changes in the decidual microenvironment alter dNK cell properties, driving the progression of preeclampsia. Understanding the mechanisms of dNK cells and identifying potential therapeutic targets may provide new insights for clinical intervention.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7665,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Reproductive Immunology","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142909007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Placentas From SARS-CoV-2 Infection During Pregnancy Exhibit Foci of Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage","authors":"Guilherme M. Nobrega PhD,&nbsp;Eliza R. McColl PhD,&nbsp;Arthur Antolini-Tavares MD,&nbsp;Renato T. Souza MD PhD,&nbsp;José Guilherme Cecatti MD PhD,&nbsp;Maria Laura Costa MD PhD,&nbsp;Indira U. Mysorekar PhD","doi":"10.1111/aji.70034","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aji.70034","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Problem</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>COVID-19 during pregnancy is linked to increased maternal morbidity and a higher incidence of preterm births (PTBs), yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Cellular senescence, characterized by the irreversible cessation of cell division, is a critical process in placental function, and its dysregulation has been implicated in pregnancy complications like PTB. Senescence can be induced by various stressors, including oxidative stress, DNA damage, and viral infections.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method of Study</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, we determined whether COVID-19 had an impact on placental senescence. We examined placentas from women infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) (<i>n</i> = 10 term, 4 preterm) compared to uninfected controls (<i>n</i> = 10 term, 3 preterm). The placentas were analyzed for SARS-CoV-2 infection (spike and nucleocapsid viral proteins), markers of DNA damage (γH2AX) and oxidative stress (ROS), and senescence (telomere length, cell cycle regulators, and senescence-associated secretory phenotype [SASP]).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although no overall differences in cellular senescence markers were observed between the COVID-19 positive and negative groups, we found increased secreted SASP markers. Confocal microscopy of placentas from COVID-19 positive cases revealed localized areas of oxidative stress and DNA damage colocalized with SARS-CoV-2 spike protein.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings indicate that SARS-CoV-2 infection induces localized focal placental damage, warranting further investigation into its impact on maternal and perinatal outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7665,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Reproductive Immunology","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142909000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of the Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index and Systemic Immune-Response Index in the Prediction of Adverse Outcomes in Pregnant Women With Antiphospholipid Syndrome","authors":"Şükran Doğru,&nbsp;Huriye Ezveci,&nbsp;Fikriye Karanfil Yaman,&nbsp;Ülfet Sena Metin,&nbsp;Ali Acar","doi":"10.1111/aji.70032","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aji.70032","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Problem</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aims to evaluate the role of the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and the systemic immune-response index (SIRI) in predicting adverse perinatal outcomes (APO) in pregnant women with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This is a retrospective case–control study at the tertiary center, between January 2015 and January 2023. The study included APS cases and a low-risk control group. Pregnant women with APS (<i>n</i> = 52) and controls (<i>n</i> = 104) were compared between SII and SIRI values taken in the first trimester (1) and the last month before birth (2). It was examined whether these indexes predicted APO in cases with APS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the APS group, SII and SIRI values taken in the first trimester (1) and in the last month before birth (2) were significantly lower than in the control group (<i>p</i> = 0.015, <i>p</i> = 0.023, <i>p</i> = 0.001, <i>p</i> = 0.001, respectively). The small for gestational age (SGA) rate was 30.8% and the stillbirth rate was 11.5% in the APS group (<i>p</i> = 0.017, <i>p</i> = 0.001). The optimum cutoff values for SGA were 584.97 (75% sensitivity, 77.8% specificity), 688.50 (62.5% sensitivity, 62.9% specificity), and 1.02 (56.3% sensitivity, 77.8% specificity) for SII 1, SII 2, and SIRI 1, respectively. The optimum cutoff value for stillbirth was 1.23 for SIRI 2 (83.3% sensitivity, 89.1% specificity, <i>p</i> = 0.004).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Pregnant women with APS had decreased blood indices in the first trimester and the last month before birth compared to the control group. In cases with APS, these indices can predict APOs like SGA and stillbirth.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7665,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Reproductive Immunology","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142909011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vaginal Microbiome: Environmental, Biological, and Racial Influences on Gynecological Health Across the Lifespan","authors":"Eleni Dubé-Zinatelli,&nbsp;Luna Cappelletti,&nbsp;Nafissa Ismail","doi":"10.1111/aji.70026","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aji.70026","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The human vaginal microbiome (VMB) is a complex and unique ecosystem composed of various microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, archaea, viruses, and candidate phyla radiation. A healthy VMB is often characterized by the presence of <i>Lactobacillus</i> species, which play a crucial role in protecting and maintaining homeostasis within the vaginal environment. When this balance is disrupted, the protection of the vaginal epithelium weakens, leading to a reduction in <i>Lactobacillus</i> species and an increased risk of various gynecological and reproductive health issues. However, this generalized description can lead to misconceptions and an incomplete understanding of vaginal health, as <i>Lactobacillus</i> is not always dominant across all ages and racialized groups. Therefore, this review provides a comprehensive analysis of the environmental, biological, and racial influences on the VMB at each stage of a woman's life, highlighting their implications for gynecological health and offering a holistic understanding of the VMB for all women.