AIP Advances最新文献

{"title":"Dual-functional copper oxide nanofluids for transformer: Synergistic enhancement of antimicrobial and insulating properties","authors":"Haidan Lin, Lijie Xu, Qunying Yu, Jiachang Guo, Dan Liŭ, Daiyong Yang, Jingyao Luan, Junbo Liu, Yi Fang","doi":"10.1063/5.0269819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0269819","url":null,"abstract":"Oil in transformer insulation systems critically safeguards grids, yet microbial contamination catastrophically compromises dielectric integrity, threatening grid resilience worldwide. To address this dual challenge of biocontamination and insulation degradation, we engineered bifunctional copper oxide nanofluids (CuO NFs) through crystallographic tailoring and surface charge optimization. Two dominant actinomycetes (Mycoplana and Rothia), isolated from operational transformers, achieved up to 98.19% and 96.32% inactivation rates when exposed to CuO NFs, coupled with a 1.62-fold increase in AC breakdown voltage compared to base oil, owing to the designed monoclinic-phase CuO nanoparticles (+20.14 ± 1.5 mV) that disrupted microbial integrity via electrostatic adhesion and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, which is the first demonstration of nanoscale ROS-mediated antimicrobial mechanisms in oil-immersed insulation systems. This work provides a robust strategy for the development of bifunctional NFs that mitigate microbial contamination and enhance insulating properties.","PeriodicalId":7619,"journal":{"name":"AIP Advances","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147333584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-pressure synthesis, mechanical properties, and magnetic behavior of chromium diboride","authors":"Hao Jiang, Xingbin Zhao, Hao Zhang, Shuailing Ma, Xuehui Xiao","doi":"10.1063/5.0271239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0271239","url":null,"abstract":"Despite persistent synthetic challenges in realizing borophene, transition metal diborides, characterized by honeycomb borophene substructure and weak interlayer coupling, are attracting growing interest as potentially viable alternatives. Herein, we synthesized a bulk CrB2 sample with a honeycomb boron substructure using high pressure and high temperature method. CrB2 yields an asymptotic hardness of 12.3 GPa and a fracture toughness of 3.62 MPa·m1/2. First-principles calculations, corroborated by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, reveal that the high hardness stems from strong covalent bonding and a rigid boron network, while the enhanced fracture toughness arises from mechanical anisotropy and the metallic character within the layers. Chromium atoms stabilize the honeycomb structure through electron transfer that fills the empty π-bands, a process predominantly mediated by strongly directional Cr-3d a1g orbitals. Furthermore, CrB2 displays typical antiferromagnetic behavior with a Néel temperature of 96 K. The presence of defect structures in the sample influences its magnetic behavior, leading to a transition from ferromagnetic to antiferromagnetic, and then to paramagnetic behavior with increasing temperature. This work provides a valuable platform for understanding the mechanisms by which metals stabilize honeycomb boron substructures, paving the way for future borophene materials synthesis.","PeriodicalId":7619,"journal":{"name":"AIP Advances","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147333145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation of Zr-MOFs and removal of tetracycline hydrochloride","authors":"Fuhua Wei, Hua Li, Qinhui Ren, Lu Yang, Qin Zhang, Min Li, Wei Shang","doi":"10.1063/5.0257502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0257502","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, Zr-based metal–organic frameworks (Zr-MOFs) were synthesized via a solvothermal method using zirconium acetate and 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine as the metal precursor and organic ligand, respectively. The synthesized MOFs were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. The adsorption efficiency of MOFs for tetracycline hydrochloride removal was investigated. Results revealed that adding 20 mg of MOFs to a 50 ppm tetracycline hydrochloride solution resulted in a maximum adsorption capacity of 240.3 mg/g within 5 h. Kinetic modeling confirmed that the adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, while isothermal adsorption conformed to the Freundlich model. This indicates that multilayer adsorption was the dominant removal mechanism for tetracycline hydrochloride by MOFs.","PeriodicalId":7619,"journal":{"name":"AIP Advances","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147892672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abelson, Philip Hauge on 2002 June 19, 26 and July 3. Session II","authors":"","doi":"10.1063/nbla.nmkk.vbme","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/nbla.nmkk.vbme","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7619,"journal":{"name":"AIP