American Journal of Primatology最新文献_第2页

Postural Infant Carrying Adaptations by Wild Eastern Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) With Limb Disabilities. 肢体残疾的野生东方黑猩猩（Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii）体位携带婴儿的适应性。

IF 1.8 3区生物学

American Journal of Primatology Pub Date : 2026-04-01 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.70152

Hella Péter, John Walter Akankwasa, Vicent Kizza, Klaus Zuberbühler, Catherine Hobaiter

{"title":"Postural Infant Carrying Adaptations by Wild Eastern Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) With Limb Disabilities.","authors":"Hella Péter, John Walter Akankwasa, Vicent Kizza, Klaus Zuberbühler, Catherine Hobaiter","doi":"10.1002/ajp.70152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajp.70152","url":null,"abstract":"Wild primates can become disabled due to congenital disabilities, illness, or injuries from falls and traps. Given their substantial behavioral flexibility, individuals are often able to adapt locomotion and foraging techniques to their needs, but likely incur increased energetic costs. For disabled primate mothers, the combination of altered locomotion, lactation, and infant carrying could pose a substantial energetic challenge that requires specific accommodation. Here, we describe the postural modifications for infant carrying used by five eastern chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) mothers with significant limb disabilities caused by snare injuries and compare their technique to non-disabled mothers in the same community. We describe shifts in ventral and dorsal infant carry location, as well as additional support provided to infants. Disabled mothers had altered preferences towards specific infant carrying styles and positions, and novel carrying positions not seen in non-disabled mothers. We suggest disabled chimpanzee mothers use postural adaptations to mitigate the energetic costs of infant carrying while disabled, shifting their infants' weight to an individually specific position. We discuss the plasticity of infant carrying, with individual variation present in both disabled and non-disabled mothers. We highlight that this plasticity is not unlimited, and that certain types of limb disability appear to have a substantial impact on reproductive success.","PeriodicalId":7662,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Primatology","volume":"88 4","pages":"e70152"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147669815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of Social Pairing on Measurable Disease Outcomes in Hospitalized Rhesus Macaques (Macaca mulatta) 社会配对对住院恒河猴可测量疾病转归的影响。

IF 1.8 3区生物学

American Journal of Primatology Pub Date : 2026-04-01 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.70144

Madeline C. Burke, Andrew J. Haertel, Allison Heagerty, Brandy L. Dozier

{"title":"Effects of Social Pairing on Measurable Disease Outcomes in Hospitalized Rhesus Macaques (Macaca mulatta)","authors":"Madeline C. Burke, Andrew J. Haertel, Allison Heagerty, Brandy L. Dozier","doi":"10.1002/ajp.70144","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajp.70144","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 Rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) living in outdoor breeding colonies may require transient housing in an indoor hospital setting. While previous studies have documented the benefits of socially housing macaques to promote psychosocial wellbeing, concerns of pathogen transmission or wound tampering may influence pairing decisions during clinical treatment. The aim of the present study was to determine whether paired social housing during hospitalization affects 1) length of treatment time, 2) incidence of hospital-acquired diarrhea, and 3) enteric pathogen transmission. We hypothesized that there would be no significant differences in the length of treatment time, incidence of hospital-acquired diarrhea, or change in the number of enteric pathogens between paired and unpaired groups. The first study population was a retrospective data set comprising 591 animals (105 paired, 486 unpaired) presenting with digit injuries over a 6.5-year period. The second study population was a prospective set of 40 animals enrolled upon presentation to the nonhuman primate colony hospital. Analyses showed no significant differences in the length of treatment time, incidence of hospital-acquired diarrhea, nor change in the number of enteric pathogens detected in stool samples collected on Days 0 and 7 associated with pairing status. These findings support our hypotheses, and we conclude that this study provides no evidence to support using concerns of prolonged treatment times, hospital-acquired diarrhea, and enteric pathogen transmission between conspecifics to limit social housing in a hospital setting. Therefore, we recommend that clinical and behavioral teams work together to advocate for social housing of clinically ill or injured patients.</div>","PeriodicalId":7662,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Primatology","volume":"88 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147589445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Landscape Attributes Shape Population Density Patterns of Black and Gold Howler Monkeys (Alouatta caraya) Across Their Southern Range. 景观属性塑造了黑吼猴和金吼猴（Alouatta caraya）在其南部活动范围内的种群密度模式。

