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[Effects of isolated and combined effects of a constant magnetic field and antiorthostatic hypokinesia on central hemodynamics in rats]. [恒定磁场和抗直立性运动减退对大鼠中枢血流动力学的单独和联合作用]。
Kosmicheskaia biologiia i aviakosmicheskaia meditsina Pub Date : 1991-09-01
R T Kazakova, A M Badakva
{"title":"[Effects of isolated and combined effects of a constant magnetic field and antiorthostatic hypokinesia on central hemodynamics in rats].","authors":"R T Kazakova,&nbsp;A M Badakva","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effect of a constant magnetic field on central circulation of rats was investigated during their exposure to antiorthostatic hypokinesia. Circulation parameters were measured by impedance rheoplethysmography. It was found that 3-hour exposure to a 0.4 T magnetic field did not produce a significant effect on central circulation, whereas exposure to hypokinesia caused substantial changes which included decreases of heart rate, stroke volume and cardiac output. During a combined exposure to a constant magnetic field and antiorthostatic hypokinesia, the magnetic field exerted a beneficial effect on central circulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":76078,"journal":{"name":"Kosmicheskaia biologiia i aviakosmicheskaia meditsina","volume":"25 5","pages":"48-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19556568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Glycemia as a risk factor of reduced tolerance of hypoxic hypoxia in flight personnel]. [血糖是飞行人员缺氧耐受性降低的危险因素]。
Kosmicheskaia biologiia i aviakosmicheskaia meditsina Pub Date : 1991-09-01
A P Ivanchikov, V N Denisov, V M Merkulov, T L Kuraeva
{"title":"[Glycemia as a risk factor of reduced tolerance of hypoxic hypoxia in flight personnel].","authors":"A P Ivanchikov,&nbsp;V N Denisov,&nbsp;V M Merkulov,&nbsp;T L Kuraeva","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The glycemic level was measured in 61 people exposed to hypoxic hypoxia. Three major types of glycemic responses were identified: type I--no change (15.79%); type II--hypoglycemia (49.12%), and type III--hyperglycemia (35.09%). The subjects with a low resistance to hypoxic hypoxia typically showed a low glycemic level (57.5 +/- 2.5 mg%. P < 0.05). It is suggested that three types of glycemic responses to hypoxia reflect three major pathways of biochemical adaptation of the body. It is recommended to study hormonal changes in people with hyperglycemic responses to hypoxia. This will help determine hormonal levels responsible for hyperglycemia and, consequently, develop methods of early detection of susceptibility to cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus. This approach may contribute to medical expertise and rehabilitation of the flying personnel.</p>","PeriodicalId":76078,"journal":{"name":"Kosmicheskaia biologiia i aviakosmicheskaia meditsina","volume":"25 5","pages":"10-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19557212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Changes in the structure of erythrocyte membrane and Na+. K+-ATPase activity in participants of the Soviet-Canadian trans-Arctic ski pass]. 红细胞膜结构和Na+的变化。苏联-加拿大跨北极滑雪通行证参与者的K+- atp酶活性。
Kosmicheskaia biologiia i aviakosmicheskaia meditsina Pub Date : 1991-09-01
L E Panin, V G Kunitsyn, M F Nekrasova
{"title":"[Changes in the structure of erythrocyte membrane and Na+. K+-ATPase activity in participants of the Soviet-Canadian trans-Arctic ski pass].","authors":"L E Panin,&nbsp;V G Kunitsyn,&nbsp;M F Nekrasova","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Changes in the structure of erythrocyte membranes and kinetics of the membrane-bound enzyme Na+, K(+)-ATPase were measured in members of the Canadian-Soviet transarctic ski pass that took place in March-May 1988. Hemoglobin content decreased at the Pole (by 22%) and partially recovered in Canada; phospholipids in erythrocyte membranes diminished at the Pole and in Canada (by 30%). During the pass water concentrations in membrane proteins and phospholipids increased significantly. Changes were found in rheological properties of membranes, e.g., viscosity of erythrocyte shadow suspensions at critical temperature (Tc) which is within the physiological range (36-38 degrees C) and viscosity in the temperature range 34-42 degrees C. Electric conductivity varied as a function of temperature (delta sigma(T)]. At 36-38 degrees C sigma showed abnormal variations. The integral intensity of IR-spectra of absorption bands of COp (peptide bonds) and P-O-C (phospholipids) decreased and the half-width of the COp absorption band increased during the pass. The activity of Na+, K(+)-ATPase of erythrocyte shadows diminished which was in correlation with membrane structure changes. The temperature optimum of Na(+)-, K(+)-ATPase occurred at 37-38 degrees C and coincided with the region of the structural phase transition detected by the authors.</p>","PeriodicalId":76078,"journal":{"name":"Kosmicheskaia biologiia i aviakosmicheskaia meditsina","volume":"25 5","pages":"12-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19557213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[The effect of weightlessness on fracture healing of rats flown on the biosatellite Cosmos-2044]. [失重对宇宙-2044生物卫星飞行大鼠骨折愈合的影响]。
