American journal of public health最新文献_第6页

Differential Effects of US State Firearm Policies on Black and Non-Black Firearm Homicide and Suicide, 1981‒2022. 1981-2022年美国各州枪支政策对黑人和非黑人枪支杀人和自杀的差异影响。

IF 7.8 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2026-10-01 Epub Date: 2026-08-13 DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2026.308523

Denis Agniel, Andrew R Morral, Terry L Schell, Dulani Woods, Rosanna Smart

{"title":"Differential Effects of US State Firearm Policies on Black and Non-Black Firearm Homicide and Suicide, 1981‒2022.","authors":"Denis Agniel, Andrew R Morral, Terry L Schell, Dulani Woods, Rosanna Smart","doi":"10.2105/AJPH.2026.308523","DOIUrl":"10.2105/AJPH.2026.308523","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives. To estimate the effects of 7 state firearm policies on yearly rates of firearm mortality (homicide and suicide) among racial demographic groups. Methods. We studied yearly firearm homicide and suicide counts by race for all US states from 1981 to 2022 via de-biased, autoregressive, Bayesian negative binomial models. Results. Permissive policies were associated with 1.97 more homicides (86% posterior probability of increased mortality; 80% credible interval [CrI] = -0.31, 4.38) and 0.32 more suicides (93% probability of increase; 80% CrI = 0.04, 0.58) per 100 000 Black population. Restrictive policies were associated with 0.51 fewer Black suicides per 100 000 (> 99% probability of decrease; 80% CrI = -0.71, -0.31). Policies had similar rate-ratio effects in both groups, but they shifted absolute homicide risk more for Black (and suicide more for non-Black) populations because of differing absolute rates: per 100 000, permissive laws were associated with 1.81 more Black homicides than non-Black (85% probability higher), and restrictive laws with reductions of 0.70 fewer Black suicides than non-Black (> 99% probability smaller). Conclusions. Harms and benefits of firearm policies on firearm homicide have accrued more to Black populations than to non-Black ones, with the opposite true for firearm suicide. (Am J Public Health. 2026;116(10):1604-1612. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2026.308523).","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"1604-1612"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148757665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Allaying "Anxieties in Government Officials, Physicians and the Public": Johnson & Johnson and The Lancet Editorial of 1977. 减轻“政府官员、医生和公众的焦虑”：强生公司和1977年《柳叶刀》社论。

IF 7.8 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2026.308708

Gerald Markowitz, David Rosner

{"title":"Allaying \"Anxieties in Government Officials, Physicians and the Public\": Johnson & Johnson and The Lancet Editorial of 1977.","authors":"Gerald Markowitz, David Rosner","doi":"10.2105/AJPH.2026.308708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2026.308708","url":null,"abstract":"In 1973, the Food and Drug Administration first tried to regulate asbestos in talc, provoking a vigorous response from the cosmetics industry, which used talc in a variety of body, baby, and bath powders as well as cosmetics. The industry's claim that asbestos in talc was not a danger gained legitimacy when The Lancet, perhaps the world's leading medical journal, in 1977, published an unsigned commentary that Johnson & Johnson called an \"editorial\" that asserted that there was no need for regulation because the cosmetic industries in the United States and Britain had made sure that their products were virtually free of asbestos fibers. The company also succeeded in persuading a nonprofit scientific organization to remove a warning from its Talc Monograph, in part by citing The Lancet editorial. In March 2026, The Lancet retracted the nearly 50-year-old unsigned publication that affirmed the safety of cosmetic talc. The editors did so after we alerted them through correspondence that the piece had been written by a consultant to Johnson & Johnson. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print October 1, 2026:e1-e4. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2026.308708).","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"e1-e4"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149102733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Life-Course Timing of Family Bereavement and Cognitive Impairment in Midlife to Later Life. 家庭丧亲与中年至晚年认知障碍的生命历程时间关系。

