Sudhoffs ArchivPub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.25162/sudhoff-2017-0001
Justine Isserles
{"title":"Bloodletting and Medical Astrology in Hebrew Manuscripts from Medieval Western Europe","authors":"Justine Isserles","doi":"10.25162/sudhoff-2017-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25162/sudhoff-2017-0001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76565,"journal":{"name":"Sudhoffs Archiv","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69210786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sudhoffs ArchivPub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.25162/sudhoff-2017-0006
Dana Stehlíková
{"title":"Christian von Prachatitz und sein lateinischer Herbarius","authors":"Dana Stehlíková","doi":"10.25162/sudhoff-2017-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25162/sudhoff-2017-0006","url":null,"abstract":"The paper summarizes the most recent findings about the Herbarium by Prague Master Cristannus of Prachatice († 1439), which is only available in manuscripts and has not been published yet. It brings the current list of all manuscripts known today, mentions chief sources for the Herbarium (Pseudo-Serapion’s ‘Liber Aggregatoris in simplici medicina’ and ‘Circa instans’), thoroughly describes the similar features and differences between both extant redactions and proposes their origin and possible Cristannus’ authorship of them. The next part of the paper focuses on the so-called second life of this Herbarium – its use in two Old Bohemian herbaria which, as a whole, used to be wrongfully attributed to Cristannus of Prachatice. The author points out another very significant source for both Old Bohemian texts – herbarium with inc. “galganum vel galgana”, known as ‘Galgant spice tract’ (so-called ‘Galgant-Gewurz-Traktat’) and in some mediaeval manuscripts said to be a part of ‘Melleus liquor’ collection. At the final part of the paper, the author focuses on the herbarium published as a part of the fourth and fifth edition of the so-called Medical books by Master Cristannus of Prachatice in the second half of the 16th century. She proves that this text is based on the socalled Galgant-Gewurz-Traktat and has no relation to Cristannus of Prachatice.","PeriodicalId":76565,"journal":{"name":"Sudhoffs Archiv","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69211123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sudhoffs ArchivPub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.25162/sudhoff-2017-0007
H. Koch, K. Koch
{"title":"Borri, the Prophet, on the “Restitutio Humorum” and on Lens Aspiration in the 17th Century","authors":"H. Koch, K. Koch","doi":"10.25162/sudhoff-2017-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25162/sudhoff-2017-0007","url":null,"abstract":"The son of a renowned Milan physician, the Italian physician, alchemist, prophet, and founder of a sect, Giuseppe Francesco Borri (1627–1695), was educated by Jesuits in Rome. After experiencing an epiphany of St. Michael he became a prophet and founded a sect. Persecuted by the inquisition and condemned to death, he fled to Strasbourg, later to Amsterdam, Hamburg and Copenhagen. In each place he started with the highest protection but was later expelled. On his last journey from Copenhagen to Istanbul he was taken captive in Austria and extradited by the Emperor to the Pope in Rome, where he died a prisoner. In Amsterdam Borri cut open the eye of a dog, expressed the lens together with the aqueous and vitreous, instilled a liquid and showed that the eye regained its shape and the humors were reformed. He later repeated his experiment in Copenhagen on a goose. Borri’s experiment was widely discussed by the 17th century scientific community, e.g. by Thomas Bartholin, Ole Borch [Olaus Borrichius], Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, Johann Daniel Major and Theophile Bonet. In Copenhagen he also claimed that it was possible to aspirate the lens through a cannula, after mashing it up with a brush of metal wires, which was to be inserted into the eye through the cannula. Thus, Borri was one of the first to show that the three humours – aqueous, lens and vitreous – were not needed for seeing. He envisaged the techniques of small incision lens removal after intraocular lens destruction and of lens replacement by surgery, ideas that were realized 300 years later by Charles Kelman and Sir Harold Ridley.","PeriodicalId":76565,"journal":{"name":"Sudhoffs Archiv","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69210755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sudhoffs ArchivPub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.25162/sudhoff-2016-0009
Maik Hollinger
{"title":"Life from Elsewhere – Early History of the Maverick Theory of Panspermia.","authors":"Maik Hollinger","doi":"10.25162/sudhoff-2016-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25162/sudhoff-2016-0009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76565,"journal":{"name":"Sudhoffs Archiv","volume":"100 2 1","pages":"188-205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69209813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sudhoffs ArchivPub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.25162/sudhoff-2016-0003
M. Wiescher
{"title":"Julius Plücker, Familie und Studienjahre","authors":"M. Wiescher","doi":"10.25162/sudhoff-2016-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25162/sudhoff-2016-0003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76565,"journal":{"name":"Sudhoffs Archiv","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69209902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sudhoffs ArchivPub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.25162/sudhoff-2016-0008
D. Lohrmann
{"title":"Johannes Fontanas Traktat über Brennspiegel und der Codex Paris BnF ms. latin 9335","authors":"D. Lohrmann","doi":"10.25162/sudhoff-2016-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25162/sudhoff-2016-0008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76565,"journal":{"name":"Sudhoffs Archiv","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69210217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Johannes Fontanas Traktat über Brennspiegel und der Codex Paris BnF ms. latin 9335.","authors":"Dietrich Lohrmann","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper emphasizes the great interest of the later Middle Ages in terms of burning mirrors, especially parabolic mirrors, which were considered as particularly efficient; the underlying theory was that of conic sections. This interest will be documented in the Appendix in the form of a short presentation of 29 treatises.\u0000\u0000 The starting point is Paris BnF ms. lat. 9335, a collection of translations from the Arabic, copied in the early 13th century, which came into the possession of the Venetian physician and naturalist John Fontana (ca. 1395–1455). The optical part (Diokles, Apollonius, Alhazen) has been explained by him in a marginal note and a series of short definitions. These observations support the proposal by Horst Kranz, to change the date of an anonymous treatise on the construction of parabolic mirrors (Speculi almukefi compositio), previously dated by Marshall Clagett to the mid 14th century. We consider it now as a work of the famous Venetian naturalist John Fontana (ca 1430–1435).</p>","PeriodicalId":76565,"journal":{"name":"Sudhoffs Archiv","volume":"100 2","pages":"166-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39985327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sudhoffs ArchivPub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.25162/sudhoff-2016-0001
Dominik Groß, W. Kümmel
{"title":"Karl Sudhoff (1853–1938) und der Nationalsozialismus","authors":"Dominik Groß, W. Kümmel","doi":"10.25162/sudhoff-2016-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25162/sudhoff-2016-0001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76565,"journal":{"name":"Sudhoffs Archiv","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69209844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sudhoffs ArchivPub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.25162/sudhoff-2016-0010
K.-H. Schlote
{"title":"The Discussion of Ohm's Law for Electrolytes by Jena's Physicists – an Interplay of Computation and Experiment.","authors":"K.-H. Schlote","doi":"10.25162/sudhoff-2016-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25162/sudhoff-2016-0010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76565,"journal":{"name":"Sudhoffs Archiv","volume":"100 2 1","pages":"206-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69210441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}