Kosmicheskaia biologiia i aviakosmicheskaia meditsina Pub Date : 1991-09-01
G N Durnova, T E Burkovskaia, E V Vorotnikova, A S Kaplanskiĭ, O V Arustamov
{"title":"[The effect of weightlessness on fracture healing of rats flown on the biosatellite Cosmos-2044].","authors":"G N Durnova,&nbsp;T E Burkovskaia,&nbsp;E V Vorotnikova,&nbsp;A S Kaplanskiĭ,&nbsp;O V Arustamov","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Two days before launch of the biosatellite Cosmos-2044 five rats were exposed to surgical intervention: their fibulas were cut bilaterally. The purpose was to study the effect of microgravity on bone fracture healing. Histologically and histomorphometrically it was demonstrated that healing was inhibited; as a result, bone callus was poorly developed and bone fragment consolidation was inadequate. An increase in the relative volume of osteoid and a simultaneous decrease in the number and activity of osteoblasts point to mineral disorders of newly formed bone in microgravity. Study of untreated tibia showed that exposure to microgravity led to osteoporosis of proximal metaphyses. This osteoporosis was produced by inhibited neoformation and enhanced resorption of bone. Comparative analysis of injured fibula and untreated tibia of rats exposed to real microgravity for 14 days or tail suspended demonstrated similarity of changes. This indicates that tail suspension can be viewed as an adequate simulation of microgravity with respect to changes in hindlimb bones.</p>","PeriodicalId":76078,"journal":{"name":"Kosmicheskaia biologiia i aviakosmicheskaia meditsina","volume":"25 5","pages":"29-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19557219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Value of several hormone indicators and cyclic nucleotides in the assessment and prognosis of resistance to acute hypoxia during operator activities]. [几种激素指标和环核苷酸在操作者活动中急性缺氧抵抗的评估和预后中的价值]。
Kosmicheskaia biologiia i aviakosmicheskaia meditsina Pub Date : 1991-09-01
I P Bobrovnitskiĭ, T V Petrova, I P Iakovleva, S V Kalinkin
{"title":"[Value of several hormone indicators and cyclic nucleotides in the assessment and prognosis of resistance to acute hypoxia during operator activities].","authors":"I P Bobrovnitskiĭ,&nbsp;T V Petrova,&nbsp;I P Iakovleva,&nbsp;S V Kalinkin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A study was performed in which 16 healthy volunteers, aged 25-40 years, worked in a two-dimensional tracking simulator and breathed a mixture containing 9-12% oxygen. This led to a higher incretion of cortisol, insulin, somatotropin, a greater renal excretion of epinephrine, norepinephrine, and a higher content of cAMP in lymphocytes, plasma and urine. The subjects with a higher insulin in plasma and renal excretion of catecholamines showed a longer time of tolerance to the above exposure which varied from 50 to 120 min. The high tolerance was combined with a greater activity of the sympathoadrenal system, incretion of cortisol and cAMP in lymphocytes. A significant correlation was demonstrated between cAMP in the above environments both before and after exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":76078,"journal":{"name":"Kosmicheskaia biologiia i aviakosmicheskaia meditsina","volume":"25 5","pages":"43-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19557220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Functional state of the CNS in the early period of the development of radiation injury caused by helium ion irradiation]. [氦离子辐照致辐射损伤发展初期中枢神经系统功能状态]。
Kosmicheskaia biologiia i aviakosmicheskaia meditsina Pub Date : 1991-09-01
N Ia Savchenko
{"title":"[Functional state of the CNS in the early period of the development of radiation injury caused by helium ion irradiation].","authors":"N Ia Savchenko","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76078,"journal":{"name":"Kosmicheskaia biologiia i aviakosmicheskaia meditsina","volume":"25 5","pages":"46-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19556566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Several indicators of protein and nucleic acid metabolism in lymphoid organs of rats exposed to hypokinesia and vitamin B1 deficiency]. [运动不足和维生素B1缺乏大鼠淋巴器官蛋白质和核酸代谢的几个指标]。
Kosmicheskaia biologiia i aviakosmicheskaia meditsina Pub Date : 1991-09-01
L N Dvorianinovich, V V Klimovich