</p>","PeriodicalId":7665,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Reproductive Immunology","volume":"92 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11640209/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142816971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index, Systemic Inflammation Response Index, and Pan-Immune Inflammation Value in the Prediction of Preeclampsia: A Retrospective Cohort Study","authors":"Sadullah Özkan,&nbsp;Murat Levent Dereli,&nbsp;Fahri Burcin Firatligil,&nbsp;Dilara Kurt,&nbsp;Ahmet Kurt,&nbsp;Serap Topkara Sucu,&nbsp;Sadun Sucu,&nbsp;Sevki Celen,&nbsp;Yaprak Engin-Ustun","doi":"10.1111/aji.70029","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aji.70029","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aim of the study was to investigate the role of systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), systemic inflammation response index (SIRI), and pan-immune inflammation value (PIV) calculated from first trimester complete blood count (CBC) in predicting preeclampsia without (PE) and with severe features (PE-SF).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This retrospective cohort study included 126 women with PE, 126 women with PE-SF, and 126 women with healthy, normotensive pregnancies delivered at a large tertiary referral hospital between 2018 and 2022. The main outcome measures were SII, SIRI, and PIV.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>SII scores differed significantly between the control versus PE and control versus PE-SF groups, while SIRI scores showed a significant difference between the control versus PE and PE versus PE-SF groups. However, the PIV values showed a significant difference in all three groups. According to the receiver operating characteristic analysis performed for the discriminatory power of SII, SIRI, and PIV, the area under the curve (AUC) values were 0.801, 0.609, and 0.774 for the prediction of PE and 0.535, 0.701, and 0751 for the prediction of PE-SF, respectively. An SII with a cutoff value of &gt; 620.59×10³/µL (sensitivity 81%, specificity 67%) and an SIRI with a cutoff value of &gt; 0.94×10³/µL (sensitivity 74%, specificity 69%) had the highest discriminatory power for the prediction of PE and PE-SF, respectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results suggest an association between high SII, PIV, and SIRI results and an increased risk of future PE and could be used as a first trimester screening test to improve decision making in the prediction of PE.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7665,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Reproductive Immunology","volume":"92 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142816969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-Centromere Protein A Antibody Disrupts the Competence of Mouse Oocytes Matured In Vitro","authors":"Masashi Shioya,&nbsp;Keiichi Takahashi,&nbsp;Shun Nakano,&nbsp;Tatsuya Kobayashi,&nbsp;Kaori Koga,&nbsp;Makio Shozu","doi":"10.1111/aji.70024","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aji.70024","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Anticentromere autoantibodies are associated with refractory IVF/ET failure, but causality is unclear. Experimental models are needed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Immature oocytes collected from 23-day-old mice were matured in vitro for 18 h in a culture medium containing an anti-human centromere protein A (CENP-A) polyclonal antibody, and those oocytes’ maturity and chromosome/spindle structure were assessed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Antibody exposure did not affect the germinal vesicle breakdown ratio but reduced the first polar body formation ratio by 13% at the highest concentration (70.0 µg/mL). Metaphase II (MII) oocytes were stained for chromosomes/spindles and grouped into aligned/barrel-like (AB), scattered/weakly-stained (SW), and condensed/absent (CA). Antibody exposure decreased AB and increased SW and CA in a dose-dependent manner. The AB/SW/CA percentages were 86/14/0, 86/14/0, <span>35</span>/<span>65</span>/0, and 0/0/<span>100</span> in the 0, 17.5, 35.0, and 70.0 µg/mL antibody groups, respectively (underlined values represent <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05 compared with 0 µg/mL). Next, metaphase II oocytes were subjected to intracytoplasmic sperm injection, and the number of pronucleus/pronuclei (PN) was counted 6 h later. Antibody exposure decreased two pronuclei oocytes and increased non-two pronuclei oocytes dose-dependently. The percentages of 0/1/2/3 pronuclei oocytes were 43/0/57/0, 37/0/21/<span>42</span>, 16/<span>28</span>/48/8, and <span>91</span>/4/<span>4</span>/0 in the 0, 17.5, 35.0, and 70.0 µg/mL groups, respectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Anti-CENP-A antibody impaired a linear alignment of chromosomes at metaphase II and enhanced one or three PN formation after ICSI, which are similar to findings reported for infertile women with anticentromere autoantibodies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7665,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Reproductive Immunology","volume":"92 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142811778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association of ACA on Embryonic Development and Pregnancy Outcomes in Patients Undergoing IVF/ICSI Treatment","authors":"Ruochun Lian,&nbsp;Ximin Zhang,&nbsp;Zhiqiang Liu,&nbsp;Cong Chen,&nbsp;Rong Lin,&nbsp;Meilan Mo,&nbsp;Yan Yuan,&nbsp;Yong Zeng,&nbsp;Qing Sun,&nbsp;Xian Chen","doi":"10.1111/aji.70025","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aji.70025","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate whether anti-centromere antibody (ACA) is associated with embryonic development and clinical outcomes in patients undergoing IVF/ICSI treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Women who underwent fresh or frozen embryo transfer cycles at a reproductive center between January 1, 2017 and January 1, 2023, were