Aesthetic Plastic Surgery最新文献

{"title":"The Effectiveness of PELNAC^TM Combined with Physical Antibacterial Spray in Repairing Secondary Wounds of Facial Bumps: A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial.","authors":"Xiangli Wang, Yongchao Li, Ting Liu, Chan Liu, Yeda Lv, Dongxu Liu, Zhiming Yuan","doi":"10.1007/s00266-025-04882-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00266-025-04882-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to report the clinical effectiveness advantages of absorbable dressing (PELNAC^TM) combined with physical antibacterial spray dressing in repairing secondary wounds from facial bumps.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-two patients comprising 20 in the experimental and 12 in the control group, respectively, were randomly selected. They had undergone excision or extended excision of facial bumps with wounds that could not be directly sutured. In the experimental group, after mass excision, the wounds were covered with PELNAC^TM. In the control group, secondary wounds were repaired by skin grafts or skin flaps after mass excision or extended excision. The postoperative infection rate, healing rate, average healing time, scar formation, and sensory recovery were compared between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The wound infection rate in the experimental group was significantly lower than in the control group (P<0.05); the surgery time for the experimental group was shortened by 1.5 h compared to the control group (P<0.05). Four weeks after surgery, all wounds in the experimental group had healed, with a significantly higher healing rate than in the control group (P<0.05). During follow-up, the scar scores in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The combination of PELNAC^TM and physical antibacterial spray dressing in the repair of secondary wounds from facial bumps significantly reduced the incidence of wound infection, accelerated wound healing, reduced scar formation at the graft site, and minimized surgical trauma to the donor site.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence i: </strong>This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .</p>","PeriodicalId":7609,"journal":{"name":"Aesthetic Plastic Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143966338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Subpectoral Tissue Expander Applications on Thoracic Deformity: Retrospective Analytic Study on Mastectomy Patients.","authors":"Mustafa Canberk Gürbüz, Mehmet Akif Cankorur, Ceyhun Uzun, Sevtap Doğan, Atakan Şahiner, Murat Şahin Alagöz","doi":"10.1007/s00266-025-04850-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00266-025-04850-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>With the rising incidence of breast cancer, post-mastectomy breast reconstructions have become increasingly common. Early implant-based reconstructions placed implants subcutaneously, leading to complications, like flap necrosis and implant malposition. Subsequently, the sub-muscular approach gained popularity for its improved outcomes. Tissue expanders have become integral to breast reconstruction, offering a two-stage process with reduced morbidity. However, their use poses challenges, such as chest wall deformities, influenced by a range of variables (age, radiotherapy, and expander volume). This study aimed to explore these correlations.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective study obtained ethical approval and consent was given by 47 patients undergoing immediate two-stage expander-to-implant breast reconstruction between 2013 and 2023. Sterno-costal angles, total expander volume, perioperative filling, and radiotherapy (RT) were evaluated. Pre- and postoperative imaging, including CT and PET-CT scans, assessed chest wall deformities. Patients with osteoporosis, smokers, or pre-existing chest wall deformities were excluded. Standard reconstruction involved creating a sub-muscular pocket, with expanders fixed to the sixth costal periosteum.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixty-nine breast of the 47 patients (median age 44 years) were included. Postoperative RT was administered to 46 breasts. Median total expander volume was 360 mL, with an initial fill volume of 45 mL. Postoperative mastectomy wound complications affected eight breasts and were resolved with dressings. Chest wall deformity, indicated by significant postoperative sterno-costal angle changes (p < 0.001), was observed in 82.6% of breasts. No significant differences were found between right- and left-sided deformities (p = 0.47), nor were correlations noted with RT (p = 0.57), total expander volume (p = 0.271), or initial filling volume (p = 0.759).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study confirms the association between tissue expanders and chest wall deformities in breast reconstruction. Despite the absence of significant correlations with age, RT, or expander volume, the high incidence of deformities highlights the need for further investigation. Understanding these relationships is crucial for optimizing outcomes in breast reconstruction procedures involving tissue expanders.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence iii: </strong>This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .</p>","PeriodicalId":7609,"journal":{"name":"Aesthetic Plastic Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143965248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Botulinum Toxin Type A for Nostril Overexposure: A Prospective Clinical Study Using 3D Scanning.","authors":"Xiaotian Wang, Meijia Li, Yuan Tian, Xinyao Chen, Jiapeng Li, Sai Luo, Lijun Hao","doi":"10.1007/s00266-025-04792-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00266-025-04792-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nostril overexposure is a common aesthetic concern among Asian populations, which significantly affects facial harmony. Traditional surgical interventions carry risks such as substantial trauma and visible scarring. This study aims to evaluate the clinical efficacy of Botulinum Toxin Type A (BoNT-A) injections in treating nostril overexposure using three-dimensional (3D) scanning technology.