Advances","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147909358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Moniz, Ernest on 2020 September 9, September 25, October 9, October 19, November 3, November 9, November 23, November 30, December 7, December 14.","authors":"","doi":"10.1063/nbla.jqmg.elml","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/nbla.jqmg.elml","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7619,"journal":{"name":"AIP Advances","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147911888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Programmable 3D morphologies in laser-etched organogel–hydrogel hybrids","authors":"Guangyan Wang, Yan Li, Haigang Shi, Jianliang Bai, Shaodong Li","doi":"10.1063/5.0268905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0268905","url":null,"abstract":"Materials with heterogeneous structures exhibit the ability to form intricate three-dimensional shapes upon pressure release, positioning them as highly promising for applications in biomedicine and tissue engineering. In this study, laser etching was employed to create hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions on the surface of organogel–hydrogel hybrids. Leveraging the distinct swelling behaviors of hydrogels and organogels, programmable self-adaptive materials with complex three-dimensional morphologies were successfully developed by fine-tuning both etching and gel parameters. Notably, structures mimicking “sheep,” “octopus,” and “snail” demonstrate both artistic value and programmable material properties, with direct applications in on-demand biomedical devices and adaptive soft actuators.","PeriodicalId":7619,"journal":{"name":"AIP Advances","volume":"15 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147914243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analyzing electrical transport phenomena in NdMn0.3Co0.7O3","authors":"Farooq Hussain Bhat, Jan Asifa, G. Anjum","doi":"10.1063/9.0000919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/9.0000919","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of Co doping on the conduction mechanism of polycrystalline NdMn0.3Co0.7O3 (NMCO7) sample, is studied by measuring the temperature-dependent dc resistivity ρ (T) from 150 K to 400 K. The temperature dependence of electrical resistivity indicates a typical semiconducting behavior of NMCO7. The electrical resistivity data as a function of temperature is fitted using models such as the Arrhenius law, small polaron hopping, and Mott-variable range hopping. The data follows the thermal activation and the small polaron hopping model in the high-temperature region, the latter account for electron–phonon interaction. In contrast, at lower temperatures, the Mott-VRH yield better results. Hence, in the NMCO7 system, the charge transport properties are governed by a complex interplay among thermal activation localized electronic states, and Coulomb interactions.","PeriodicalId":7619,"journal":{"name":"AIP Advances","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.aip.org/aip/adv/article-pdf/doi/10.1063/9.0000919/20438071/035323_1_9.0000919.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147914651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the discharge characteristics of a nozzle-broadened plasma jet and its anticancer potential","authors":"Renpu Ge, Jiangling Shu, Jingshuo Zhang, Xinyi Zhao, Ni Tuqiang, Runze Fan, Z. Li, Qi Miao, Dehui Xu","doi":"10.1063/5.0251716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0251716","url":null,"abstract":"Atmospheric pressure cold plasma technology has demonstrated promising anticancer effects in cancer therapy, but the small effective treatment area limits its ability to meet the need for larger treatment zones in practical applications. In this study, a hollow needle-ring electrode structure was used to achieve a laterally broadened discharge at low gas flow rates through a slit dielectric tube nozzle. At an argon gas flow rate of 3 standard liters per minute (SLM), the nozzle was fully filled with visible plasma filaments, so there was no need to increase the gas flow rate, which reduced the cost investment. By maintaining the argon gas flow rate at 3 SLM, the effect of different voltages on discharge characteristics was studied. It was found that increasing the voltage improved the uniformity of the lateral discharge and the intensity of reactive species. At 12 kV, the discharge area reached 25 (laterally) × 7 mm2 (vertically), achieving a uniform and effective widening of the plasma treatment area. In addition, the measured values for human-safe current and gas temperature met the requirements for safety, making the plasma suitable for biomedical applications. With the increase in plasma treatment time, the concentrations of H2O2, NO2−,and ONOO−/O2− also increased. 