IF 7.8 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2026.308744

Hyungmin Cha, Patricia A Thomas, Christy L Erving, Debra J Umberson

{"title":"Life-Course Timing of Family Bereavement and Cognitive Impairment in Midlife to Later Life.","authors":"Hyungmin Cha, Patricia A Thomas, Christy L Erving, Debra J Umberson","doi":"10.2105/AJPH.2026.308744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2026.308744","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives. To examine whether the timing of family member deaths across the life course is associated with cognitive impairment and dementia in midlife to later life. Methods. Using 20 years of longitudinal data (2000-2020) from the US Health and Retirement Study and competing risks models, we examined how age at the time of a parent's, child's, or spouse's death is associated with the onset of mid-to-later-life cognitive impairment with or without dementia. Results. Among individuals who experienced family member deaths, losses occurring at younger ages were associated with higher risks of cognitive impairment than losses occurring at older ages. The association for parental and spousal death timing became statistically nonsignificant after adjustment for early-life and adult health factors, whereas associations for child death timing remained robust across model specifications. We found no evidence of racial/ethnic or gender differences in these patterns. Conclusions. Our study identifies timing of bereavement as an underrecognized determinant of cognitive aging and highlights earlier-life loss as a strategic target for prevention and intervention. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print October 1, 2026:e1-e10. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2026.308744).","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"e1-e10"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149102846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prevalence and Correlates of Symptoms of Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome in the United States, 2025. 大麻素呕吐综合征的患病率和相关症状在美国，2025。

IF 7.8 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2026.308753

Mark A Ilgen, Amanda M Price, Paula Goldman, Blair J Whittington, Brian M Hicks

{"title":"Prevalence and Correlates of Symptoms of Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome in the United States, 2025.","authors":"Mark A Ilgen, Amanda M Price, Paula Goldman, Blair J Whittington, Brian M Hicks","doi":"10.2105/AJPH.2026.308753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2026.308753","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives. To characterize the potential prevalence of cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (CHS) symptoms and associated characteristics. Methods. Using data from a nationally representative survey of 7034 US adults (conducted May‒September 2025), we fit separate survey-weighted multinomial logistic regression models with a 4-category CHS-symptom and cannabis-use group variable as the outcome and demographic characteristics, cannabis-use behaviors, and cannabis use‒related problems as predictors. Results. Overall, 2.7% of all respondents and 17.8% of respondents who used cannabis daily reported CHS-like symptoms. Respondents who were younger, female, identified as non-White, had lower income, had lower educational attainment, and endorsed cannabis use‒related problems were more likely to be in the CHS-symptom group than in the daily-cannabis-use group. Conclusions. CHS symptoms are not uncommon in the United States, and those with fewer economic resources and more cannabis use‒related problems were more likely to report these symptoms, even compared with others with daily cannabis use. Public Health Implications. As cannabis use increases, CHS is also likely to become more common, underscoring the importance of expanded education about the identification and treatment of CHS. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print October 1, 2026:e1-e10. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2026.308753).","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"e1-e10"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149102848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

State-Level LGBTQ-Related Policy Trajectories and Health (Care) Outcomes in the United States: A Sequence and Cluster Analysis Approach. 美国州级lgbtq相关政策轨迹和健康（护理）结果：序列和聚类分析方法

IF 7.8 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2026.308689

Dougie Zubizarreta, Ariel L Beccia, Anusha M Vable, Allegra R Gordon, S Bryn Austin