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study recruited 52 patients seeking improvement for nostril overexposure. BoNT-A was injected into the nasal dilator muscles. Changes in nostril cross-sectional area and alar mobility were quantified using 3D scanning technology before treatment and at 4, 12, and 24 weeks post-treatment. Subjective improvements were evaluated by patients and one independent plastic surgery experts using the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 32 patients completed the entire 24-week follow-up period. Post-treatment 3D analysis showed a significant reduction in both nostril cross-sectional area and alar mobility. At 4 weeks post-injection, the nostril area decreased from 89.42 ± 13.21 to 72.50 ± 13.93 mm² (p < 0.05), and alar mobility decreased from 10.50 ± 3.92 to 4.64 ± 3.09% (p < 0.05). GAIS scores indicated that both patients and expert rated the improvement as significant at 4 weeks. Measurements at 24 weeks approached baseline levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>BoNT-A injections effectively and safely improve nostril overexposure with high patient satisfaction.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence iv: </strong>This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .</p>","PeriodicalId":7609,"journal":{"name":"Aesthetic Plastic Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144061939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multimodality Management of Skin Hyperpigmentation.","authors":"Amer Salman Almansory, Zainab Salem Alhamdany","doi":"10.1007/s00266-025-04866-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00266-025-04866-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Skin hyperpigmentation, caused by excessive melanin production, presents both aesthetic and psychological concerns. The Q-switched Nd:YAG laser is a key treatment modality, with effectiveness influenced by factors such as skin type, laser fluence, and treatment frequency. A multimodal approach combining laser therapy and medical treatment may enhance outcomes.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study evaluates the efficacy and safety of Q-switched Nd:YAG laser combined with medical therapy for hyperpigmentation, focusing on clinical outcomes and patient satisfaction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A randomized cross-sectional study was conducted on 300 patients in private clinics from January 2022 to September 2023. Treatment response was assessed through clinical evaluations and patient-reported satisfaction using the Likert scale. The impact of factors such as gender, sun exposure, pregnancy, and hormonal influences was analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The majority of participants were female (92.6%). Clinical evaluation and patient satisfaction improved significantly over successive sessions, with \"Good\" satisfaction ratings increasing from 80.6% initially to 98.3% at study completion. Male patients demonstrated a stronger response to treatment than females. No significant impact of the studied factors on outcomes was identified.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A comprehensive assessment of hyperpigmentation is crucial for optimal treatment selection. A multimodal approach combining Q-switched Nd:YAG laser and medical therapy yields superior results compared to single-modality treatments, with outcomes improving progressively across sessions.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence iii: </strong>This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors   www.springer.com/00266 .</p>","PeriodicalId":7609,"journal":{"name":"Aesthetic Plastic Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143970499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative and Aesthetic Analysis of Changes of the Distance Between the Eyebrows and the Eyes after \"Width Reduced to Narrow\" Double Eyelid Repair Surgery.","authors":"Qiao-Qiao, Ya-Yun Zhuang, Ya-Nan Gao, Tao-Fang","doi":"10.1007/s00266-025-04841-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00266-025-04841-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Some patients will experience a change in the distance between the eyebrows and the eyes after \"width reduced to narrow\" double eyelid repair surgery. The objective of this study was to provide a quantitative analysis of the change in the distance between the eyebrows and the eyes of Asian women after \"width reduced to narrow\" double eyelid repair surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Seventy-three patients who received \"width reduced to narrow\" double eyelid repair surgery from August 2021 to May 2024 were included for measurement and analysis of photographs taken preoperatively and postoperatively (more than 6 months after the surgical operation), and the perpendicular distance between the eyebrow down and the horizontal line of the pupil midpoint in the vertical line of the midpoint of the cornea (PTW) and margin reflex distance 1 (MRD1) were measured to analyze the change in the distance between the eyebrow and the eye before and after the surgery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 73 patients were included, including 54 females (73.97%) and 19 males (26.03%). Compared with the preoperative period, the mean PTW was reduced in both the left and right eyes after surgery, and the difference was statistically significant in the preoperative and postoperative comparisons (P < 0.05). The mean PTW of the left eye was 23.68 ± 1.42 mm postoperatively, which showed a significant reduction from the preoperative distance of 24.4 ± 1.39 mm, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The mean PTW of the right eye was 23.34 ± 1.26 mm postoperatively, which showed a significant reduction from the preoperative distance of 24.22 ± 1.47 mm, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). There were 24 cases of PTW increased (32.88%) and 49 cases of PTW reduced (67.12%) in the left eye, while there were 20 cases of PTW increased (27.40%) and 53 cases of PTW reduced (72.60%) in the right eye. As compared with the preoperative period, the MRD1 values of the left and right eyes were increased in the postoperative period, and the comparison differences between the preoperative and postoperative periods were statistically significant (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The \"width reduced to narrow\" double eyelid surgery will change the muscle tension and contraction of the eyebrow-eyelid complex, so that the eyebrow will be stretched and the distance between the eyebrows and the eyes will be changed. Herein, the majority of patients had a narrowing of the distance between the eyebrows and the eyes, and a small percentage of patients had an increased or unchanged distance.