Nihon Rai Gakkai zasshi最新文献

{"title":"The use of improved silver impregnating staining method in the differential diagnosis of tuberculoid leprosy.","authors":"T Wang,&nbsp;K I Butt,&nbsp;Y Maeda,&nbsp;K Kawatsu,&nbsp;S Izumi","doi":"10.5025/hansen1977.60.146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5025/hansen1977.60.146","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A comparative study on the usefulness of Kawatsu's silver impregnating staining method compared with S-100 protein ABC technique for the differential diagnosis of tuberculoid leprosy was carried out. The results of neurohistological examination obtained from both methods were almost the same. It can be said that Kawatsu's method is useful and cost-effective, and thus suitable for practical use in developing countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":76236,"journal":{"name":"Nihon Rai Gakkai zasshi","volume":"60 3-4","pages":"146-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13004329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrastructural observations of small blood vessels in leprosy patients.","authors":"M Yajima,&nbsp;J Murata,&nbsp;N Yamada,&nbsp;G Asano","doi":"10.5025/hansen1977.60.121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5025/hansen1977.60.121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In lepromatous leprosy, blood vessels revealed the luminal protrusions of endothelial cells containing M. leprae and thickening of the basement membrane of endothelial and smooth cells. Endothelial projections with increased pinocytotic vesicles were more often encountered in lepromatous leprosy than in the other types of leprosy. On the other hand, in tuberculoid leprosy, the extensive rough endoplasmic reticulum suggesting protein synthesis was observed in the endothelial cells compared with the other types of leprosy and non-specific lesions. It seems that the blood vessels associated with hyperfunction and proliferation in the endothelium could aggravate the degenerative changes in peripheral nerve fibers including the Schwann cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":76236,"journal":{"name":"Nihon Rai Gakkai zasshi","volume":"60 3-4","pages":"121-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13005822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immuno-epidemiological studies on subclinical infection in leprosy. III. Yearly observations and follow-up studies of schoolchildren by using FLA-ABS and lepromin tests.","authors":"M Abe,&nbsp;T Ozawa,&nbsp;F Minagawa,&nbsp;Y Yoshino","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The schoolchildren in three regions of Miyako Islands, Okinawa Prefecture, were surveyed annually, from 1978 to 1984, by using the fluorescent leprosy antibody absorption (FLA-ABS) test and the lepromin reaction with the Dharmendra's antigen, for detecting the individuals at high risk of leprosy and for evaluating predictive value of these immunological tests. Constant potency of these tests was confirmed by the percentage of positive reactions among the children in the first grade of elementary schools (5 or 6 years old) surveyed from 1980 to 1984. A temporal rise or drop of the percentages during this period seemed to associate with the yearly reported number of new leprosy cases in each region. Among 1,168 schoolchildren tested with FLA-ABS once or twice or more, the percentage of positive reactions was significantly higher in the children with the enlargement of peripheral nerve without sensory loss than in those without this signs and symptoms. The longer the duration of this signs and symptoms, the higher the percentage of positive FLA-ABS tests. Lepromin test did not show any significant correlation with this signs and symptoms. A concordant persistence or change between the FLA-ABS tests and neural signs or symptoms was observed in 133 out of 331 children examined twice or more. Discordant changes in the remaining were mainly attributed to a conversion to seronegativity before the disappearance of neural signs and symptoms. Changes of FLA-ABS and lepromin reactivities between the initial and final tests suggested a spontaneous cure of subclinical infection with Mycobacterium leprae among the children who were FLA-ABS positive but lepromin negative at the initial test and therefore considered to be a group at high risk of leprosy. Although neural signs and symptoms were found in the majority of these children, none of them so far developed overt symptom of the disease. Based on these findings, predictive value of FLA-ABS test together with lepromin was discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":76236,"journal":{"name":"Nihon Rai Gakkai zasshi","volume":"60 2","pages":"72-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12986057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Community health and national sanatoria for Hansen's disease in Japan--survey of receipts of National health insurance].","authors":"H Takizawa,&nbsp;H Arizono","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>National sanatoria for Hansen's disease in Japan were special institutions that only treated in-patients. But a few sanatoria for Hansen's disease located in islands and rural districts should have other duty, namely service to community health because there was no other clinic office. New patients with Hansen's disease are very small in number and inpatients become older and older. Then the new role should be seeked to National sanatoria for Hansen's disease in Japan. Amami-wakoen, National sanatorium for Hansen's disease in Amami island started skin clinic for out-patients with skin diseases in March, 1983 because there were few skin clinics in Amami district. The number of patients with skin diseases increases year by year (from 12.3 persons every day in 1983 to 36.4 in 1989). We surveyed receipts of National health insurance for the purpose of studying the main diseases in Amami main island and the behavior of the patients with skin diseases. The results of survey are followings; 1. The percentage of patients with skin diseases in Amami main island in August, 1987 was significantly superior. 2. The percentage of patients with mental diseases and pregnant woman in hospital and patients with gastrointestinal disorders and pregnant women in clinic were significantly large in May, 1987 in Amami main island. 3. There was a tendency that the patients with skin diseases visited to the clinic near in place. It was found that we treated only 5.1 percent persons of patients with skin diseases in August, 1987.