Russian Journal of Electrochemistry最新文献

{"title":"The Effect of Proton Donors on the Process of Electrochemical Generation of Thiocyanogen and Its Reactivity","authors":"Y. N. Kozyrev,&nbsp;A. S. Mendkovich,&nbsp;V. A. Kokorekin,&nbsp;V. B. Luzhkov,&nbsp;A. I. Rusakov,&nbsp;V. V. Jouikov","doi":"10.1134/S1023193524700575","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1023193524700575","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In continuation of our systematic study of the mechanism of thiocyanogen generation via electrochemical oxidation of thiocyanate anion in acetonitrile, the influence of proton donors both on the generation and on the reactivity of thiocyanogen itself was studied by experimental (cyclic voltammetry, electrolysis) and theoretical (digital simulations, quantum chemical calculations) methods. In a series of acids of various strengths (acetic, trifluoroacetic and perchloric acids), the effect was revealed only in the case of a strong proton donor, perchloric acid. It was shown that perchloric acid forms with thiocyanogen a hydrogen-bonded complex, less active in the thiocyanation reaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":760,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Electrochemistry","volume":"60 Based","pages":"1028 - 1040"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145121399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancement of the Reactant Distribution and Power Density of PEMFCs Using a Semicircular Trap Shape in the Flow-Field","authors":"T. Raja,&nbsp;G. Kumaresan","doi":"10.1134/S1023193524700563","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1023193524700563","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The performance enhancement of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) is directly correlated with water flooding, which is based on the design and operational parameters of the flow field. Flooding affects reactant distributions; hence, effective water management is necessary for optimizing the performance of PEMFCs. The present study, investigated the performance of PEMFCs by introducing a novel semicircular trap shape in the flow field, and assessed the effect of increasing the number of traps and the size of the trap shape. The introduction of the trap shape in the flow field, reduces the land width at the location of the bipolar plate. This reduced land width increases the current density per unit of active area. Therefore, figuring out the perfect size and quantity of traps is essential to improving PEMFC efficacy. The results show that a channel with a single trap shape of 2.0 mm width and 1.0 mm height provide higher current density. The trap shapes improve reactant distribution, effective water management and enhance the power density. This novel trap shape can be implemented in a conventional channel providing an inexpensive solution to enhance PEMFC performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":760,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Electrochemistry","volume":"60 Based","pages":"1007 - 1019"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145121404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toward Detection of Formaldehyde on Copper Oxides Formed from Copper Iodide–Polypyrrole Composite","authors":"A. O. Konakov,&nbsp;N. V. Talagaeva,&nbsp;K. V. Gor’kov,&nbsp;E. V. Zolotukhina","doi":"10.1134/S1023193524700605","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1023193524700605","url":null,"abstract":"<p>An approach of the preparation of catalysts based on copper oxide-polypyrrole (PPy) composites formed via electrooxidation of CuI–PPy layers on the surface of inert glassy carbon electrode was proposed. The pure CuI without polypyrrole matrix was used for comparison. The formation of CuO and the presence of CuO phase in electrooxidized samples was confirmed by EDX and XRD analysis correspondingly. Electrochemical properties of electrooxidized CuI–PPy composite (EOCP) were studied in formaldehyde and methanol oxidation reactions and compared with electrochemical properties of electrooxidized CuI (EOC) sample. Tests in methanol and in formaldehyde solutions confirmed the highest sensitivity of studied samples to formaldehyde. The linear detection range (LDR) of formaldehyde detection in alkaline solution for EOC system was 0–10 mM, the sensitivity was 125 ± 4 nA µg^–1 mM^–1, the detection limit was 15.9 ± 0.6 µM, while EOCP system demonstrated the extended LDR of 0–60 mM, the slightly lower sensitivity of 103 ± 0.5 nA µg^–1 mM^–1 but the lower detection limit of 7.3 ± 0.3 µM.</p>","PeriodicalId":760,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Electrochemistry","volume":"60 Based","pages":"1096 - 1104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145121460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Current Passage Across an Electrode/Membrane/Solution System. Part 2: Steady-State Diffusion–Migration Current. Ternary Electrolyte","authors":"M. A. Vorotyntsev,&nbsp;P. A. Zader","doi":"10.1134/S1023193524700630","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1023193524700630","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A recently proposed express method for experimental determination of diffusion coefficients of electrotive ions inside a membrane and their distribution coefficients at the membrane/solution interface (Russ. J. Electrochem., 2022, vol. 58, p. 1103) is based on the comparing of a measured non-stationary current across the