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence iv: </strong>This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .</p>","PeriodicalId":7609,"journal":{"name":"Aesthetic Plastic Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143962643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Along the Spectrum from Reduction to Mastectomy: Comparing the Opinions of an Online Transmasculine and Gender-Diverse Community on an Algorithmic Approach to Gender-Affirming Top Surgery.","authors":"Benjamin Rahmani, John B Park, Oluwaseun D Adebagbo, Tricia Mae Raquepo, Micaela J Tobin, James E Fanning, Shreyas Puducheri, Stephanie Preston, Ryan P Cauley","doi":"10.1007/s00266-025-04884-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00266-025-04884-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gender-diverse patients often have unique preferences for top surgery that differ from those of binary transgender men. Yet, discussions around tailored surgical options remain limited. Social media platforms provide insights into the preferences of gender-diverse individuals who frequently turn to digital spaces for information and support. This study sought to explore the diverse needs of gender-diverse respondents and gather their feedback on a pictorial algorithm designed to assist with preoperative surgical decision-making.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional survey was distributed on Reddit to individuals considering or having undergone masculinizing top surgery. The survey collected data on aesthetic preferences, comfort with surgical options, surgeon communication, and the need for non-standard surgical choices. A pictorial algorithm was used to evaluate its utility in enhancing preoperative discussions. Data were analyzed for demographic differences and preferences across transgender male, non-binary, and other gender-diverse (OGD) groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 799 respondents, 639 met the inclusion criteria. Non-binary and OGD respondents were older (p<0.0001) and had higher education levels (p<0.0001). These groups showed a higher preference for \"non-standard\" chest reconstruction (p=0.02), were less likely to want nipple-areola complex (NAC) reconstruction, and reported more frequent interactions where they educated their surgeons on options (p<0.0001) and greater comfort in these discussions (p=0.0002).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights the diverse preferences and needs of gender-diverse individuals seeking masculinizing top surgery. It underscores the importance of personalized care, with a structured communication tool and algorithm aiding better patient-provider alignment for more tailored surgical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence iv: </strong>This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors   www.springer.com/00266 .</p>","PeriodicalId":7609,"journal":{"name":"Aesthetic Plastic Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143957877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk Factors for Scar Formation After Thyroidectomy and Advances in its Prevention and Treatment.","authors":"Shiyu Zhong, Ying Xiang, Hang Xie, JiaYi Xiao","doi":"10.1007/s00266-025-04883-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00266-025-04883-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An open thyroidectomy typically results in a \"suicide\" wound in the neck measuring approximately 4 to 6 cm in length. In the event that this wound develops into a hypertrophic scar, it can lead to significant psychological and quality-of-life challenges for the patient. The formation of proliferative scarring in surgical incisions is influenced by a multitude of risk factors, which can be broadly classified into intrinsic and extrinsic categories. Contemporary scar prevention and control strategies encompass a range of modalities, including postoperative rehabilitation physiotherapy, topical dressings, drug injections, laser therapy, combined therapy, and emerging therapeutic approaches. Among these, combined therapy has demonstrated superior efficacy in scar prevention and control. The objective of this article is to present a concise overview of the risk factors and interventions associated with proliferative scar formation following thyroid surgery. This is with a view to informing future research on the prevention of incisional scarring in thyroid surgery. Level of Evidence V This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .</p>","PeriodicalId":7609,"journal":{"name":"Aesthetic Plastic Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143965024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Propofol Dexmedetomidine Total Intravenous Anesthesia with Tumescent Anesthesia in Aesthetic surgery.","authors":"James Roy Kanjoor, Reuben Fernando De Sousa, Sangeetha Subramaniam","doi":"10.1007/s00266-025-04867-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00266-025-04867-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) is commonly performed in ambulatory aesthetic surgery centers. The authors compared combination of TIVA and tumescent anesthesia for safety and efficacy in prolonged and successive multiple aesthetic procedures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective review of patients who underwent aesthetic surgery procedures under TIVA from 2016 through 2024 at the authors' aesthetic surgery center was conducted. Patients were included if they fulfilled ASA 1 or 2 staging, BMI < 45 and were of age between 12 and 80 years. Perioperative drug dosages, time under anesthesia and patient vitals were recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 307 patients assessed, 301 completed surgery under TIVA and 6 were converted to GA. No major morbidity was recorded and all 307 cases were discharged from Anesthesia Recovery at 6 hours post-surgery. Average duration of anesthesia time was highest for lipoabdominoplasty (278 min, range 170-360 min). Average dose of tumescent anesthesia was highest in excisional body contouring (2967 ml). No surgical morbidity, e.g., skin necrosis, hematoma and blood transfusion, was reported. No anesthetic morbidity, e.g., deep vein thrombosis, fat embolism and lignocaine toxicity, was reported. Mean arterial pressure and SpO2 were maintained in safe normal range (70-100 mm Hg and > 95%, respectively) up to 6 hours postoperative. Aldrete score for postoperative recovery was > =9 at 10 min for 80% cases (n= 245).