{"title":"State-Level LGBTQ-Related Policy Trajectories and Health (Care) Outcomes in the United States: A Sequence and Cluster Analysis Approach.","authors":"Dougie Zubizarreta, Ariel L Beccia, Anusha M Vable, Allegra R Gordon, S Bryn Austin","doi":"10.2105/AJPH.2026.308689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2026.308689","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives. To characterize state-level lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer/questioning (LGBTQ) policy trajectories from 2015 to 2022 and examine their population health implications. Methods. Using Movement Advancement Project data, we constructed US state-level LGBTQ policy trajectories and used sequence and cluster analyses to group similar trajectories. We fit multilevel logistic models using 2023 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data to estimate associations between policy trajectory clusters and individual health and health care outcomes. We obtained predicted outcome probabilities by cluster and LGBTQ identity. Results. Across the 50 US states and Washington, DC, 37 unique policy trajectories formed 5 clusters: \"consistently predominantly discriminatory,\" \"consistently fairly discriminatory,\" \"discriminatory with increasing protection,\" \"moderate change to fairly protective,\" and \"fairly protective change to predominantly protective.\" Most outcomes were worse in consistently discriminatory states than in increasingly protective states, particularly among LGBTQ adults. Inequities occurred between LGBTQ and cisheterosexual adults within clusters and within LGBTQ identity groups across clusters. Conclusions. Cultivating protective LGBTQ policy climates may help mitigate health and health care inequities. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print October 1, 2026:e1-e10. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2026.308689).","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"e1-e10"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149102904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Interpreting the Effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 Testing and Isolation in Congregate Pediatric Settings. 在儿童聚集环境中解释SARS-CoV-2检测和隔离的有效性

IF 7.8 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2026-09-28 DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2026.308766

Kenneth Soyemi, Teddy Muisyo, Delete Ebere-Bank

引用次数: 0

Operationalizing One Health to Predict and Prevent Cross-Boundary Infectious Disease Threats. 实施“同一个健康”，预测及预防跨界传染病威胁。

IF 7.8 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2026-09-24 DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2026.308731

Suresh V Kuchipudi, J Ryan Bariola, Melissa M Bilec, Shubhada K Chothe, Ananias A Escalante, Erika Ganda, Andrew M Hoffman, James S Holt, Reginald Hoyt, Jennifer A Punt, Santhamani Ramasamy, Deepanker Tewari, Iulia Vann, Maureen M Lichtveld

引用次数: 0

Continuous Medicaid Eligibility During COVID-19 and Fertility Among Low-Income Women Without Dependent Children: United States, 2016‒2023. COVID-19期间持续医疗补助资格与无抚养子女的低收入妇女的生育率：美国，2016-2023。

IF 7.8 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2026-09-24 DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2026.308748

Colleen L MacCallum-Bridges, Lindsay K Admon, Jamie R Daw

{"title":"Continuous Medicaid Eligibility During COVID-19 and Fertility Among Low-Income Women Without Dependent Children: United States, 2016‒2023.","authors":"Colleen L MacCallum-Bridges, Lindsay K Admon, Jamie R Daw","doi":"10.2105/AJPH.2026.308748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2026.308748","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives. To evaluate the impact of continuous Medicaid eligibility under the Families First Coronavirus Response Act on fertility among lower-income women without dependent children. Methods. Using 2016-2023 data from the American Community Survey (n = 100 434), we applied a difference-in-differences approach to compare trends in fertility from prepolicy (2016-2019) to postpolicy (2021-2023) among low-income women of reproductive age without dependent children, in US states that expanded Medicaid under the Affordable Care Act (\"exposed\" states) and those that did not (\"unexposed\" states). We performed subgroup analyses by citizenship, marital status, and age. Results. Continuous Medicaid eligibility was not associated with a change in prevalence of giving birth (-0.1-percentage-point decrease; 95% confidence interval [CI] = -1.1, 0.8) among low-income women without dependent children. Null results were consistent across marital status and citizenship, but a significant decrease was found among those aged 30 to 34 years (-2.7 percentage points; 95% CI = -5.1, -0.2; -33% from a baseline prevalence of 8.1%). Conclusions. Continuous Medicaid eligibility during the COVID-19 public health emergency had minimal to no impact on fertility among low-income women without dependent children; however, there was a large decrease among those aged 30 to 34 years. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print September 24, 2026:e1-e9. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2026.308748).","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"e1-e9"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149036168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Trends in Nonfatal Strangulation During Sexual Assault, 2016-2025. 2016-2025年性侵期间非致命勒死趋势