57% of A549 cells cultured in vitro can be inactivated within 4 min by apoptosis, demonstrating the device’s effective anticancer potential.","PeriodicalId":7619,"journal":{"name":"AIP Advances","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147918768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facile preparation of chemically stable metal mesh-based superamphiphobic surface toward effective anti-adhesion","authors":"Yixin Sun, Zihan Yin, Caiyun Shen, Wei Yang, Qi Chen, Yu Liu, Zhongcheng Ke, Changjiang Li","doi":"10.1063/5.0238635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0238635","url":null,"abstract":"Superamphiphobic materials that possess extraordinary hydrophobic and oleophobic dual characteristics have aroused widespread attention for their application in the fields of self-cleaning, petroleum industry, and antifouling. However, the synthetic process is a formidable challenge. Herein, this paper provides a simple method for preparing superamphiphobic materials on the base of stainless steel metal mesh (SSM). CuO nanoclusters (CuO-NCs) were fabricated in situ on the surface of SSM to obtain CuO-NCs@SSM by immersion–burning method, followed by solution deposition method to coat the silane fluoride group (SFG) on CuO-NCs@SSM (SFG@CuO-NCs@SSM). SFG@CuO-NCs@SSM possesses brilliant superhydrophobic and superoleophobic properties with the static contact angle of water, diesel oil, glycerin, corn oil, and liquid paraffin droplets of 153°, 152°, 153°, 152°, and 151°, respectively. The sample also shows excellent anti-adhesion, from which the falling water can automatically take away the powder attached to the surface of the material. When the sample was immersed in liquid paraffin, the mirror phenomenon will appear. Moreover, the material remains dry on the surface after taking out from the solutions of liquid paraffin or muddy water. In addition, the sample has excellent high temperature resistance and acid/alkaline resistance. The chemical durability tests display that SFG@CuO-NCs@SSM can remain superamphiphobic under chemical damages, including high temperatures (25–200 °C) and acid/alkaline solutions (pH = 1–14). In this paper, the fabrication process of SFG@CuO-NCs@SSM can be extended to different metal materials, which has enormous range of application potential prospects.","PeriodicalId":7619,"journal":{"name":"AIP Advances","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147332307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on the stable spreading mechanism of the droplet and analysis on the spinnability of a novel electrospinning nozzle based on radially splayed multiple vanes","authors":"Jian Liu, Shanshan Pan, Yanbo Liu, Xiaoxiao Wang","doi":"10.1063/5.0260319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0260319","url":null,"abstract":"Electrospun nanofibers have gained much interest recently because of their adjustable porous structure, high specific surface area, and large number of active sites, further enhancing the performance of nanofiber materials, which are prepared in laboratories using the needle electrospinning method most frequently. However, the issues in the needle electrospinning process, such as liquid clogging on the needle tip and droplet dripping/splashing, have negative effects on the production, morphology, structure, and property of the electrospun nanofibers. In this paper, a novel electrospinning nozzle based on radially splayed multiple vanes was proposed to solve the problems existing in the capillary needle electrospinning process. The spreading status and holding time of the droplet on the nozzle tip were theoretically addressed through a series of mathematical calculations and derivations. The spinnability of the PAN solution on the novel nozzle was tested to investigate the spinnable concentration range. The experimental results showed that the novel nozzle with an approximate 38.5° splaying angle can promote the full spreading of the droplet up to a diameter of ∼8 mm and prolong the droplet dripping time exceeding 123 s for a 10 wt. % PAN solution. The spinnable viscosity of the novel nozzle could reach 143 Pa s, which was nearly four times that of the conventional capillary needle. In addition, the multiple jets could be inspired in electrospinning by the novel nozzle and the nanofibers prepared were featured with a fine diameter of 420 nm and a coefficient of variance value as low as 15%. Both the theoretical analysis and experimental results indicated that the novel nozzle based on radially splayed multiple vanes was capable of optimizing the spreading surface and holding time of the spinning solution, and the solution droplet could be kept stably on the nozzle without dripping and splashing. More importantly, this novel nozzle can broaden the spinnability range of the spinning solution.","PeriodicalId":7619,"journal":{"name":"AIP Advances","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147911077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}