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The analysis of 307 total intravenous anesthesia with tumescent anesthesia cases demonstrated the overall safety and efficacy of the propofol-dexmedetomidine protocol under deep sedation. The study underscores the importance of complete preoperative assessments, vigilant anesthetist-guided drug infusions and monitoring for complications.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence iii: </strong>This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .</p>","PeriodicalId":7609,"journal":{"name":"Aesthetic Plastic Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143966198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Analysis and Latest Research Hot Spots of Lipoedema/Lipodystrophy Investigation and Management: A Bibliometric Analysis and Visualized Review.","authors":"Ammar Alsayegh, Ziyad Alsuwilem, Abdullah Alsalem, Abdullah Alanzan, Rasha Alashjaee, Maryam Almuslem, Obai Raffah, Rahaf Almutairi, Khalid Arab","doi":"10.1007/s00266-025-04855-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00266-025-04855-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lipodystrophy presents clinical management challenges due to its varied expression and low incidence. Despite the clinical importance, there has been no systematic evaluation of the research output in terms of geographical distribution, institutional contributions, or emerging trends. This study aims to fill that gap by conducting a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of the global research landscape on lipodystrophy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Utilizing the Web of Science core collection, studies from 2010 to 2024 were analyzed. Bibliometric indicators were processed using VOSviewer to identify trends through graphical co-occurrence mapping.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 826 studies from 57 countries were included. The USA led with 259 publications (30.51%). The most productive institutions were the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases with 43 publications (14.98%). Among 166 journals, the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism had the highest publications (43, 25.90%) and citations per publication (58). The most co-cited article was The Diagnosis and Management of Lipodystrophy Syndromes (2016), which was referenced 290 times.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This analysis highlights research trends and collaborative networks, areas for future investigation, and identifies the gaps and emerging trends that will inform future research directions.</p><p><strong>No level assigned: </strong>This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each submission to which Evidence-Based Medicine rankings are applicable. This excludes Review Articles, Book Reviews, and manuscripts that concern Basic Science, Animal Studies, Cadaver Studies, and Experimental Studies. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .</p>","PeriodicalId":7609,"journal":{"name":"Aesthetic Plastic Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143958768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patterns of Skin Ischemia After Nasolabial Fold Filler Injection.","authors":"Zhifeng Liao, Li Tang, Liyao Cong, Zhongsheng Sun, Haibin Wang, Shengkang Luo","doi":"10.1007/s00266-025-04873-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00266-025-04873-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Skin ischemia is a severe complication of nasolabial fold (NLF) hyaluronic acid filler injections. The specific patterns, distribution, and extent of skin necrosis remain poorly understood. The aim of this study is to provide new insights into skin necrosis following NLF injections by analyzing clinical cases and facial anatomy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective review of patients with skin ischemia after NLF injections was conducted. Computed tomography angiography and anatomical dissections were performed on cadavers to study the facial artery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twelve patients with skin ischemia were identified. Three patterns of skin ischemia were observed: Pattern I, NLF+Nose pattern (75%): Skin ischemia affects the nasolabial fold and the entire nose, with the alar, nasal tip, and dorsum being the most affected subunits. Pattern II, NLF+partial nose pattern (16.7%): Skin ischemia involves the nasolabial fold and the lower two-thirds of the nose, primarily affecting the nasal tip and alar, without extending beyond the rhinion. Pattern III, NLF+infraorbital area pattern (8.3%): Skin ischemia is observed in the nasolabial fold and infraorbital region, which may be attributed to the presence of a detoured facial artery. Anatomical studies revealed the course and branches of the facial artery, explaining the distribution of skin ischemia. The skin ischemia may be associated with the perforators of the superficial fat compartments.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Skin ischemia following NLF injections can manifest in three distinct patterns, involving various facial regions. Understanding the anatomy of the facial artery and its branches is crucial for preventing and managing this complication.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence v: </strong>This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .</p>","PeriodicalId":7609,"journal":{"name":"Aesthetic Plastic Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143962071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}