Nihon Rai Gakkai zasshi最新文献

{"title":"Acid-fast bacilli detected in umbilical codes and skins of human at cases of surgical operation.","authors":"T Mori","doi":"10.5025/hansen1977.59.98","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5025/hansen1977.59.98","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acid-fast bacilli were detected in 13 (27%) of 49 skin samples in surgical operation under the procedures of collection of bacilli by centrifuging the filtrate of tissue homogenate through adsorbent cotton. Ten specimens (20%) contained cultivable organisms, including M. simiae (9 specimens) and M. gordonae (one specimen). The other 3 specimens did not contain any cultivable organism, although microscopic observation revealed the presence of acid-fast bacilli. Eight (17%) of 48 raw umbilical codes of babies received Cesarian operation were positive for acid-fast bacilli in the smear preparation. Six (13%) were positive in cultivation and the organisms were identified as M. simiae (4 cases), M. scrofulaceum (1 case) and M. avium-complex (1 case). The remaining two specimens were negative in cultivable bacteria in spite of obvious presence of acid-fast bacilli. In the case of frozen umbilical codes, 9 specimens (16%) were positive in acid-fast bacilli, only 3 cases of which were positive in cultivable organisms, including M. gordonae (2 cases) and M. scrofulaceum (one case). M. simiae was not detected in cultivation of frozen materials. The purpose of this experiment was to isolate the microscopically detectable but uncultivable acid-fast bacilli, using experimental infection system induced in nude mouse. However, two experiments separately performed failed to achieve this purpose, because of contamination of the cultivable acid-fast bacilli among mice or death of the organisms during storage.</p>","PeriodicalId":76236,"journal":{"name":"Nihon Rai Gakkai zasshi","volume":"59 2","pages":"98-112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5025/hansen1977.59.98","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13287890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Peripheral nerve lesions of experimental leprosy in monkeys. VII. Intrafascicular-edema and small blood vessels].","authors":"Y Fukunishi","doi":"10.5025/hansen1977.59.120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5025/hansen1977.59.120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Histopathological findings of intrafascicular-edema found in n. ulnaris running at forearm, palmside of hand and fingers of rhesus monkey 8664 and african green monkey 8175 were studied by semithin section method. These two monkeys were inoculated with leprosy bacilli from lepromata of mangabey monkey A022. The mangabey monkey A022 had been experimental leprosy after inoculum of the leprosy bacilli from lepromata of the mangabey monkey A015-natural infection. Period between date of inoculum and sacrifice of the rhesus monkey 8664 was about 2 years, and the african green monkey 8175 was about 5 years. Results found were: 1. Intrafascicular-edema found in n. ulnaris running at forearm, palmside of hand and fingers was remarkable at some of peculiar anatomical areas where were put on mechanical pressure. 2. The intrafascicular-edema inside many fascicles was remarkable around the small blood vessels. 3. Obsruction of the small blood vessels and congestion of blood stream at surrounded of the intrafascicular-edema with fibrous elements and cellular elements were observed inside some of fascicles. 4. Bundles of peripheral nerve fibers inside some of fascicles were pressed by the intrafascicular-edema, and the fibrous elements, especially collagen fibers, were increased around the pressed bundles of nerve fibers and each nerve fiber inside the fascicles. 5. Vacuolar degeneration and swelling of axon were observed at some of myelinated nerve fibers. 6. Not only the intrafascicular-edema but also a large amount of intracytoplasmic foamy structures with solid leprosy bacilli were observed inside many fascicles.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)</p>","PeriodicalId":76236,"journal":{"name":"Nihon Rai Gakkai zasshi","volume":"59 2","pages":"120-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13287883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immuno-epidemiological studies on subclinical infection in leprosy. I. Clinical and immunological findings in schoolchildren and adults in Okinawa.","authors":"M Abe,&nbsp;T Ozawa,&nbsp;F Minagawa,&nbsp;Y Yoshino","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>For the purpose of understanding subclinical infection with Mycobacterium leprae among the inhabitants in an endemic area, 3,547 schoolchildren and 1,487 adults in several regions of Okinawa were surveyed by using clinical