electrode/membrane/electrolyte solution system upon applying a potential step with theoretical expressions for the time dependence of the current, the steady-state regime being included. In previous publications, the application of this method to the studies of the bromide anion transport across membrane is carried out under conditions of the membrane selective permeability (permselectivity) for non-electroactive counter-ions where the electrical field intensity inside it has been suppressed by their high concentration. Under this condition, the movement of electroactive co-ions (bromide anions), having a much lower concentration inside the membrane, takes place via the purely diffusion mechanism, for which analytical solutions have been available. When the concentrations of electroactive co-ions and supporting-electrolyte counter-ions inside the membrane are comparable, their transport is contributed by both diffusion and migration. In particular, such a situation takes place in a ternary system of monovalent ions where both ions of the supporting electrolyte M⁺ and A^–, as well as the electroactive anion X^–, penetrate the membrane from the external solution, their concentrations inside the membrane appeared being <i>comparable</i>. In this work, we derived analytical expressions for the steady-state distributions of the concentrations of all ionic components, as well as of the electrical field, inside the membrane as a function of the amplitude of the passing stationary current and of the ion concentrations in the bulk solution, as well as for the diffusion–migration limiting current density. In particular, it is shown that at a low concentration of co-ions at the membrane/electrolyte solution interface [compared to the concentration of fixed charged groups of the membrane: <i>X</i>_m <span>( ll )</span> min (<i>C</i>_f, <i>M</i>_m)], the migration contribution into the flux of electroactive ions can be neglected. On this reason, the formulas derived in this work for the ternary electrolyte are reduced approximately to the corresponding expressions for the pure diffusional transport. If the opposite condition is fulfilled (<i>X</i>_m/<i>C</i>_f <span>( gg )</span> 1), the migration contributions into the ion fluxes lead to a modification of the expression for the diffusion–migration limiting current.</p>","PeriodicalId":760,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Electrochemistry","volume":"60 Based","pages":"1105 - 1118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145121415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Graphenes in Supercapacitors: A Review","authors":"Yu. M. Volfkovich","doi":"10.1134/S1023193524700642","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1023193524700642","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This review investigated the literature, mainly of recent years, on the current topic of using graphenes in supercapacitors. The effects of the graphene porous structure, doping, and irradiation are considered. Methods for producing graphenes, composites of graphenes with metal oxides, sulfides, and selenides, metal particles, electron-conducting polymers, MXenes, as well as quantum dots, are considered. Electrochemical characteristics are given for the considered graphene types.</p>","PeriodicalId":760,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Electrochemistry","volume":"60 Based","pages":"1198 - 1227"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145121441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrochemical Noise Spectral Signature of Commercial Li-Ion Batteries","authors":"Radouane Maizia,&nbsp;Anthony Thomas,&nbsp;Abdelhafid Dib,&nbsp;Serguei Martemianov","doi":"10.1134/S1023193524601311","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1023193524601311","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Electrochemical noise analysis (ENA) is performed on lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO₂) ICR 18650 commercial lithium-ion batteries. The interest of ENA lies in its potential for passive diagnostics during the charging and discharging of the battery. The electrochemical noise of the batteries is characterized by two methods: power spectral density (PSD) and standard deviation (STD). Good reproducibility of the results has been demonstrated. All power spectral analyses highlight the same shape and robust signature. The obtained spectra show a classical fractional power frequency dependence (1/<i>f</i> ^α) at low frequency (0.1 &lt; <i>f</i> &lt; 1 Hz) and a plateau at very-low frequencies (less than 0.1 Hz). On one hand, the beginning (from SOC 100 to 84%) and end (SOC &lt; 16%) zones are characterized by a PSD slope α ≈ 2. On the other hand, the middle zone (16 ≤ SOC &lt; 84%) is characterized by a PSD slope α &lt; 2. The obtained STD curves have a V-shape form with the minimum value occurring near 38% of SOC, corresponding to minimum slope α = 1.2. Furthermore, the end and beginning zones exhibit significantly higher PSD amplitude (PSD(<i>f</i> → 0)) and STD compared to the middle zone. There are promising results regarding the potential for determining the state of health of the battery, but aging campaigns still need to be carried out.