American journal of infection control最新文献_第2页

An evaluation of technical assistance provided to infection prevention and control and antimicrobial resistance programs funded by the Global Fund's COVID-19 Response Mechanism. 对由全球基金COVID-19应对机制资助的感染防控和抗微生物药物耐药性规划提供的技术援助进行了评估。

IF 2.6 3区医学

American journal of infection control Pub Date : 2026-10-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2026.09.020

Marius Nsoh, Elizabeth Leighty, Jonas Rigodon, Khen Kabamba, Loyce Kihungi, Ibiang Livinus, Sylvester Nandi, Kasu Tola, Claire Bailey, Carolyn Herzig, Sean Mann, Biesse Soura, Jamine Weiss, Amber Vasquez, Paul Malpiedi

{"title":"An evaluation of technical assistance provided to infection prevention and control and antimicrobial resistance programs funded by the Global Fund's COVID-19 Response Mechanism.","authors":"Marius Nsoh, Elizabeth Leighty, Jonas Rigodon, Khen Kabamba, Loyce Kihungi, Ibiang Livinus, Sylvester Nandi, Kasu Tola, Claire Bailey, Carolyn Herzig, Sean Mann, Biesse Soura, Jamine Weiss, Amber Vasquez, Paul Malpiedi","doi":"10.1016/j.ajic.2026.09.020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2026.09.020","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Effective infection prevention and control (IPC) programs are essential for preventing healthcare-associated infections and combating antimicrobial resistance (AR), particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The Global Fund's COVID-19 Response Mechanism (C19RM) created an opportunity for countries to receive funding to strengthen IPC and AR programs. In 2022, the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, in partnership with the CDC Foundation, provided technical assistance (TA) to seven countries that received C19RM IPC and AR funds. This manuscript describes an evaluation of the TA program.Methods: TA was delivered by in-country consultants and US-based experts via virtual engagement and in-person visits. A mixed-methods evaluation was conducted, analyzing monitoring data, surveys, and key informant interviews. Guided by the CDC Framework for Program Evaluation and an adapted Kirkpatrick Model, the evaluation assessed TA delivery and recipient satisfaction and perceptions of TA.Results: All 12 survey respondents reported satisfaction, noting that TA increased C19RM funding awareness and supported proposal development, with approximately $14 million in C19RM IPC and AR funds awarded in their countries. Recipients perceived improved capacity to plan, implement, coordinate, and monitor IPC and AR activities.Conclusions: These findings highlight the value of tailored TA for IPC and AR programs.","PeriodicalId":7621,"journal":{"name":"American journal of infection control","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149103088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quality control of operating room traffic by direct observation. 直接观察手术室流量的质量控制。

IF 2.6 3区医学

American journal of infection control Pub Date : 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2026.09.015

Kathryn Ghobrial, Heather Dixon, Katie Palladino, Mohamed Yassin

{"title":"Quality control of operating room traffic by direct observation.","authors":"Kathryn Ghobrial, Heather Dixon, Katie Palladino, Mohamed Yassin","doi":"10.1016/j.ajic.2026.09.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajic.2026.09.015","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In an operating room, the pressure is controlled to be greater than the pressure of the hallway surrounding it. However, the positive pressure decreases if the door is opened frequently or for a prolonged period. This study assessed intraoperative measures for preventing the onset of a surgical site infection (SSI). The problems assessed in this study were excessive traffic in the operating room (OR) and low hand hygiene (HH) rates.Methods: Six ORs were observed over three months. Data were collected using a closed-ended survey tool. Whether HH was performed and any observable reason for entering or exiting was recorded. The reasons observed were categorized into three groups based on how essential they were to the surgery.Results: 800 observations were recorded during the time the incision was open. The reasons were categorized as follows: necessary (n = 181; 22.6%), sometimes necessary or potentially avoidable (n = 244; 30.5%), unnecessary (n = 144; 14.25%), and the rest of the observations (n = 166; 20.70%) had no observable causes. 143 (17.9%) of staff members completed HH.Conclusions: The data exemplifies the importance of continuing to monitor traffic and hand hygiene compliance in the operating room.","PeriodicalId":7621,"journal":{"name":"American journal of infection control","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149103085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Trends and disparities in herpes zoster vaccination coverage among US adults with cardiovascular disease. 美国成人心血管疾病患者带状疱疹疫苗接种覆盖率的趋势和差异