examinations and immunological tests, i.e. the fluorescent leprosy antibody absorption (FLA-ABS) test and the lepromin test using Dharmendra's antigen, during a period from 1978 to 1984. The enlargement of peripheral nerves, especially that of lateral or bilateral auricular and/or ulnar nerves, without loss of sensation was found in 8.4% of the schoolchildren and in 9% of the adults. A frequency of these signs and symptoms was significantly higher in male than in female and tended to increase with age. The percentage of positive reactions in FLA-ABS tests for schoolchildren and adults was 21.8 and 22.5, respectively, the values suggesting a minimum frequency of subclinical infection with M. leprae among these inhabitants. The percentage of positive FLA-ABS tests was significantly higher in those with neural signs and symptoms than in those without. Such a correlation was not found in the lepromin test. Ill-defined depigmentation of the skin without loss of sensation was found in a few percentage of both schoolchildren and adults. However, this sings and symptoms did not correlate with the FLA-ABS test nor with the lepromin test. A history of tuberculin test and BCG vaccination in the schoolchildren seemed to influence the lepromin-reactivity. Among 770 schoolchildren tested with both FLA-ABS and lepromin, 70 (9.1%) were the FLA-ABS positive but lepromin non-positive responders. Neural signs and symptoms were found in 31 of these children.</p>","PeriodicalId":76236,"journal":{"name":"Nihon Rai Gakkai zasshi","volume":"59 2","pages":"130-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13287885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Animal transmission of mycobacterium leprae--experimental leprosy].","authors":"K Kohaska","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76236,"journal":{"name":"Nihon Rai Gakkai zasshi","volume":"59 2","pages":"86-97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13287887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[63rd general meeting of the Japan Leprosy Association. Abstracts].","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76236,"journal":{"name":"Nihon Rai Gakkai zasshi","volume":"59 1","pages":"1-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13362907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Classification of leprosy types].","authors":"S Okada","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76236,"journal":{"name":"Nihon Rai Gakkai zasshi","volume":"58 4","pages":"224-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13633342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The inhibitory effects by combined doses of DDS and several immunostimulants on the growth of leprosy bacilli inoculated into footpads of hybrid nude mice, Jcl:AF-nu.","authors":"M Gidoh,&nbsp;S Tsutsumi","doi":"10.5025/hansen1977.58.241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5025/hansen1977.58.241","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The inhibitory effects by the combined doses of bacteriostatic DDS and several immunostimulants on the growth of leprosy bacilli (LB) inoculated into the footpads of nude mice were examined, using a strain of hybrid nude mice named Jcl:AF-nu, which is resistible to infections more than strain BALB/c-nu. The results found were: 1. LB could proliferate up to 10(9) level in the footpads of this strain of hybrid nude mice. 2. The combined dose of muramyl dipeptide (MDP) or a water-soluble lipoidal amine, CP-46665 and DDS mixed with chow in the content ratio of 0.005% completely inhibited the growth of LB. Whereas, the growth inhibition by DDS alone was only partial. 3. A derivative of MDP, muroctasin could partially inhibit the growth of LB without combined dose of DDS. 4. The combined dose of an antitumor beta-1, 3-glucan named ATSO could not enhance the partial growth inhibition due to the dose of DDS through 0.005%-DDS chow. Based on these results, the possibility of Jcl:AF-nu mice as a favorable animal model for examining the synergic inhibitory effect on the growth of LB due to the combined dose of an antileprous chemotherapeutic and an immunostimulant was discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":76236,"journal":{"name":"Nihon Rai Gakkai zasshi","volume":"58 4","pages":"241-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13633344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Studies on the development of novel anti-leprous chemotherapeutics using nude mice with special reference to a new quinolone carboxylic acid, AT-4140.","authors":"S Tsutsumi,&nbsp;M Gidoh","doi":"10.5025/hansen1977.58.250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5025/hansen1977.58.250","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In order to develop a novel drug for antileprosy chemotherapy, the inhibitory effects of three synthesized compounds, a supplied antituberculous one and three quinolone carboxylic acids were examined on the growth of leprosy bacilli inoculated into the footpads of nude mice. Amongst them, a new quinolone carboxylic acid, AT-4140 whose chemical structure was 5-amino-1-cyclopropyl-6,8-difluoro-1,4-dihydro-7-(cis-3, 5-dimethyl-1-piperazinyl)-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid strongly inhibited the growth of leprosy bacilli at doses of 15 and 30 mg/kg. Whereas, the effect of Ofloxacin used as a positive control was limited at the same doses.