</p>","PeriodicalId":760,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Electrochemistry","volume":"60 Based","pages":"1163 - 1174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145121464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Extremely-Simple Method for Large-Scale Synthesis of Nano-Structured MnO Anode Material for Lithium-Ion Battery","authors":"Dong Li,&nbsp;Qi Liu,&nbsp;Qiqi Shi,&nbsp;Xiangli Guo,&nbsp;Feifei Dong,&nbsp;Jun Zong,&nbsp;Tianyang Wang","doi":"10.1134/S1023193524700551","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1023193524700551","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Using polyethylene glycol (PEG) as stabilizer to control particle size, an easy-accessible PEG-assisted solid-state process is successfully developed. The method mainly involves ball-milling and sintering processes, so it is very suitable for scale-up production. Through systematic characterization, it has been found that the morphology and the particle size (less than 100 nm) of the cubic MnO are indeed successfully controlled. The galvanostatic charge/discharge tests show that the acquired MnO sample exhibits a high initial coulombic efficiency around 72%, a good cyclic performance (the capacity retention about 90% after 50 cycles) and an improved rate capability. The electrochemical performance improvements are mainly due to the reasons as following: the smaller particles and higher specific surface area can shorten the pathway for Li⁺ and electron transport; better structure is positive for reducing irreversible capacity loss; nanostructure can partly accommodate the strains of Li ion intercalation/de-intercalation.</p>","PeriodicalId":760,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Electrochemistry","volume":"60 Based","pages":"999 - 1006"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145121467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation of Ti3C2Tx MXene/GO Composites with Enhanced Electrochemical Performance as the Electrode of Lithium-Ion Capacitors","authors":"Zijian Yuan,&nbsp;Wu Zhang,&nbsp;Jiayi Wang,&nbsp;Yuqing Liu,&nbsp;Haitao Zhao","doi":"10.1134/S1023193524601050","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1023193524601050","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Ti₃C₂T_<i>x</i> MXene has been actively studied as a promising energy storage material. In this paper, Ti₃C₂T_<i>x</i> MXene was prepared by selective removal of Al from Ti₃AlC₂ structure and then composited with graphene oxide (GO) to further improve the performance of Ti₃C₂T_<i>x</i> MXene. The as-prepared samples were characterized by using SEM and XRD techniques. SEM images of the Ti₃C₂T_<i>x</i> MXene exhibits a typical accordion-like morphology after removal of Al from Ti₃AlC₂ structure. The multiple-layered MXene were exfoliated into mono- or few-layered ones by using ultrasound assisted approach. XRD results indicate that the (002) crystal plane are left-shifted due to the surface termination and larger interlayer spaces of the samples. Electrochemical tests of the samples indicate the sample of Ti₃C₂T_<i>x</i> MXene composited with 0.5 g GO exhibits a capacity of 758 F/g at the scan rate of 10 mV/S, with the increasing of scan rate, the capacity retention rate is 58.83%, which is regarded as the optimum electrode.</p>","PeriodicalId":760,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Electrochemistry","volume":"60 Based","pages":"1153 - 1162"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145121457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Metallophilic Interactions on Physicochemical Properties of the Ion-Conducting Glass System (1 – x)(0.27Sb2Se3–0.73GeSe2)–xAg2Se","authors":"V. V. Tomaev,&nbsp;Yu. S. Tveryanovich,&nbsp;S. S. Lun’kov,&nbsp;S. A. Zaitseva","doi":"10.1134/S1023193524601505","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1023193524601505","url":null,"abstract":"<p>It is discussed how the silver selenide concentration in glasses of the chalcogenide system (1 ‒ <i>x</i>)(0.27Sb₂Se₃–0.73GeSe₂)–<i>x</i>Ag₂Se affects their plasticity, the relationship between microhardness and the glass transition temperature, and the binding energy of metal atoms in these glasses. Attention is focused on the many-fold increase in plasticity with an increase in the silver selenide content in chalcogenide glasses. These effects are associated with the formation of the metallophilic silver–silver interactions. The results of impedance measurements supplement the studies because the metallophilic interactions in chalcogenide glass can exert a strong effect on the glass transition temperature and many other important properties including the mechanism of electronic and ionic conduction.</p>","PeriodicalId":760,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Electrochemistry","volume":"60 Based","pages":"1254 - 1261"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145121465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"All-Solid-State Thin-Film Lithium-Ion Batteries: A Review","authors":"A. M. Skundin,&nbsp;T. L. Kulova","doi":"10.1134/S1023193524601359","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1023193524601359","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The principal features of all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries and similar ones with a lithium metal electrode are reviewed. The main areas of application of such batteries are considered. Solid inorganic electrolytes and electrode materials are discussed in detail. The principal manufacturers are briefly listed.</p>","PeriodicalId":760,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Electrochemistry","volume":"60 Based","pages":"1228 - 1242"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145121402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}