IF 2.6 3区医学

American journal of infection control Pub Date : 2026-09-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2026.09.018

Chieh-Yu Ho, Chun-Tse Hung, Hsin-Yi Huang, Chung-Hsuen Wu

{"title":"Trends and disparities in herpes zoster vaccination coverage among US adults with cardiovascular disease.","authors":"Chieh-Yu Ho, Chun-Tse Hung, Hsin-Yi Huang, Chung-Hsuen Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.ajic.2026.09.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2026.09.018","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a risk factor for herpes zoster. Patients with CVD may benefit from zoster vaccination to prevent zoster and its complications. However, zoster vaccination coverage and factors associated with being vaccinated among this population remain unclear.Objectives: We examined trends in zoster vaccination and identified factors associated with being vaccinated among US adults with CVD.Methods: Data from the 2011 to 2022 National Health Interview Survey were used. The study population was adults aged ≥50 years with CVD. Joinpoint regression models were used to analyze vaccination trends, and multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with vaccine uptake.Results: Zoster vaccination coverage among adults with CVD increased significantly from 12.2% in 2011 to 40.5% in 2022 (p<0.01), with the most rapid increase from 2011 to 2014 (annual percent change: 21.4%; 95% confidence interval=14.1%-37.5%, p<0.01). Coverage of Shingrix also increased over time. Older age (≥70 years), female sex, and higher socioeconomic status were significantly associated with vaccination.Conclusions: Zoster vaccination coverage increased among US adults with CVD, but disparities remained. These findings highlight the need for targeted strategies to increase zoster vaccination in this population.","PeriodicalId":7621,"journal":{"name":"American journal of infection control","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149103082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Using genomic surveillance to detect related Guiana Extended-Spectrum (GES) β-lactamase-producing Carbapenem-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA) cases in a clinical setting. 利用基因组监测在临床环境中检测相关的圭亚那广谱(GES) β-内酰胺酶产生碳青霉烯耐药性铜绿假单胞菌（CRPA）病例。

IF 2.6 3区医学

American journal of infection control Pub Date : 2026-09-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2026.09.017

Sandeep K Bhaurla, Emily B Fox, Jehan Mephors, Kezia Coster, Alba Montes, Karen Nguyen, Kathryn Siemers, Kelsey OYong, David Jensen, Zachary Rubin, Jacob M Garrigues, Nicole M Green

{"title":"Using genomic surveillance to detect related Guiana Extended-Spectrum (GES) β-lactamase-producing Carbapenem-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA) cases in a clinical setting.","authors":"Sandeep K Bhaurla, Emily B Fox, Jehan Mephors, Kezia Coster, Alba Montes, Karen Nguyen, Kathryn Siemers, Kelsey OYong, David Jensen, Zachary Rubin, Jacob M Garrigues, Nicole M Green","doi":"10.1016/j.ajic.2026.09.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2026.09.017","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA) cause difficult-to-treat infections and can be transmitted in healthcare facilities. CRPA containing Guiana Extended-Spectrum (GES) genes are rare in Los Angeles County and undetectable using commonly used assays. This report describes the detection and transmission of GES-CRPA in a long-term acute care hospital (LTACH).Methods: Epidemiological investigations and environmental samplings were performed to identify and control a potential source of transmission. Microbiological isolation techniques and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) were used to recover blaGES isolates and determine relatedness.Results: Genomic surveillance identified three related clinical cases of GES-CRPA over a three-year span. Environmental sampling of sinks and sink drains identified related GES-CRPA isolates. These isolates were found to contain an uncommon combination of antimicrobial resistance genes present in a class 1 integron. Infection control measures intended to prevent transmission from sinks and adjacent surfaces were implemented.Conclusions: This work highlights the importance of combining traditional epidemiology and genomic surveillance to detect outbreaks that may have otherwise gone unnoticed, enabling rapid outbreak management.","PeriodicalId":7621,"journal":{"name":"American journal of infection control","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149079394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Infection prevention and control in residential congregate settings for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities: A learning needs assessment. 在智力和发育障碍者的居住聚集环境中预防和控制感染：学习需求评估。