{"title":"[Several indicators of protein and nucleic acid metabolism in lymphoid organs of rats exposed to hypokinesia and vitamin B1 deficiency].","authors":"L N Dvorianinovich,&nbsp;V V Klimovich","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>RNA, DNA, total protein, transketolase (TK), alanine aminotransferase (AlAT), aspartate aminotransferase (AsAT), methionyl-tRNA (met-tRNA)- and cysteinyl-tRNA (cys-tRNA)-synthetases in the thymus and spleen of 46 intact rats exposed to hypokinesia and vitamin B1 deficiency were measured. It was found that 15-day hypokinesia induced a significant decrease of the thymus and spleen weight and an increase of AlAT in the thymus. Vitamin B1 deficiency (hydroxy thiamine in drinking water at a dose of 2 mg/kg body weight for 15 days) led to a substantial decrease of TK in blood, AlAT and AsAT in the spleen; it diminished AsAT and increased AlAT in the thymus. Combined exposure to hypokinesia and vitamin B1 deficiency caused a more marked decrease of the weight of lymph organs, a significant loss of body weight, an increase of DNA in the thymus and spleen, and an increase of TK, met-tRNA-synthetase and AlAT in the thymus. These results suggest that vitamin B1 deficiency aggravates disorders in protein and nucleic acid metabolism in the lymph organs of hypokinetic animals.</p>","PeriodicalId":76078,"journal":{"name":"Kosmicheskaia biologiia i aviakosmicheskaia meditsina","volume":"25 5","pages":"41-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19556569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Specific features of humoral immunity and nonspecific resistance in pilots]. [飞行员体液免疫和非特异性抵抗的特异性特征]。
Kosmicheskaia biologiia i aviakosmicheskaia meditsina Pub Date : 1991-09-01
A A Bochenkov, V S Smirnov, V V Goranchuk
{"title":"[Specific features of humoral immunity and nonspecific resistance in pilots].","authors":"A A Bochenkov,&nbsp;V S Smirnov,&nbsp;V V Goranchuk","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Immune responses of the flying personnel to adverse flight effects were investigated. Altogether 134 pilots in the age of 22 to 42 years were examined. A significant decline of IgA, IgM, IgG, C3, alpha-antitrypsin, and R-proteins was found. Correlation analysis of over 100 anthropometric, psychophysiological, immune parameters as well as questionnaire data helped identify correlates and develop mathematical models which included IgA and IgM as parameters. Analysis shows that there is a relationship between personality features and humoral immunity of pilots: emotional strain increases, emotional stability decreases while immunoglobulins decline. In response to flight effects, changes in physiological functions, personality features, humoral immunity, and nonspecific resistance were interrelated.</p>","PeriodicalId":76078,"journal":{"name":"Kosmicheskaia biologiia i aviakosmicheskaia meditsina","volume":"25 5","pages":"8-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19557724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Effects of an impulse electromagnetic field on calcium ion accumulation in the sarcoplasmic reticulum of the rat myocardium]. [脉冲电磁场对大鼠心肌肌浆网钙离子积累的影响]。
Kosmicheskaia biologiia i aviakosmicheskaia meditsina Pub Date : 1991-09-01
V A Loginov, N V Gorbatenkova, V Ia Klimovitskiĭ
{"title":"[Effects of an impulse electromagnetic field on calcium ion accumulation in the sarcoplasmic reticulum of the rat myocardium].","authors":"V A Loginov,&nbsp;N V Gorbatenkova,&nbsp;V Ia Klimovitskiĭ","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>By means of an ion-selective electrode, the effect of an impulse electromagnetic field with a 1 ms impulse, 10 Hz frequency, and 1-10 mT magnetic induction on calcium transport was investigated in the presence of potassium oxalate by rat heart homogenates. Prolonged exposure (100 min) to the field produced 70% inhibition of Ca2+ transfer across the sarcoplasmic reticulum. This effect is associated with direct inhibition of Ca(2+)-ATPase.</p>","PeriodicalId":76078,"journal":{"name":"Kosmicheskaia biologiia i aviakosmicheskaia meditsina","volume":"25 5","pages":"51-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19556572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Effects of different pathologies of the cupula-endolymphatic system of the vestibular apparatus on its dynamic characteristics]. [前庭器官丘内淋巴系统不同病理形态对其动力学特性的影响]。
Kosmicheskaia biologiia i aviakosmicheskaia meditsina Pub Date : 1991-09-01
V M Gusev, I V Orlov
{"title":"[Effects of different pathologies of the cupula-endolymphatic system of the vestibular apparatus on its dynamic characteristics].","authors":"V M Gusev,&nbsp;I V Orlov","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76078,"journal":{"name":"Kosmicheskaia biologiia i aviakosmicheskaia meditsina","volume":"25 5","pages":"17-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19557215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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