</p>","PeriodicalId":76236,"journal":{"name":"Nihon Rai Gakkai zasshi","volume":"58 4","pages":"250-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13633346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The experimental inoculation with Mycobacterium leprae in autoimmune mice: results of MRL/lpr mice inoculated into the right hind foot (continued).","authors":"Y Yogi,&nbsp;K Nakamura,&nbsp;A Suzuki","doi":"10.5025/hansen1977.58.235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5025/hansen1977.58.235","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Using MRL/lpr, NOD and Crj:CD-1 (ICR) mice, inoculations of M. leprae were made into the right hind foot at a dose of 5.8 x 10(6) bacilli per foot in order to study the influence of the immunobiological characteristics of their mice on the growth of M. leprae. To summarize of the results, MRL/lpr mice showed the high susceptibility to M. leprae, while that of NOD mice were poor. In conclusion, the immunobiological characteristics of MRL/lpr, autoimmune mice bearing lpr gene had effect on the multiplication of M. leprae, this mouse is a suitable multibacillary model for the study of leprosy.</p>","PeriodicalId":76236,"journal":{"name":"Nihon Rai Gakkai zasshi","volume":"58 4","pages":"235-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13633343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Phospholipid-deacylating activities of the mouse peritoneal macrophages during phagocytosis].","authors":"G Matsuki,&nbsp;Y Kashiwabara,&nbsp;H Nakagawa","doi":"10.5025/hansen1977.58.259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5025/hansen1977.58.259","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the macrophages (M phi) obtained from mouse peritoneal exudates, five kinds of phospholipid-deacylating activities were detected using phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylcholine (PC) labeled with [1-14C]oleic acid either in 1- or 2- position and 1- [1-14C]oleoyl-lysoPE, as substrates. Two types of phospholipipase A1 with pH optima of 4 to 6 and 8, respectively, and two types of phospholipase A2 activities with pH optima of 4 to 5 and 8, respectively, were identified. A detected lysophospholipase activity exhibited a broad pH optimum between 4 and 8. Both types of the phospholipase A1 and A2 of M phi hydrolyzed PE more than PC. Exogenously added Ca2+ did not increase the enzymatic activities. A comparison was made of three kinds of the M phi-phospholipid deacylating activities at pH8, after challenging the M phi with Mycobacterium lepraemurium, Escherichia coli, zymosan, or latex beads for 17 hours at 37 degrees C. The bacteria used to the phagocytosis were autoclaved. When the M phi were challenged with M. lepraemurium, the phospholipase A1, A2 and lysophospholipase activities were stimulated by about 160%, 150% and 140%, respectively. However, when challenged with E. coli, the phospholipase A1 activity remarkably decreased by about a third, although the phospholipase A2 activity was stimulated by about 150% that is similar to the challenge with M. lepraemurium. An inflammatory substance, zymosan seemed an effective inducer of the phospholipase A2, the enzymatic activity was remarkably stimulated by 260%, when challenged with 200 micrograms of zymosan. The increase in phospholipase A2 activity of the M phi pretreated with the bacteria or zymosan seems to result in an increase in the hydrolysis of arachidonic acid from the M phi-phospholipids to synthesize its inflammatory oxygenated metabolites. The lysophospholipase activity was not stimulated by the substances used to challenge the M phi, except for M. lepraemurium. No significant increase in three kinds of phospholipid-deacylating activities was observed after challenging the M phi with latex beads. It was considered from the above results that the M phi-phospholipid-deacylating activities at pH8 might be affected by sort of the ingested substances.</p>","PeriodicalId":76236,"journal":{"name":"Nihon Rai Gakkai zasshi","volume":"58 4","pages":"259-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13633347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}