IF 2.6 3区医学

American journal of infection control Pub Date : 2026-09-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2026.09.016

Elise Mantell, Sueann Jardine, Molly M Kratz, Elizabeth Cave, Paula Kibuka Musoke, Lori Frohwirth, Angela N Shelton, Jeanne Sullivan Meissner, William Greendyke

引用次数: 0

Contrasting outbreak dynamics in inborn and outborn neonatal intensive care units: Insights from multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and Candida guilliermondii outbreaks in NICUs in a tertiary care hospital in central India. 对比出生和外生新生儿重症监护病房的爆发动态：来自印度中部一家三级护理医院新生儿重症监护病房耐多药肺炎克雷伯菌和吉利蒙念珠菌爆发的见解

IF 2.6 3区医学

American journal of infection control Pub Date : 2026-09-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2026.09.014

Neha S Bawankar, Sonal Chavan, Shilpa Naresh Pandhare, Da I Nesha Banylla Lyngdoh, Sunanda N Shrikhande

{"title":"Contrasting outbreak dynamics in inborn and outborn neonatal intensive care units: Insights from multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and Candida guilliermondii outbreaks in NICUs in a tertiary care hospital in central India.","authors":"Neha S Bawankar, Sonal Chavan, Shilpa Naresh Pandhare, Da I Nesha Banylla Lyngdoh, Sunanda N Shrikhande","doi":"10.1016/j.ajic.2026.09.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajic.2026.09.014","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This study investigates the microbiological, clinical, and epidemiological characteristics of 2 healthcare-associated infection clusters: multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in the inborn NICU and Candida guilliermondii in the outborn NICU, and evaluates the associated risk factors and infection prevention and control (IPC) measures implemented to control them.Methods: Clinical and environmental samples obtained during the investigation were processed using standard microbiological procedures. Species identification was performed using a biochemical panel and confirmed with the VITEK-2 Compact and MALDI-TOF-MS. Microbiological findings, clinical characteristics, and outbreak patterns were analyzed.Results: A total of 21 neonates were affected during the K pneumoniae outbreak, and 5 during the C guilliermondii outbreak. Most affected neonates were preterm, low birth weight, and had prior exposure to broad-spectrum antibiotics and invasive devices. The temporal and epidemiological characteristics of K pneumoniae cases suggested a propagated pattern, whereas those of C guilliermondii cases suggested a localized common-source pattern. Environmental surveillance identified contamination of IV saline syringe pumps and hubs associated with specific cradles in the K pneumoniae outbreak, with C guilliermondii isolated from an implicated cradle in the outborn NICU. Both outbreaks were successfully managed after implementing IPC practices.Conclusions: This study concludes that managing outbreaks in NICUs, despite their complexities, relies on prompt identification, thorough investigations to identify infection sources and risk factors, and reinforcement of routine IPC measures.","PeriodicalId":7621,"journal":{"name":"American journal of infection control","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149023762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How Infection Preventionists Learn the Role: An Evaluation of Infection Prevention Training Methods from the 2025 APIC MegaSurvey. 感染预防学家如何学习角色：2025年APIC大型调查对感染预防培训方法的评估。

IF 2.6 3区医学

American journal of infection control Pub Date : 2026-09-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2026.09.010

Adriana Jimenez, Lisa Hall, Kayla Ruch, Sara M Reese, Rebecca Crapanzano-Sigafoos, Janet Haas, Bryan Knepper, Shelley E Kon, Katreena C Merrill, Elizabeth Monsees

