Russian Journal of Electrochemistry最新文献

{"title":"A Flexible Enzymatic Sensor for Glucose and Uric Acid Detection in Sweat","authors":"Mei Wang,&nbsp;Huijie Lou,&nbsp;Zhonghua You,&nbsp;Hao Zheng,&nbsp;Liying Jiang","doi":"10.1134/S1023193525600051","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1023193525600051","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study developed a high-performance, flexible electrochemical sensor for detecting glucose and uric acid in sweat. The sensor, based on a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPE), incorporates gold and Prussian blue (PB) as electron mediators. Glucose oxidase (GOx) and uric acid oxidase are then drop-cast onto the modified electrode to complete sensor fabrication. Key performance factors, including enzyme amounts and binder type, were optimized. The flexible glucose sensor showed a linear range of 0–10 µM with a maximum sensitivity of 579.06 µA/mM cm^–2, and 10–100 µM with 32.37 µA/mM cm^–2 sensitivity. The flexible uric acid sensor exhibited a linear range of 4–30 µM with a maximum sensitivity of 341.13 µA/mM cm^–2. Both sensors showed good selectivity and minimal interference from common substances like ascorbic acid, KCl, and NaCl, ensuring reliability in complex environments. In practical tests with real sweat samples, both sensors displayed stable performance, with measured glucose and uric acid concentrations closely matching theoretical values, confirming their potential for accurate detection. A smartphone app displays test results, enabling users to monitor their health without needing prior sensor knowledge.</p>","PeriodicalId":760,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Electrochemistry","volume":"61 7","pages":"309 - 321"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145196213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced CO Poisoning Resistance for HOR of PEMFC by Ni-Doped Pt-Based Catalysts","authors":"Miaomiao He,&nbsp;Zhixia Deng,&nbsp;Zehao Tan,&nbsp;Jiewei Yin,&nbsp;Qu Feng,&nbsp;Yong Feng","doi":"10.1134/S1023193524600986","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1023193524600986","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Fuel cells are efficient power generation devices that directly convert chemical energy into electrical energy through chemical reactions. Fuel cell vehicles powered by proton exchange membrane fuel cells have many advantages, such as low operating temperature, quick start-up, high energy density, high power density, and fast response to load changes. However, the performance of the catalyst in the anode reaction deteriorates sharply due to the extreme sensitivity of Pt atoms to CO in the anode reaction. CO easily occupies the reactive sites of Pt atoms, leading to a significant decrease in the catalytic performance of the anode reaction. Therefore, in this study, the impregnation reduction method is used to introduce transition metal Ni elements to modify Pt/C catalysts to enhance the CO tolerance of Pt-based catalysts. In a H₂ + 100 ppm CO atmosphere, the mass-specific activity (MA) reaches 1.307 A/mg, which is 3.48 times that of commercial Pt/C catalysts The influence of different Ni element ratios on the resistance of Pt-based catalysts to CO poisoning is analyzed, providing a new approach for developing anode catalysts with high CO tolerance.</p>","PeriodicalId":760,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Electrochemistry","volume":"61 7","pages":"333 - 343"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145196214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transport Characteristics of Perfluorinated Sulfocation-Exchange Membrane with Respect to Vanadium(IV) and (V) Cations","authors":"O. I. Istakova,&nbsp;D. O. Tolstel,&nbsp;D. V. Konev,&nbsp;M. A. Vorotyntsev","doi":"10.1134/S102319352560052X","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S102319352560052X","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Ion-exchange membrane in contact with acidic vanadium salt solution represents an object of study by many research teams in the context of its indispensable presence as an element of membrane–electrode assemblies in both all-vanadium redox flow batteries and hybrid flow power sources, which use vanadium compounds in one of the half-cells. In this work, a new method is employed for assessing transport characteristics of the Nafion211 membrane with respect to vanadium ions of high oxidation degrees, i.e., vanadyl (VO²⁺) and vanadate (<span>({text{VO}}_{2}^{ + })</span>) cations, in aqueous sulfuric-acid solutions of varying acidity. The method is based on the measuring of chronoamperograms, i.e. current transients after the applying of potential step to electrode contacting a membrane (pressed up to its surface) under conditions when the current of the vanadyl–vanadate electrochemical conversion at the electrode/membrane interface in the forward or backward direction is limited by the transport of these species from an external solution across the membrane. The short-time segments of the transients were found to be described by the Cottrell dependence (<i>I</i> ~ <i>t</i>^–0.5); both the Cottrell coefficients and the stationary currents are proportional to the reactant concentration at the membrane outer side. Measurement of chronoamperograms as well as their interpretation aimed at the calculating of both the vanadyl and vanadate cations’ diffusion coefficients inside the membrane and their distribution coefficients at the membrane/solution boundary are carried out for varied sulfuric-acid concentration (from 2.2 to 5 M) and the [VO²⁺]/[<span>({text{VO}}_{2}^{ + })</span>] external-solution concentration ratio from 0 to 1. The increase in the acid content was found to lead to the growth of the vanadyl diffusion coefficient in the membrane from 1.76 to 0.84 × 10^–11 m²/s; the vanadate diffusion coefficient falls from 1.89 to 0.8 × 10^–11 m²/s. Meanwhile, the distribution coefficients decreased for both cations: from 0.27 to 0.13 and from 0.21 to 0.12, respectively. It is concluded on the applicability of the method in the analyzing of the ion transport and the equilibrium composition of ion-exchange membranes in contact with a sulfuric-acid–oxovanadium-cation mixed solution.