IF 1.8 3区生物学

American Journal of Primatology Pub Date : 2026-04-01 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.70155

Rodrigo Bay-Jouliá, Débora R Gilles, Nicolás Gorostiaga, Florencia Quijano, Gimena Illia, Marcela Orozco, Martín Kowalewski

{"title":"Landscape Attributes Shape Population Density Patterns of Black and Gold Howler Monkeys (Alouatta caraya) Across Their Southern Range.","authors":"Rodrigo Bay-Jouliá, Débora R Gilles, Nicolás Gorostiaga, Florencia Quijano, Gimena Illia, Marcela Orozco, Martín Kowalewski","doi":"10.1002/ajp.70155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajp.70155","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding the drivers of spatial variation in primate population attributes is essential, especially in human-modified landscapes. However, most research has focused on assessing the effects of forest patch size on presence-absence data rather than how landscape attributes can shape population density. Numerous studies have presented data on Alouatta caraya (A. caraya) populations across their distribution, revealing variation in population densities among sites. Although there are hypotheses to explain why population density varies, the ecological factors influencing such variation remain poorly understood. We aim to explore the effects of landscape attributes, climatic and ecological variables in A. caraya population density throughout its southern range. We gathered a database of population data of A. caraya, and tested the effects of landscape attributes, land-use, temperature, precipitation, seasonality, elevation, and presence of sympatric species on the population density using generalized linear models. Total forest cover and landscape configuration were the most influential predictors of A. caraya density, while the presence of other species had a low but non-significant effect, and land-use and climatic variables had a weaker or no effect. Overall, howler density increases in landscapes when there is a larger number of patches of forest mixed with a heterogeneous matrix. These results support the assumptions that ecologically flexible species may positively respond to forest fragmentation, highlighting the conservation value that small patches can have for some species. As A. caraya is a forest-dependent species, conservation efforts should prioritize maintaining and enhancing patch connectivity to ensure the long-term persistence of their populations.","PeriodicalId":7662,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Primatology","volume":"88 4","pages":"e70155"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147721296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Comparison of Chimpanzee Density Estimators in Southern Congo. 刚果南部黑猩猩密度估计值的比较。

IF 1.8 3区生物学

American Journal of Primatology Pub Date : 2026-04-01 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.70154

Enrique Villamarin, Marc Fourrier, Silvia Espinosa-Ruiz, Chris Sutherland, Rebeca Atencia

{"title":"A Comparison of Chimpanzee Density Estimators in Southern Congo.","authors":"Enrique Villamarin, Marc Fourrier, Silvia Espinosa-Ruiz, Chris Sutherland, Rebeca Atencia","doi":"10.1002/ajp.70154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajp.70154","url":null,"abstract":"Chimpanzee populations have declined severely in recent decades because of habitat loss and illegal hunting, emphasizing the need to monitor population density to support conservation. Since 1992, the Jane Goodall Institute has led chimpanzee conservation efforts in the Republic of Congo through the Tchimpounga Chimpanzee Rehabilitation Center and, more recently, the Tchimpounga Nature Reserve (TNR), in partnership with the Ministry of Forest Economy. The abundance of central chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes troglodytes) in the country is largely unknown, with existing studies restricted to conservation projects in Nouabale-Ndoki, Odzala-Kokua, and Conkouati-Douli National Parks. In 2019, we conducted a study in the TNR to estimate chimpanzee density using Spatially Explicit Capture-Recapture (SECR) analysis based on camera trap data. We compared SECR estimates with non-spatial capture-recapture (CR) and the distance sampling standing-crop nest count method. Our results show that SECR provided the most reliable estimates in terms of precision and cost-effectiveness. Over 6 months, 116 chimpanzees were identified across 17 of 28 camera traps deployed in a 252 km² grid. SECR estimated a density of 0.87 chimpanzees/km² (95% CI: 0.58-1.30), while distance sampling produced a similar estimate of 0.81 chimpanzees/km² (95% CI: 0.43-1.53). This study is the first to apply SECR to great apes in the Republic of Congo and provides a foundation for future research and improved conservation management in the TNR.","PeriodicalId":7662,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Primatology","volume":"88 4","pages":"e70154"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147687655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gestural Sequences in Wild Spider Monkeys (Ateles geoffroyi). 野生蜘蛛猴的手势序列。

IF 1.8 3区生物学

American Journal of Primatology Pub Date : 2026-04-01 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.70156

