American Journal of Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Contingency Management for Stimulant Use Disorder and Association With Mortality: A Cohort Study.","authors":"Lara N Coughlin,Devin C Tomlinson,Lan Zhang,H Myra Kim,Madeline C Frost,Gabriela Khazanov,James R McKay,Dominick DePhilippis,Lewei Allison Lin","doi":"10.1176/appi.ajp.20250053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.20250053","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVEWhile opioid overdose has begun to decrease in recent years, stimulant overdose has continued to increase and has not been adequately addressed. Unlike opioid use disorder, there are no medications approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to treat stimulant use disorder (StUD). The most effective treatment is contingency management (CM), a behavioral intervention that provides tangible rewards to reinforce target behaviors, such as biochemically verified abstinence. Despite the effectiveness of CM on near-term substance use behaviors, the long-term impact on key outcomes such as mortality are unclear. The objective of this work was to examine whether patients with StUD who receive CM have a decreased risk of mortality.METHODSThis was a retrospective cohort study of patients with StUD who received or did not receive CM, using linked electronic health records and death records in the largest integrated health system in the United States, the Veterans Health Administration (VHA), from July 2018 through December 2020. The primary outcome was mortality in the year following the index CM visit. All-cause mortality data were obtained from the National Death Index and linked to electronic health record data. Adjusted hazard ratios were estimated using stratified Cox proportional hazards models.RESULTSA total of 1,481 patients with StUD who received CM were included alongside 1,481 matched control subjects. Over the 1-year follow-up period, those who received CM were 41% less likely to die (adjusted hazard ratio=0.59, 95% CI=0.36, 0.95) than those who did not receive CM.CONCLUSIONSThis study provides the first evidence that CM use in real-world health care settings is associated with reduced risk of mortality among patients with StUD.","PeriodicalId":7656,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"24 1","pages":"appiajp20250053"},"PeriodicalIF":17.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145025593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revitalizing EEG Neurofeedback Using Precision-Based Approaches.","authors":"Robin Aupperle,Evan J White,Masaya Misaki","doi":"10.1176/appi.ajp.20250657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.20250657","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7656,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"133 1","pages":"816-818"},"PeriodicalIF":17.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144959911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Xanomeline/Trospium Have Unique Benefits for Cognitive Impairment Associated With Schizophrenia?","authors":"Rajiv Tandon","doi":"10.1176/appi.ajp.20250021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.20250021","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7656,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"18 1","pages":"878"},"PeriodicalIF":17.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144959917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Future of Sensorimotor and Psychomotor Dysfunction in Mental Disorders: Emerging Tools, Methodological Challenges, and the Road Ahead.","authors":"Dusan Hirjak,Vijay A Mittal,Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg,Georg Northoff","doi":"10.1176/appi.ajp.20250533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.20250533","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7656,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"71 1","pages":"807-812"},"PeriodicalIF":17.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144960066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Xanomeline/Trospium Have Unique Benefits for Cognitive Impairment Associated With Schizophrenia? Response to Tandon.","authors":"William P Horan,Philip D Harvey,Stephen K Brannan","doi":"10.1176/appi.ajp.20250021r","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.20250021r","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7656,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"240 2-3 1","pages":"878-879"},"PeriodicalIF":17.