</p>","PeriodicalId":760,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Electrochemistry","volume":"61 7","pages":"380 - 391"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145196215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and Electrochemical Characterization of a Novel Ternary Composite, Containing xLiFeO2, yLiCoO2, and [1 – (x + y)]LiNi1/2Mn1/2O2, Composites for Cathode Material in Lithium Ion Batteries (LIBs)","authors":"Majid Monajjemi,&nbsp;Fatemeh Mollaamin,&nbsp;Samira Mohammadi","doi":"10.1134/S1023193524601220","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1023193524601220","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The objective of this research is to prepare a composite with lower cost and better cyclability than the other cathode materials in lithium ion battery. A ternary composition with high efficiency and low cost containing LiFeO₂ and LiNi_1/2Mn_1/2O₂, was applied instead of pure LiCoO₂ to reduce usage of the percentage Co amount in cathode materials of LIBs, consequently a benefit would be yielded by reducing the cost of cobalt and also by removing its toxic effect in LIBs the environment will be safe. In this study, we synthesized ten samples from mixture of <i>x</i>LiFeO₂, <i>y</i>LiCoO₂, and (1 – <i>x</i> – <i>y</i>)LiNi_1/2Mn_1/2O₂ compounds for preparing suitable cathode electrodes with high initial discharge capacity, large cyclability and inexpensive cost instead of traditional cathode materials. As a result by using Raman Analysis, X-ray diffraction, and electrochemical analyzing, we found that the LiNi_1/6Mn_1/6Fe_1/3Co_1/3O₂ composite has high efficiency and best performance in viewpoint of initial capacity, cyclability, charge capacity, and discharge capacity among these ten composites.</p>","PeriodicalId":760,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Electrochemistry","volume":"61 7","pages":"344 - 356"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145196216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal-Assisted Electrochemical Synthesis of Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles for Oxygen Evolution Reaction","authors":"M. Yamini,&nbsp;A. Ahmadi Daryakenari,&nbsp;M. Ahmadi Daryakenari,&nbsp;A. Montazeri,&nbsp;B. Mosallanejad","doi":"10.1134/S1023193524601396","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1023193524601396","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this study, the layers including Co₃O₄ nanoparticles were fabricated on the nickel foams using an electroplating method to be adopted for oxygen evolution reaction. Various times of 5, 10, and 15 minutes were considered to choose the optimal one for electrodeposition. The experiments were carried out at a temperature of 400°C under air atmosphere. The fabricated layers were electrochemically examined by means of various analyses, consisting of chronoamperometry (ChA), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV). Additionally, the layers were structurally and morphologically studied by different techniques such as field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The optimal electrodeposition time was determined as 10 min at which a layer possessing an appropriate thickness is obtained. However, at the time 20 min, electroplating led to generation of a layer showing a decrease in conductivity. Moreover, at 5 min, the fabricated layer manifested decreased active surface area in the oxygen evolution reaction. Worth mentioning that the layer electrodeposited at 10 min delivered a current density of 61.72 mA/cm² and a Tafel slope of 69 mV/dec, which were recorded at the potential of 1.65 V compared to a standard hydrogen electrode.</p>","PeriodicalId":760,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Electrochemistry","volume":"61 7","pages":"357 - 366"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145196217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Composite Solid Electrolyte Na2SO4–Al2O3","authors":"K. Sh. Rabadanov,&nbsp;M. M. Gafurov,&nbsp;A. M. Amirov,&nbsp;D. Yu. Kovalev,&nbsp;M. A. Akhmedov,&nbsp;M. G. Kakagasanov,&nbsp;M. B. Ataev,&nbsp;Z. Yu. Kubataev,&nbsp;M. V. Kadiev","doi":"10.1134/S1023193525700065","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1023193525700065","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The effect of adding nanosized γ-Al₂O₃ on the properties and structure of Na₂SO₄ is studied using differential scanning calorimetry, vibrational spectroscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and X-ray diffractometry. It is shown that the introduction of nanosized γ-Al₂O₃ to sodium sulfate considerably increases the ionic conductivity up to 8.48 × 10^–5 S/cm at 603 K. The results of X-ray diffraction and vibrational spectroscopic studies confirm the partial amorphization of the salt in the near-surface region of nanoparticles. The data obtained indicate that the sodium sulfate-based composite may be a promising ionic conductor for solid-state Na-ion batteries in the temperature range of 513–603 K.