IF 7.8 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2026-09-24 DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2026.308727

Maeve Wallace, Mario Morales, Samantha Mendez-Dominguez, Lauren Acosta, Penny Overgaard, Rebecca M Crocker, Jill Rable

{"title":"Trends in Nonfatal Strangulation During Sexual Assault, 2016-2025.","authors":"Maeve Wallace, Mario Morales, Samantha Mendez-Dominguez, Lauren Acosta, Penny Overgaard, Rebecca M Crocker, Jill Rable","doi":"10.2105/AJPH.2026.308727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2026.308727","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives. To document prevalence and trends in nonfatal strangulation (NFS) among sexual assault survivors. Methods. This study is a retrospective analysis of forensic medical records from January 1, 2016, through December 31, 2025, maintained at a high-volume sexual assault nurse examiner program in Arizona. We fit modified Poisson regression models to test for trends in NFS prevalence and estimated the adjusted relative risk of NFS associated with individual and interpersonal factors. Interactions by year evaluated changes in risk factors over time. Results. Prevalence of NFS during sexual assault doubled over the study time frame, reaching 25.7% in 2025. The vast majority of NFS survivors were women. Assaults involving NFS were more likely to involve a weapon and to occur when the survivor knew their assailant compared with incidents that did not involve NFS. Factors associated with NFS did not change over time. Conclusions. This study documents a rise in NFS during sexual assault in recent years. Public Health Implications. NFS is a pernicious form of violence with numerous short- and long-term consequences for survivors. Its rising prevalence warrants greater attention and intervention. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print September 24, 2026:e1-e4. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2026.308727).","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"e1-e4"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149036153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Adolescent Overdose Mortality and Child Protection System Involvement: Evidence from a California Birth Cohort, 2000-2005. 青少年药物过量死亡率和儿童保护系统介入：来自2000-2005年加利福尼亚出生队列的证据。

IF 7.8 1区医学

American journal of public health Pub Date : 2026-09-24 DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2026.308762

Lindsey Palmer, Tenesha Littleton, Andrea Lane Eastman, Emily Putnam-Hornstein

{"title":"Adolescent Overdose Mortality and Child Protection System Involvement: Evidence from a California Birth Cohort, 2000-2005.","authors":"Lindsey Palmer, Tenesha Littleton, Andrea Lane Eastman, Emily Putnam-Hornstein","doi":"10.2105/AJPH.2026.308762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2026.308762","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives. To examine overdose mortality across 4 levels of child protection system (CPS) involvement during childhood. Methods. Using integrated vital birth, death, and CPS records of California births (2000-2005) followed through 2024 (n = 3 208 771), we identified 747 adolescent overdose decedents and matched each to 4 comparison adolescents (n = 2988). We categorized CPS exposure as no contact, referral, substantiated referral, or foster care. Using conditional Poisson regression, we estimated overdose prevalence by CPS involvement level. Results. Overall, 69.9% of decedents had at least 1 CPS referral, compared with 34.6% of matched comparison adolescents. Any CPS history was associated with a 5-fold higher rate of overdose death (incidence rate ratio = 5.36; 95% confidence interval = 4.41, 6.51), with elevated rates observed across all levels of CPS involvement. Conclusions. CPS history was highly prevalent among adolescents who died from overdose, and regardless of level, may function as a meaningful marker of overdose vulnerability. Public Health Implications. Improved coordination between CPS and Medicaid-funded behavioral health services may facilitate earlier intervention for this high-risk population. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print September 24, 2026:e1-e4. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2026.308762).","PeriodicalId":7647,"journal":{"name":"American journal of public health","volume":" ","pages":"e1-e4"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149036240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0