Eva Corral, Sara Cardoso Rodriguez, Katja Liebal, Miquel Llorente, Federica Amici

{"title":"Gestural Sequences in Wild Spider Monkeys (Ateles geoffroyi).","authors":"Eva Corral, Sara Cardoso Rodriguez, Katja Liebal, Miquel Llorente, Federica Amici","doi":"10.1002/ajp.70156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajp.70156","url":null,"abstract":"To date, research on gestural communication in species other than great apes has been quite limited, especially in their natural habitat, although including a broader range of species in different settings is essential for identifying evolutionary patterns and determining whether some of the fundamental characteristics of human communication are widely shared across primates. In this study, we specifically aimed to explore the use of gestural sequences in Geoffroy's spider monkeys (Ateles geoffroyi), a species for which research on gestural communication remains scarce. To this end, we conducted behavioral observations, recording focal video samples of a wild group of 54 individuals. From the videos, we coded all gestures (N = 709), of which 182 occurred alone and 527 occurred within 125 sequences, which mostly consisted of 2-4 successive gestures. The odds of producing gestural sequences rather than single gestures were higher in the contexts of play, aggression and sexual behavior. In contrast, there was no significant effect of signaler's sex and age on the odds of producing a gestural sequence rather than a single gesture. Only three sequences (i.e., embrace-pectoral sniff, push-present climb, grab-grab pull) occurred more than twice and were not mere repetitions of the same gesture type. Our results show that gestural sequences are used by platyrrhines in several different contexts, although more studies are needed to understand their function.","PeriodicalId":7662,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Primatology","volume":"88 4","pages":"e70156"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13113221/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147760058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Selection and use of Sleeping Sites by Coppery titi Monkeys, Plecturocebus cupreus 铜猴（Plecturocebus cupreus）睡眠地点的选择与利用。

IF 1.8 3区生物学

American Journal of Primatology Pub Date : 2026-04-01 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.70142

Sofya Dolotovskaya, Emérita R. Tirado Herrera, Elvis J. Charpentier Uraco, Jhonnatan M. Rynaby Rengifo, Jenna Kulp, David B. Wood, Eckhard W. Heymann

{"title":"Selection and use of Sleeping Sites by Coppery titi Monkeys, Plecturocebus cupreus","authors":"Sofya Dolotovskaya, Emérita R. Tirado Herrera, Elvis J. Charpentier Uraco, Jhonnatan M. Rynaby Rengifo, Jenna Kulp, David B. Wood, Eckhard W. Heymann","doi":"10.1002/ajp.70142","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajp.70142","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 Sleeping site selection in primates has linked to predator avoidance, parasite avoidance, thermoregulation, foraging efficiency, home range defense, and risk avoidance. To test these hypotheses and to investigate the influence of other factors, such as group composition, we examined sleeping tree usage in nine wild groups of coppery titi monkeys, Plecturocebus cupreus, in Peruvian Amazonia. Titi monkeys used larger trees than the average trees in their habitat, preferred closed trees, slept in high concealed locations, retired before sunset, and generally avoided reusing trees on consecutive nights. These findings suggest that predator avoidance, parasite avoidance, and thermoregulation drive sleeping tree choice. Although groups never slept in feeding trees, they used multiple sleeping trees, and the distances between them and the first and last feeding trees of the day were short compared to daily travel distances, suggesting that foraging efficiency may play a limited role in sleeping tree selection. The home range defense hypothesis received no support, as sleeping trees were not concentrated near the range boundaries. Instead, groups preferred to sleep in the core areas, suggesting that they select sleeping trees to minimize the risk of intergroup encounters. Females typically entered the sleeping trees first, while males entered last when groups had offspring, probably reflecting the leading female role in pair-living species and the more active male role in anti-predator defense. This study suggests that predator and parasite avoidance, thermoregulation, and risk avoidance, along with group composition, influence sleeping site selection and patterns of use in P. cupreus.</div>","PeriodicalId":7662,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Primatology","volume":"88 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147589407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Post-Release Survival and Behavior of Rehabilitated Vervet Monkeys (Chlorocebus pygerythrus rufoviridis) in Malawi. 马拉维康复的黑尾猴（Chlorocebus pygerythrus rufoviridis）释放后的生存和行为。

IF 1.8 3区生物学

American Journal of Primatology Pub Date : 2026-04-01 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.70151

