American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine最新文献

{"title":"The gut speaks to the lung: Fecal microbiota and survival in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.","authors":"Imran Sulaiman, Toby M Maher","doi":"10.1093/ajrccm/aamag410","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ajrccm/aamag410","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7664,"journal":{"name":"American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine","volume":" ","pages":"2299-2300"},"PeriodicalIF":21.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148672910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Macrophage membrane-coated nanoparticles enhance survival in models of severe bacterial pneumonia","authors":"Katie Spencer,Michael A Matthay","doi":"10.1093/ajrccm/aamag539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ajrccm/aamag539","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7664,"journal":{"name":"American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":24.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149089207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age-Stratified Dominance Does Not Establish Age-Dependent Predictor Importance","authors":"Yue Chang","doi":"10.1093/ajrccm/aamag519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ajrccm/aamag519","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7664,"journal":{"name":"American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine","volume":"294 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":24.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149089209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary extraosseous osteosarcoma of trachea in an adult.","authors":"Yun Lin, Xuexin Li, Yan Ma, Xinliang Pan","doi":"10.1093/ajrccm/aamag212","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ajrccm/aamag212","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7664,"journal":{"name":"American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine","volume":" ","pages":"2632-2633"},"PeriodicalIF":21.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147969654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between fungi and postoperative recurrence in eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis.","authors":"Naoto Adachi, Masanori Kidoguchi, Rieko Ii, Yoshimasa Imoto, Keisuke Koyama, Satoshi Aoki, Kazuhiro Omura, Atsushi Kato, Emiko Noguchi, Shigeharu Fujieda","doi":"10.1093/ajrccm/aamag254","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ajrccm/aamag254","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7664,"journal":{"name":"American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine","volume":" ","pages":"2643-2646"},"PeriodicalIF":21.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13624803/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148040747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term effectiveness and safety of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator modulators and their impact on the lives of people with cystic fibrosis.","authors":"Mirjam Stahl, Marcus A Mall, Bonnie Ramsey, Kathleen J Ramos","doi":"10.1093/ajrccm/aamag149","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ajrccm/aamag149","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7664,"journal":{"name":"American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine","volume":" ","pages":"2520-2529"},"PeriodicalIF":21.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13589916/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147832803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The climate crisis is a cancer crisis.","authors":"Joan H Schiller","doi":"10.1093/ajrccm/aamag390","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ajrccm/aamag390","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7664,"journal":{"name":"American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine","volume":" ","pages":"2671-2672"},"PeriodicalIF":21.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148590277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cystic fibrosis in 2026: game over, or game on? Introduction to an AJRCCM special section on cystic fibrosis.","authors":"Andrew Bush, Bonnie Ramsey","doi":"10.1093/ajrccm/aamag412","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ajrccm/aamag412","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7664,"journal":{"name":"American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine","volume":" ","pages":"2518-2519"},"PeriodicalIF":21.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148700587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of white blood cell count with treatment response to cefepime versus piperacillin-tazobactam.","authors":"Daniel I Rzewnicki, Rishi Chanderraj, Edward T Qian, Matthew W Semler, Jonathan D Casey, Todd W Rice, Craig M Coopersmith, Ying He, Mark Nuppnau, Hallie C Prescott, Andrew J Admon, Robert P Dickson, Michael W Sjoding, Sivasubramanium V Bhavani","doi":"10.1093/ajrccm/aamag257","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ajrccm/aamag257","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Rationale: </strong>Empiric anti-pseudomonal coverage is an important part of treatment of sepsis, but there are limited data to guide antibiotic selection. The Antibiotic Choice on Renal Outcomes (ACORN) randomized trial found no difference in mortality when comparing cefepime and piperacillin-tazobactam, while an instrumental variable (IV) study found improved mortality with cefepime.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To determine if white blood cell (WBC) count modifies the effect of antibiotic choice on mortality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted post hoc subgroup analyses of the ACORN trial and the IV study comparing cefepime to piperacillin-tazobactam. We performed regression modeling of interaction between treatment group and WBC on 28-day mortality with adjustment for relevant covariates, with evaluation for heterogeneity of treatment effect through likelihood ratio testing.</p><p><strong>Measurements and main results: </strong>The main outcome was 28-day mortality in both cohorts. Secondary outcomes in the secondary analysis of the ACORN trial included highest stage of acute kidney injury on an ordinal scale, a composite outcome of major adverse kidney events, and incidence of coma or delirium within 14 days. There was a significant interaction between WBC and treatment group in predicting 28-day mortality in both the ACORN trial and the IV study (odds ratio [OR], 0.95 [95% CI, 0.92-0.98], P <.01 and OR, 0.95 [95% CI, 0.94-0.96], P <.01, respectively), with likelihood ratio testing revealing better model fit with inclusion of the interaction term (F = 8.17, P =<.01 and F = 42.9, P <.01, respectively). In the ACORN cohort, patients with a baseline WBC count of 16 or higher had significantly lower odds of mortality when treated with piperacillin-tazobactam compared to cefepime (OR, 0.51 [95% CI, 0.29-0.90]).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>WBC modified the effect of antibiotic choice on mortality in 2 large clinical studies. Further research is needed to confirm this effect in prospective studies and to determine if WBC count could be used for predictive enrichment in future trials of anti-pseudomonal antibiotics.</p>","PeriodicalId":7664,"journal":{"name":"American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine","volume":" ","pages":"2607-2617"},"PeriodicalIF":21.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13624809/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148222616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex-related transcriptomic differences in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.","authors":"Aravind A Menon, Matthew Moll, Janelle V Pugashetti, Angela L Linderholm, Gabrielle Y Liu, Rachana Krishna, Shwu-Fan Ma, Imre Noth, Gary M Hunninghake, Carol Feghali-Bostwick, Auyon J Ghosh","doi":"10.1093/ajrccm/aamag080","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ajrccm/aamag080","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7664,"journal":{"name":"American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine","volume":" ","pages":"2510-2513"},"PeriodicalIF":21.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13580208/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147282078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}