</p>","PeriodicalId":76236,"journal":{"name":"Nihon Rai Gakkai zasshi","volume":"60 2","pages":"67-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12986060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leprosy control programme in Thailand.","authors":"C Chantraprachoom,&nbsp;K Kittampol","doi":"10.5025/hansen1977.60.85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5025/hansen1977.60.85","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76236,"journal":{"name":"Nihon Rai Gakkai zasshi","volume":"60 2","pages":"85-96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12986059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The 64th general meeting of the Japanese Leprosy Association. March 28-29, 1992, Kumamoto, Japan. Abstracts].","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76236,"journal":{"name":"Nihon Rai Gakkai zasshi","volume":"60 1","pages":"17-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12967597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leprosy control programme in Malaysia.","authors":"F Kamaludin","doi":"10.5025/hansen1977.59.169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5025/hansen1977.59.169","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76236,"journal":{"name":"Nihon Rai Gakkai zasshi","volume":"59 3-4","pages":"169-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5025/hansen1977.59.169","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13287622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immuno-epidemiological studies on subclinical infection in leprosy, II. Geographical distribution of seropositive responders with special reference to their possible source of infection.","authors":"M Abe,&nbsp;T Ozawa,&nbsp;F Minagawa,&nbsp;Y Yoshino","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The percentage of positive fluorescent leprosy antibody absorption (FLA-ABS) tests showed significant differences among the inhabitants of different regions in Okinawa. Provided that this percentage indicates the frequency of subclinical leprosy infections, the numbers of inhabitants with subclinical infection per new case with leprosy in the same region ranged from 723 to 3,039. The FLA-ABS test was positive in 16.2% of adults in Minami daito Island where no new case with leprosy was found during the survey for seven years. The differences in the percentages could not be explained by the different prevalence and incidence rates of leprosy in each region nor by the differences in age and sex of the individuals examined. A significant correlation between the FLA-ABS tests and neural signs or symptoms was found in 3 regions. None of adults in Minami daito Island showed such signs or symptoms. The distribution of FLA-ABS positive and negative responders in two hamlets where the incidence of leprosy was relatively high suggested the localization of positive responders surrounding houses in which a leprosy case had recently been found and also the distribution of positive responders in the remote houses. These facts seem to indicate that a possible source of infection to the majority of positive responders might be from the environment rather than from direct contact with leprosy patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":76236,"journal":{"name":"Nihon Rai Gakkai zasshi","volume":"59 3-4","pages":"162-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13287621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic control of delayed type hypersensitivity to Mycobacterium leprae antigen.","authors":"N Ishii,&nbsp;H Nakajima,&nbsp;I Aoki,&nbsp;N Shimoda,&nbsp;T Mori","doi":"10.5025/hansen1977.59.154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5025/hansen1977.59.154","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The mechanism of genetic control of Mycobacterium leprae-specific delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) in mice was investigated in terms of footpad swelling response. Studies with various congenic and recombinant inbred strains of mouse revealed that M. leprae-specific DTH was controlled by genes within the I-A subregion. The footpad swelling response showed an antigen-specific pattern, revealing that M. leprae antigen was not cross-reactive with M. tuberculosis antigen. Treatment of immune lymphoid cells with monoclonal antibodies plus complement revealed that the cells responsible for DTH transfer were Lyt-2-, L3T4+ T cells. Suppressor T cell activity was not detected in low-responder mice.</p>","PeriodicalId":76236,"journal":{"name":"Nihon Rai Gakkai zasshi","volume":"59 3-4","pages":"154-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13287619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Acid-fast bacilli isolated from foot pads of nude mice infected with leprosy bacilli].","authors":"T Mori,&nbsp;K Kohsaka","doi":"10.5025/hansen1977.59.113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5025/hansen1977.59.113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>When leprosy bacilli grown in nude mouse foot pad were used for culture experiments, cultivable acid-fast bacillus was sometimes isolated as a contaminant. Whenever bacilli were inoculated to nude mice, the same leprosy bacilli were killed by autoclaving and were inoculated in to foot pads of 5 nude mice for examination of this cause of the contamination. Acid-fast bacillus was cultivated on 3% Ogawa egg medium at 33 degrees C from homogenates of foot pads of nude mice infected with M. leprae after one year and a while of infection. Foot pad of nude mouse injected with leprosy bacilli was cut off, ground in mortar and passed through sterile absorbent cotton and the filtrate was centrifuged at 10,000 rpm for 30 minutes. The sediment was inoculated on 3% Ogawa egg medium after treating with a small amount of sterile 1 N sodium hydroxide. Acid-fast bacilli were isolated from 3 out of 41 mice inoculoted with heat killed bacilli. The isolated acid-fast bacillus did not be observed in the same experimental group inocudated with live bacilli, positive cases were scattered in another groups. Four out of 16 tubes were positive for acid-fast bacilli in mice infected with Kurume-naha and 5 out of 7 tubes in the Amami-KM infected mouse group. The two negative tubes were discarded due to contamination. Kurume-Oki strain which has yellow colonial morphology was isolated from one out of 6 culture tubes. Strains Kurume-naha and Amami-KM have the same characteristics as follows: slow grower with pale yellow smooth colonial morphology, strongly positive for niacin production and ureas; positive for nicotinamidase, pyradinamidase and 68 degrees C catalase; no growth at 45 degrees C, negative for nitrate reduction, hydrolysis of Tween 80, diamine oxidase, heat stable acid-phosphatase and arylsulphatase; resistant to streptomycin, isoniazid, rifampicin and B 663. Two isolates were identified as Mycobacterium simiae from these characteristics. Characteristics of a Kurume-Oki isolate was as follows: slow grower with yellow smooth colonial morphology, positive for urease, 68 degrees C catalase, hydrolysis of Tween 80 and arylsulfatase; no growth at 45 degrees C, negative for niacin production, nicotinamidase, pyradinamidase, nitrate reduction, daimine oxidase and heat stable acid-phosphatase; resistant to streptomycin, isoniazid, rifampicin and B. 663. This bacillus was identified as Mycobacterium gordonae from these characteristics.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)</p>","PeriodicalId":76236,"journal":{"name":"Nihon Rai Gakkai zasshi","volume":"59 2","pages":"113-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13287882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}