Laura P Angley, Nicholas Mikulski, Olivia Sievert, Amanda Harwood, William O Mgoola, Christopher A Schmitt

{"title":"Post-Release Survival and Behavior of Rehabilitated Vervet Monkeys (Chlorocebus pygerythrus rufoviridis) in Malawi.","authors":"Laura P Angley, Nicholas Mikulski, Olivia Sievert, Amanda Harwood, William O Mgoola, Christopher A Schmitt","doi":"10.1002/ajp.70151","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajp.70151","url":null,"abstract":"Published research on primate rehabilitation and release (R&R) is limited and studies suggest that released mortality is generally high. We investigated factors affecting survival and behavior of a rehabilitated troop of vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus pygerythrus rufoviridis) released into Kasungu National Park in Malawi in 2016 by the Lilongwe Wildlife Trust (LWT). Estimated troop survival 9 months after release was 45% when dispersing-age male disappearances were considered emigrations, which is comparable to other vervet monkey R&R. Using a combination of linear modeling, survival analysis, and social network analysis, we considered social rank, forest strata use, antipredator behavior, troop cohesion and social connectedness, and behavioral diversity across release phases as potential factors influencing survival. Our results suggest that socially connected individuals and juveniles were more likely to survive, with these factors more significant than sex, social rank, and antipredator behavior. Unexpectedly, antipredator behavior significantly decreased after release, which may be a factor linked to increased predation. Also unexpectedly, behavioral diversity decreased post-release, likely due to a significant increase in locomotion upon release and limitations with our ethogram. The observed mortality patterns suggest that R&R troops may benefit from pre-release training with platform feeders that encourage canopy use. When possible, individual life history data (e.g., captive-born, orphaned) should be collected at rescue and rehabilitation stages to help inform caretakers of unique needs. LWT's extensive pre- and post-release monitoring provides vital insights into the factors influencing this troop's survival. We urge other rehabilitation centers to follow this strategy to improve R&R programs.","PeriodicalId":7662,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Primatology","volume":"88 4","pages":"e70151"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13094326/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147721348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

IF 1.8 3区生物学

American Journal of Primatology Pub Date : 2026-04-01 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.70157

Lili R Lurye, Daniel L Smith, William A Liguore, Steven G Kohama, Alison R Weiss

{"title":"Age-Related Differences in Short Term Spatial Memory in Rhesus Macaques.","authors":"Lili R Lurye, Daniel L Smith, William A Liguore, Steven G Kohama, Alison R Weiss","doi":"10.1002/ajp.70157","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajp.70157","url":null,"abstract":"Previous studies revealed deficits in working memory among old macaques (> 20 years old) compared to younger macaques (< 14 years old) but have not thoroughly assessed these metrics in middle-aged macaques (14-19 years old). Here, we sought to develop a high-throughput adaptation of the 2-choice delayed response task of spatial working memory suitable to query middle-aged macaques in comparison to young-adult and very old rhesus macaques. We administered our manual 3-choice delayed response task to male and female monkeys ranging in age from 7 to 27 years, and included 3 choice locations to avoid floor effects and improve task sensitivity. Critically, Acquisition was limited to 15 blocks of 30 trials and used a short 1-second delay. Spatial memory was then probed using variable delays of 5, 10, 30, and 60 s. Retrieval accuracy (percent correct) significantly decreased with increasing delay length and age, as expected. In addition, we developed a new method to quantify the temporal and spatial distribution of responses and assess perseverative responding. The results identified age-dependent differences in memory, learning and perseveration, suggesting a decline in cognitive flexibility in late adulthood contributed to the memory deficits measured here. This task refinement therefore provides a novel approach to quantify errors in this age-sensitive short-term spatial memory task.","PeriodicalId":7662,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Primatology","volume":"88 4","pages":"e70157"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13116074/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147760126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nocturnal Mating Behavior in Tibetan Macaques: The Low-Ranking Male's Path to Mating Success 西藏猕猴的夜间交配行为：低等级雄性的交配成功之路。

IF 1.8 3区生物学

American Journal of Primatology Pub Date : 2026-03-27 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.70138

Tong Zhang, Pei-Pei Yang, Wen-Bo Li, Dong-Xin Yang, Xi-Wen Zhang, Xin Gao, Qi-Xin Zhang, Xi Wang, Jin-Hua Li