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":760,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Electrochemistry","volume":"61 7","pages":"392 - 401"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145196219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acid Ammonium Salt of 12-Phosphotungstic Acid and Calixarene Composite Solid Electrolytes for Potentiometric H2 and CO Sensors","authors":"L. V. Shmygleva,&nbsp;A. S. Ovsyannikova,&nbsp;A. V. Vinyukov,&nbsp;L. S. Leonova","doi":"10.1134/S1023193525600270","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1023193525600270","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The work is focused on the analysis the impact of the composition of a composite electrolyte comprising a disubstituted ammonium salt of phosphotungstic acid and sulfonated calixarene on the characteristics of solid-state potentiometric sensors for hydrogen and carbon monoxide, including their simultaneous detection in air. The response time of the CO sensors is shown to be independent of the composition of the composite electrolyte, with a value of approximately two minutes for 0.1 vol %. The study also observed two types of open circuit voltage, depending on the electrolyte composition. The sensors demonstrated selectivity for CO, detecting it in the H₂–CO–air atmosphere at concentrations comparable to H₂ concentrations.</p>","PeriodicalId":760,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Electrochemistry","volume":"61 7","pages":"322 - 332"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145196218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling of Electrochemical Machining of Cylindrical Surfaces Using Partially Insulated Tool Cathode","authors":"V. M. Volgin,&nbsp;I. V. Gnidina,&nbsp;T. B. Kabanova,&nbsp;V. N. Andreev,&nbsp;A. D. Davydov","doi":"10.1134/S1023193525600506","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1023193525600506","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The electrochemical machining (ECM) of the outer surface of rotating cylindrical workpiece using a cylindrical cathode with a partially insulated surface is simulated. It is shown that partial insulation of tool electrode (TE) surface enables increasing the localization of the metal dissolution on the desired area of the workpiece surface. The degree of localization increases with a decrease of the non-insulated TE part and a decrease of the minimal interelectrode gap used in ECM. Partial insulation of TE surface leads to a certain decrease in the ECM productivity; however, the edge effect at the boundary between the insulated and non-insulated parts of TE partially compensates for this drawback.</p>","PeriodicalId":760,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Electrochemistry","volume":"61 7","pages":"367 - 379"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145196220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electric Transport Properties of Solid Solution and Composite Samples in the Ba2In2O5–Ba2InNbO6 System upon Changes in the Atmospheric Humidity","authors":"E. S. Matveev,&nbsp;N. A. Kochetova,&nbsp;I. V. Alyabisheva,&nbsp;I. E. Animitsa","doi":"10.1134/S1023193525600440","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1023193525600440","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Thermal and electrical properties of solid solution and compositional samples in the Ba₂In₂O₅–Ba₂InNbO₆ quasi-binary system are investigated. The samples were shown to reversibly interact in a humid atmosphere at temperatures below 600°C with water vapor, to form proton defects. The hydration process is accompanied by a significant increase in the total electrical conductivity, due to the proton transfer contribution. Below 500°C in humid air the samples are predominantly the proton conductors. A compositional effect of proton electrical conductivity is established.</p>","PeriodicalId":760,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Electrochemistry","volume":"61 6","pages":"296 - 306"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145028143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Ion Transport Properties in Ionic-Liquid-Added Polymer Gel Electrolytes for Lithium Electrochemical Systems","authors":"N. A. Slesarenko,&nbsp;A. V. Chernyak,&nbsp;K. G. Khatmullina,&nbsp;A. V. Yudina,&nbsp;A. A. Slesarenko,&nbsp;D. A. Chernyaev,&nbsp;O. V. Yarmolenko","doi":"10.1134/S1023193525600282","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1023193525600282","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The study is focused on the competitive ionic and molecular transport characteristics of four polymer gel electrolyte compositions synthesized through the radical polymerization of polyethylene glycol diacrylate, incorporating LiBF₄, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, and various organic solvents: dioxolane, diglyme, tetraglyme, and ethylene carbonate. The aim was to identify a composition with the Li⁺ cation highest mobility. Flexible films of the polymer gel electrolytes were analyzed using differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The ionic and molecular transport features were investigated using pulsed field gradient NMR in conjunction with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The total conductivity of the systems ranged from 1.8 to 4.1 mS cm^–1 at room temperature. Despite the high ionic conductivity of the EC-containing composition, the Li⁺ cation mobility at room temperature increased in the following order: Li⁺(ethylene carbonate)₄ &lt; Li⁺(dioxolane)₄ &lt; Li⁺(tetraglyme) &lt; Li⁺(diglyme)₂. Calculation of the lithium cation hydrodynamic radius revealed that for Li⁺(ethylene carbonate)₄ and Li⁺(dioxolane)₄, the radius decreased with rising temperature; for Li⁺(diglyme)₂, remained nearly constant; for Li⁺(tetraglyme), exhibited an abnormal increase. This unusual behavior is likely due to the re-solvation of the lithium cation from the polymer matrix into tetraglyme. In the assessing of the polymer gel electrolytes compatibility with metallic lithium, the electrolyte compositions containing tetraglyme, diglyme, and ethylene carbonate are found to show promise for further research and potential application as electrolytes in lithium power sources.</p>","PeriodicalId":760,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Electrochemistry","volume":"61 6","pages":"274 - 285"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145028142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}