{"title":"How Infection Preventionists Learn the Role: An Evaluation of Infection Prevention Training Methods from the 2025 APIC MegaSurvey.","authors":"Adriana Jimenez, Lisa Hall, Kayla Ruch, Sara M Reese, Rebecca Crapanzano-Sigafoos, Janet Haas, Bryan Knepper, Shelley E Kon, Katreena C Merrill, Elizabeth Monsees","doi":"10.1016/j.ajic.2026.09.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2026.09.010","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The infection prevention and control (IPC) field is evolving, increasing responsibilities and topic scope. Individuals enter IPC from diverse professional backgrounds, creating challenges for efficient and effective training of infection preventionists (IPs). This study aimed to describe training methods used across different IP groups.Methods: Data were drawn from the 2025 Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology (APIC) MegaSurvey. Training methods and selected IPC topics were compared by educational degree, primary role, professional background, and team structure. Frequencies and percentages were calculated, and chi-square tests assessed associations.Results: Mentor/leader training, formal online or in-person courses, and self-taught learning were the most common methods. IPs with advanced degrees more often received academic training across topics compared to those with bachelor's degrees or below. Those with public health backgrounds were more likely to receive academic training in data use and outbreak investigation. Solo-IPs relied more on self-directed learning than those in team-based roles.Conclusions: IP training varies by education, role, background, and team structure. These findings highlight the need for targeted, adaptable training approaches to effectively support a diverse IPC workforce.","PeriodicalId":7621,"journal":{"name":"American journal of infection control","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149011794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prevalence and risk factors of Candidozyma auris colonization among adult intensive care unit patients in India: Evaluation of a real-time PCR screening approach. “印度成年ICU患者耳念珠菌定植的患病率和危险因素：实时PCR筛选方法的评估”。

IF 2.6 3区医学

American journal of infection control Pub Date : 2026-09-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2026.09.012

Kailash Chandra Dabi, Hitha Haridas, Samrin Ejaz Hussain Sayed, Vandana Talwar, Rajni Gaind

{"title":"Prevalence and risk factors of Candidozyma auris colonization among adult intensive care unit patients in India: Evaluation of a real-time PCR screening approach.","authors":"Kailash Chandra Dabi, Hitha Haridas, Samrin Ejaz Hussain Sayed, Vandana Talwar, Rajni Gaind","doi":"10.1016/j.ajic.2026.09.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajic.2026.09.012","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Candidozyma (previously Candida) auris is a multidrug-resistant yeast linked to nosocomial outbreaks in intensive care units (ICUs); colonization precedes invasive disease and drives transmission. We aimed to determine the prevalence of C auris colonization among adult ICU patients using real-time PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) and to identify associated risk factors.Methods: A prospective study was conducted over 18 months (April-2023 to September-2024) in a tertiary-care adult ICU in India. Composite axilla/groin swabs were collected on Day 1 and Day 4 of ICU stay. Samples underwent enrichment broth culture, CHROMagar plating, VITEK 2 identification, and species-specific real-time PCR. Risk factors were evaluated by univariate analysis and multivariable logistic regression.Results: Among 250 patients (500 swabs), colonization rose from 2.4% on Day 1 to 19.2% on Day 4. PCR showed 100% sensitivity and 98.24% specificity versus culture. Significant associations included urinary catheter use, bloodstream and respiratory infections, and prior exposure to meropenem, azithromycin, clarithromycin, and amikacin. In multivariable analysis, meropenem and azithromycin use on Day 1 independently predicted Day-4 colonization.Conclusion: Candidozyma auris colonization rose 8-fold by Day 4; PCR detected more cases than culture, enabling faster infection-control responses. Prior meropenem and azithromycin exposure independently predicted Day-4 colonization, suggesting antimicrobial pressure may contribute, though confounding by illness severity cannot be excluded. These findings support PCR-based surveillance and targeted stewardship to limit transmission.","PeriodicalId":7621,"journal":{"name":"American journal of infection control","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148987695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Epidemiological analysis of respiratory and enteric outbreaks in long-term care homes in Ontario, Canada, from 2020 to 2025: A retrospective longitudinal cross-sectional study. 2020年至2025年加拿大安大略省长期护养院呼吸道和肠道疾病暴发的流行病学分析回顾性纵向横断面研究。