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144960076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neighborhood Social Vulnerability and Racial Disparities in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder Prevalence.","authors":"Deidre M Anglin,Mark Olfson,Els van der Ven,Hans Oh,Roberto Lewis-Fernández,Jordan DeVylder,Oladunni Oluwoye,Lisa Dixon,T Scott Stroup,Heidi Guyer,Natalie Bareis","doi":"10.1176/appi.ajp.20240906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.20240906","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVEThe study aim was to identify ethnoracial disparities in the prevalence of schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs) and positive psychotic symptoms in the United States and examine the role of social neighborhood inequities.METHODSParticipants in the Mental and Substance Use Disorders Prevalence Study, a national household sample of nonelderly adults (N=4,764), were assessed by clinicians with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 (SCID-5) for SSDs (past year and lifetime), including schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and schizophreniform disorder, and for psychotic symptoms. Weighted logistic regression models estimated ethnoracial differences in the prevalence of SSDs and psychotic symptoms in unadjusted models, age- and sex-adjusted models, and models further adjusted for a neighborhood Social Vulnerability Metric (SVM) score, a composite index of five social determinants of health domains.RESULTSCompared to non-Hispanic White individuals, non-Hispanic Black individuals had a significantly higher prevalence of SSDs (4.1% vs. 1.2%; adjusted odds ratio=3.49, 95% CI=1.37, 8.91) and psychotic symptoms (9.3% vs. 4.9%; adjusted odds ratio=2.04, 95% CI=1.15, 3.63), and non-Hispanic multiracial individuals had a significantly higher prevalence of SSDs (5.6%; adjusted odds ratio=4.59, 95% CI=1.53, 13.76). Further adjustment for SVM score lowered the Black-White group difference for SSDs (adjusted odds ratio=2.49, 95% CI=0.63, 9.90) and psychotic symptoms (adjusted odds ratio=1.69, 95% CI=0.83, 3.44), and the associations were no longer statistically significant. The difference in SSDs between the non-Hispanic multiracial and White groups was attenuated after SVM score adjustment (adjusted odds ratio=3.95, 95% CI=1.30, 12.00) but remained significant.CONCLUSIONSThis national U.S. household study found ethnoracial differences in the prevalence of clinician-assessed SCID-based schizophrenia spectrum disorders and positive psychotic symptoms. The higher prevalence among minoritized groups, particularly Black individuals, was connected to social inequities and community-level vulnerabilities embedded in neighborhoods and associated with structural racism.","PeriodicalId":7656,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"35 1","pages":"850-860"},"PeriodicalIF":17.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144959916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forging a Role for Iron in the Dopamine Dysfunction of Schizophrenia.","authors":"Clifford Cassidy,Yicun Wang,Anissa Abi-Dargham","doi":"10.1176/appi.ajp.20250639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.20250639","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7656,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"32 1","pages":"804-806"},"PeriodicalIF":17.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144959912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The American Psychiatric Association Practice Guideline for the Prevention and Treatment of Delirium.","authors":"Catherine Crone,Laura J Fochtmann,Iqbal Ahmed,Michele C Balas,Robert Boland,Javier I Escobar,Thomas Heinrich,Maga Jackson-Triche,James L Levenson,Melissa Mattison,Joseph McCullen Truett,Mark A Oldham,Andreea Seritan,Laura J Fochtmann,Seung-Hee Hong","doi":"10.1176/appi.ajp.25182013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.25182013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7656,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"35 1","pages":"880-884"},"PeriodicalIF":17.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144959913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"American Psychiatric Association Lifestyle Psychiatry Presidential Workgroup Report.","authors":"Gia Merlo,Kirsten A Porter-Stransky,Steven G Sugden,Kamalika Roy,April Hirschberg,Adjoa Smalls-Mantey,Aditi Agrawal,Pratik Bahekar,Johanna L Beck,Richa Bhatia,Abigail Buckholz,Hector A Colon-Rivera,Nathan A Carroll,Theadia Carey,Wai Lun Alan Fung,Ken Hopper,Ijeoma Ijeaku,Wonyun Lee,Vishal Madaan,Regina Nagarajan,Varma Penumetcha,Victor Pereira-Sanchez,Avani K Patel,Nik Raju,Kathryn K Ridout,Samuel J Ridout,Elizabeth Ryznar,James C Somers,Krishna Taneja,Dhanviney Verma,William T Wong,Ramaswamy Viswanathan,David Baron","doi":"10.1176/appi.ajp.25182005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.25182005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7656,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"29 1","pages":"885-887"},"PeriodicalIF":17.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144959918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Reward Learning to the Bayesian Brain: 20 Years of Aberrant Salience.","authors":"Harriet Feldman,Katharina Schmack","doi":"10.1176/appi.ajp.20250650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.20250650","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7656,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Psychiatry","volume":"52 1","pages":"801-803"},"PeriodicalIF":17.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144959919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}