{"title":"Nocturnal Mating Behavior in Tibetan Macaques: The Low-Ranking Male's Path to Mating Success","authors":"Tong Zhang, Pei-Pei Yang, Wen-Bo Li, Dong-Xin Yang, Xi-Wen Zhang, Xin Gao, Qi-Xin Zhang, Xi Wang, Jin-Hua Li","doi":"10.1002/ajp.70138","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajp.70138","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 This study constitutes the first comprehensive study on nocturnal mating behavior in primates conducted to date. Our objective is to explore the patterns and the influencing factors of nocturnal mating in Tibetan macaques (Macaca thibetana), with a particular focus on the mating strategies employed by low-ranking males. To investigate nocturnal mating behavior in a typically diurnal primate, we conducted a 4-year study (2021–2025) on one group of free-ranging Tibetan macaques at Mount Huangshan, China, employing 4 G solar-powered night-vision cameras for systematic documentation and analysis. Our results indicated that the nocturnal mating behavior of Tibetan macaques follows a bimodal distribution. Successful mating at night did not differ significantly between high- and low-ranking males, indicating that subordinates gained increased mating opportunities under the cover of darkness. At the group level, nocturnal mating frequently occurred in the absence of high-ranking individuals, and the total duration, thrusting duration, and number of thrusts were all significantly greater than during daytime events. The number of nocturnal non-force mating events was significantly higher in low-ranking males than in their high-ranking ones. Still from the group perspective, a significant positive correlation was found between lunar illumination and mating frequency when considered independently of other factors. We proposed that nocturnal mating serves as an alternative reproductive tactic for Tibetan macaques, thereby enhancing low-ranking males' reproductive opportunities. These findings expanded our understanding of the behavioral flexibility inherent in the mating systems of diurnal primates, also offering novel insights into the study of human mating behavior.</div>","PeriodicalId":7662,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Primatology","volume":"88 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147525319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Radiographic Assessment of Spinal Degeneration in Vervet Monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops): Prevalence, Patterns, and Relevance to Primate Aging Models 黑尾猴（Chlorocebus aethiops）脊柱退化的放射学评估：患病率、模式和与灵长类动物衰老模型的相关性。

IF 1.8 3区生物学

American Journal of Primatology Pub Date : 2026-03-23 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.70136

Camille Gabriela Ramos Portal, Aline Amaral Imbeloni, Sheila Canevese Rahal, Wellington Bandeira da Silva, Washington Takashi Kano, Seizo Yamashita, Pedro Mayor, Frederico Ozanan Barros Monteiro

{"title":"Radiographic Assessment of Spinal Degeneration in Vervet Monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops): Prevalence, Patterns, and Relevance to Primate Aging Models","authors":"Camille Gabriela Ramos Portal, Aline Amaral Imbeloni, Sheila Canevese Rahal, Wellington Bandeira da Silva, Washington Takashi Kano, Seizo Yamashita, Pedro Mayor, Frederico Ozanan Barros Monteiro","doi":"10.1002/ajp.70136","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajp.70136","url":null,"abstract":"Degenerative changes of the vertebral column are common in aging primates; however, patterns of spinal osteopathy remain poorly characterized across small- and medium-bodied primate species, limiting comparative interpretations of skeletal aging. Expanding assessments beyond well-studied taxa provides a broader framework for understanding primate musculoskeletal senescence and generates baseline data essential for interpreting vertebral degeneration in wild and semi-free-ranging populations, where ecological and life-history factors influence skeletal aging. We investigated age-, sex-, and body mass–related variation in vertebral osteopathies radiographically assessed in 70 captive vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops). Osteophytes were the most frequent lesion (78.6%), followed by discopathy (12.7%), syndesmophytes (2.9%), and scoliosis (1.4%). Age was the primary predictor of osteophyte presence across spinal regions, whereas sex and body mass showed no significant independent effects. In contrast, total osteophyte scores were significantly higher in older, heavier individuals, and females exhibited slightly higher adjusted scores than males. Nonlinear regression models revealed distinct age-related trajectories among spinal regions, with osteophytes emerging earliest in the lumbar spine (~ 1 year), followed by the cervical (~ 7 years) and thoracic (~ 9 years) regions. These findings characterize the natural history of spinal degeneration in vervet monkeys under captive conditions and provide comparative baseline data for distinguishing age-related changes from pathological alterations in both captive and free-ranging primate populations.","PeriodicalId":7662,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Primatology","volume":"88 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13006768/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147497342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0