IF 2.6 3区医学

American journal of infection control Pub Date : 2026-09-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2026.09.008

Emmanuel Ihekweazu, Jeffrey Idogho, James Ayukekbong

{"title":"Epidemiological analysis of respiratory and enteric outbreaks in long-term care homes in Ontario, Canada, from 2020 to 2025: A retrospective longitudinal cross-sectional study.","authors":"Emmanuel Ihekweazu, Jeffrey Idogho, James Ayukekbong","doi":"10.1016/j.ajic.2026.09.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajic.2026.09.008","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Outbreaks of respiratory and enteric infections constitute a major threat to residents in long-term care (LTC) homes. The aim of the study was to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of respiratory and enteric outbreaks during and after the COVID-19 pandemic in order to provide a scientific basis for infection prevention and control strategies.Methods: This retrospective, longitudinal, cross-sectional study examined respiratory and enteric outbreaks across 25 LTC homes in Ontario, Canada, from 2020 to 2025. The difference in pathogen distribution by month, season, and year was examined. Outbreaks were categorized by phase: pandemic (2020-2022) and post-pandemic (2023-2025), and categorical distributions were analyzed using Chi-Square tests.Results: The pandemic phase was dominated by SARS-CoV-2 with widespread suppression of other viruses, whereas the post-pandemic era saw a multi-pathogen resurgence. Post-pandemic, influenza and Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) outbreaks peaked from October to March while rhinovirus showed multiple seasonal peaks. The mean duration of outbreak ranged from 9.81 to 18.72 days and the mean attack rate ranged from 6.76% to 22.05%.Conclusions: The post-COVID-19 pandemic in LTC homes in Ontario is defined by a complex multi-pathogen burden. SARS-CoV-2 was not eliminated post-pandemic but remained as a major cause of outbreaks in this setting with year-round circulation and Winter peaks. Influenza and RSV maintained winter seasonality. Protecting residents in LTC homes requires a sustainable multi-pathogen surveillance strategy.","PeriodicalId":7621,"journal":{"name":"American journal of infection control","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148987737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Safety window and quality control of delayed reprocessing for flexible endoscopes. 柔性内窥镜延迟再加工的安全窗口与质量控制。

IF 2.6 3区医学

American journal of infection control Pub Date : 2026-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2026.09.009

Li-Na Chen, Jia Qian, Wen-Qing Li, Qing Gu

{"title":"Safety window and quality control of delayed reprocessing for flexible endoscopes.","authors":"Li-Na Chen, Jia Qian, Wen-Qing Li, Qing Gu","doi":"10.1016/j.ajic.2026.09.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajic.2026.09.009","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Delays between bedside pre-cleaning and manual reprocessing may impair endoscope cleaning, but acceptable delay intervals remain unclear.Methods: Six types of endoscopes were contaminated with sheep blood, pre-cleaned, and manually cleaned after type-specific delays. Gastrointestinal endoscopes contaminated with sheep blood, fluorescent marker, and Escherichia coli were pre-cleaned with moisturizing or non-moisturizing enzymatic detergent and reprocessed after delays of 3, 8, or 24 hours. Protein residue, microbial recovery, borescope findings, and fluorescence were assessed at 3 stages: before manual cleaning, after manual cleaning, and after automated endoscope reprocessor processing.Results: Cleaning pass rates declined when delays exceeded 2 hours for gastrointestinal endoscopes, therapeutic gastrointestinal endoscopes, and colonoscopes. Duodenoscopes were particularly affected, with pass rates decreasing to 20% at 2 hours and 0% at 2.5 hours. At an 8-hour delay, moisturizing detergent provided better microbial control than non-moisturizing detergent. All gastrointestinal endoscopes met the microbiological criterion after the complete automated endoscope reprocessor cycle.Discussion: Delayed reprocessing primarily impaired manual cleaning, particularly in structurally complex endoscopes.Conclusions: The findings support prompt manual cleaning and moisture retention when delays are unavoidable. The delay thresholds observed in this experimental model require clinical validation.","PeriodicalId":7621,"journal":{"name":"American journal of infection control","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148981962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0