retrospectively studied. Women were divided into ACA– group and ACA+ group according to ACA levels. After controlling the bias between groups using the propensity score-matching (PSM) method, the impact of ACA on embryonic development and clinical outcomes was compared between the two groups. Propensity score regression adjustment and inverse probability treatment weighting were used for sensitivity analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 18 578 patients with ACA screening information were included in the analytical sample, with 164 patients (0.88%) diagnosing ACA positive. After 1:3 PSM, 656 patients (492 in the ACA– group, 164 in the ACA+ group) were finally included. There were significant differences in the rates of cleavage, available embryo, blastocyst formation, and high-quality blastocyst formation between the ACA– group and the ACA+ group. Linear regression analysis indicated that ACA was negatively associated with the rates of available embryos on Day 3, blastocyst formation, and high-quality blastocyst formation after adjusting potential confounding factors. Binary logistic regression analysis suggests that ACA positivity does not affect clinical outcomes after IVF/ICSI treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this cohort study of patients undergoing IVF/ICSI treatment, ACA positivity significantly interfered with embryonic development. These findings suggest that ACA evaluation before IVF/ICSI treatment might be a promising biomarker for predicting embryonic development but not for clinical outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7665,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Reproductive Immunology","volume":"92 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142811784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neonatal SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccination Efficacy Is Influenced by Maternal Antibodies: Correspondence","authors":"Hinpetch Daungsupawong,&nbsp;Viroj Wiwanitkit","doi":"10.1111/aji.70028","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aji.70028","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7665,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Reproductive Immunology","volume":"92 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142805870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal and Spatial Variation of the Human Placental Microbiota During Pregnancy","authors":"Liping Liu,&nbsp;Tingting Yin,&nbsp;Xin Zhang,&nbsp;Lizhou Sun,&nbsp;Yin Yin","doi":"10.1111/aji.70023","DOIUrl":"10.1111/aji.70023","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Problem</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Previously believed sterile, the placenta hosts distinct microbial species across various locations. This study aims to elucidate the temporal and spatial variations of placental microbiota throughout gestation, addressing gaps in current understanding.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method of Study</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A case–control study at a single-center compared microbial profiles in pregnant women delivering preterm (&lt;37 weeks) or at term (&gt;37 weeks) across placental sites: basal plate, fetal membranes, and placental villous. Microbial abundance and diversity were evaluated using QIIME and the R package “Phyloseq,” while Q-PCR with specific primers validated absolute abundance in samples.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found no alteration in bacterial communities based on delivery mode across all samples. Q-PCR detected low-abundance bacteria, notably enriched in preterm samples, especially in early preterm cases. Throughout gestation, bacterial composition varied, with increasing levels of Proteobacteria and Firmicutes observed in the placenta. Significant differences in bacterial profiles were noted across locations and gestational stages, with <i>Ralstonia insidiosa</i> consistently present in the basal plate throughout gestation. Species-specific Q-PCR confirmed the presence of Ralstonia and revealed an inverse relationship between <i>Streptococcus agalactiae</i> and pregnancy progression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The placenta hosts its own microbiome, with distinct profiles observed between term and preterm samples. Further research is needed to clarify the impact of bacterial dysbiosis on preterm birth and develop methods to distinguish pathological bacteria from the natural microbiome.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7665,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Reproductive Immunology","volume":"92 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142783968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cyclophosphamide-Induced Infertility and the Impact of Antioxidants","authors":"Morteza Abdi,&nbsp;Manouchehr Fadaee,&nbsp;Amirreza jourabchi,&nbsp;Hadi Karimzadeh,&nbsp;Tohid Kazemi","doi":"10.1111/aji.70014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aji.70014","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An important drawback of anticancer chemotherapy is the harm it causes to healthy cells. Cyclophosphamide (CP) is a widely used chemotherapeutic alkylating agent that is regularly used in cancer treatment. However, it can cause severe side effects, including genotoxicity, due to its ability to damage DNA. This toxicity is thought to be associated with oxidative stress induced by an excessive amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Therefore, there is a specific focus on the potential effects of anticancer treatments on fertility. Due to the increasing life expectancy of cancer patients, those desiring parenthood may face the negative impacts of therapies. Utilizing substances with antioxidant and cytoprotective characteristics to protect the reproductive system from harmful consequences during chemotherapy would be highly beneficial. This review introduces the physiological and pathological roles of ROS in the reproductive systems of both males and females, then we address the adverse effects of CP administration on infertility and discuss how antioxidants can reverse these effects.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7665,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Reproductive Immunology","volume":"92 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142764160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}