American Journal of Otolaryngology最新文献

{"title":"Minor salivary gland tumors: A retrospective review of cases in a single centre of south Italy","authors":"Ida Barca ,&nbsp;Francesco Ferragina ,&nbsp;Samuel Staglianò ,&nbsp;Giuseppe Tarallo ,&nbsp;Angelo Ruggero Sottile ,&nbsp;Maria Grazia Ioppolo ,&nbsp;Marco Frasca ,&nbsp;Maria Giulia Cristofaro","doi":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2025.104650","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2025.104650","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Tumors of the minor salivary glands (TMSGs) are rare with heterogeneous behavior despite their low frequency. This study aimed to investigate their distribution characteristics in a single centre of south Italy during the last 10 years and to compare them with similar studies done elsewhere.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>A retrospective study of TMSGs was performed in 110 patients. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25, Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to find the survival and the outcome hazard ratio was calculated for each variable using Cox regression.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>110 patients with TMSGs (55 female ad 55 male, median age 61 years) was examined, including 34 benign and 76 malignant lesions. The palate was the most commonly affected site (41.81 %) in both benign and malignant tumors and the most frequent histological type was respectively pleomorphic adenoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma. Overall survival at 5 years was estimated at 92 %, with statistically significant values for histological high risk and pathological TNM (<em>p</em> value 0.048 and 0.032). Recurrence free survival at 5 years is equal to 82 %.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>TMSGs have good overall survival despite recurrences. The most significant predictors of outcome are pathological stage and histological risk group.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7591,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"46 4","pages":"Article 104650"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143898699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interrupt a vicious cycle to Cure refractory chronic cough","authors":"Miles Weinberger ,&nbsp;Ran D. Anbar ,&nbsp;Dennis Buettner","doi":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2025.104627","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2025.104627","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7591,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"46 4","pages":"Article 104627"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143892167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence and prognosis of otitis media with effusion in COVID-19 patients a comparative case-control analysis","authors":"Qian Yu ,&nbsp;Yuedong Zhang ,&nbsp;Huina Lu ,&nbsp;Yanli Zhao ,&nbsp;Xin Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2025.104649","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2025.104649","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate the association between SARS-CoV-2 and secretory otitis media (OME), evaluating the presence of the virus in middle ear fluid (MEF) and its impact on OME incidence and patient outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A case-control study was conducted with COVID-19 patients (<em>n</em> = 86) and control subjects (<em>n</em> = 20). OME incidence was compared across three time periods. Recovery rates, recurrence rates, catheterization rates, Eustachian Tube Dysfunction Questionnaire-7 (ETDQ-7) scores, as well as audiometry results were analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The detection of SARS-CoV-2 in MEF samples showed a similar duration compared to nasal swabs (28.65 ± 8.99 vs 27.18 ± 7.99 days). There was a significant increase in OME incidence following COVID-19 infection, particularly during the '22-'23 period (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). No significant differences were observed in terms of recovery rates, recurrence rates or catheterization rates among groups (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). ETDQ-7 scores remained unchanged after treatment intervention (P &gt; 0.05). Statistically significant differences were found for air conduction threshold and air-bone gap measurements (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The presence of SARS-CoV-2 in MEF is associated with an elevated risk of developing OME but has minimal impact on the prognosis of this condition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7591,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"46 4","pages":"Article 104649"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143898698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gelatin versus chitosan as packing materials in endoscopic myringoplasty for chronic suppurative otitis media","authors":"Vanessa Hui En Chen ,&nbsp;Linette Shu Hwei Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2025.104654","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2025.104654","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>There is a lack of literature studying the impact of various middle ear packing materials on the outcomes of myringoplasty. Absorbable gelatin sponge is commonly used, though it has been reported to induce middle ear fibrosis or adhesions. Chitosan-based sponge has useful properties including hemostasis, anti-adhesion and antimicrobial activity, potentially making it useful for supporting the graft in myringoplasty. This study compares graft success when chitosan and gelatin are used as packing materials for endoscopic myringoplasty.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An audit was performed of all patients who underwent endoscopic myringoplasty for chronic suppurative otitis media under the Otolaryngology department of Ng Teng Fong General Hospital between June 2021 and March 2024. Patients were followed up at least 3 months after surgery. Graft success was defined as the presence of an intact graft without perforation at the end of 3 months.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>91 patients were analyzed. Gelatin and chitosan were used in 40 and 51 patients respectively. The overall graft success rate of the 91 cases was 79.1 %(<em>n</em> = 72). Tragal perichondrium was most commonly used(46.1 %, <em>n</em> = 42/91), with a success rate of 80.9 %(<em>n</em> = 34/42). The differences in graft success rates among the various graft types and across perforation sizes were not statistically significant.(<em>p</em> = 0.129 and <em>p</em> = 0.399 respectively) There was no significant difference in the success rate between the chitosan group(80.4 %, <em>n</em> = 41/51) and the gelatin group(77.5 %, <em>n</em> = 31/40).(<em>p</em> = 0.736).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Chitosan-based packing affords at least equivalent success when compared to gelatin-based packing for endoscopic myringoplasty. It should be considered as a competitive alternative given its other benefits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7591,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"46 4","pages":"Article 104654"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143898702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy for allergic rhinitis and atopic cough: 5-year real-world surveillance","authors":"Jinming Qiu,&nbsp;Bingquan Jian,&nbsp;Xiaoqian Xin,&nbsp;Guopeng Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2025.104624","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2025.104624","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Atopic cough (AC) is a prevalent allergic condition, frequently observed in children with allergic rhinitis (AR) seeking treatment at our clinical department. Hence, the primary objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness and safety of house dust mite (HDM)-sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) in managing AC, offering a novel therapeutic strategy for its treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>This retrospective study enrolled 103 children diagnosed with AR and AC. Among them, 55 children underwent a 3-year course of SLIT (SLIT group), while 48 children received only symptomatic drug therapy (control group). Treatment initiation for both groups was in 2019, with annual on-site follow-up visits conducted until 2024 to evaluate treatment efficacy and safety. The comparison of efficacy evaluation indicators between the SLIT group and the control group encompassed the total nasal symptoms score (TNSS), daytime cough symptom score (daytime CSS), nighttime cough symptom score (nighttime CSS), cough evaluation test (CET) score, the total medication score (TMS), and visual analogue scale (VAS) score. Furthermore, the long-term efficacy of a 3-year SLIT treatment was evaluated. Safety was assessed based on adverse events (AEs).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>All efficacy indicators exhibited no significant differences at baseline (all <em>p</em> &gt; 0.05). The TNSS in the SLIT group demonstrated a significant reduction compared to baseline across the study period (2019–2024) (all <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). In contrast, the decrease in TNSS in the control group was less pronounced than in the SLIT group, with a noticeable rebound in 2024. Regarding AC assessment, the daytime/nighttime CSS in the SLIT group remained consistently lower both during the SLIT treatment phase and post-SLIT discontinuation, while the control group displayed a rebounding trend, albeit without statistical significance (<em>p</em> &gt; 0.05). Furthermore, CET score in the SLIT group remained consistently low from the initiation of SLIT treatment until 2024, whereas the control group experienced a significant rebound (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), indicating deteriorating cough symptoms. In the comprehensive evaluation of treatment efficacy, a significant decrease in TMS and VAS score was observed in the SLIT group throughout the study duration (all <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), whereas the control group exhibited varying degrees of rebound in TMS and VAS score in 2023 and 2024.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Compared to treatment with symptomatic medication alone, a 3-year course of HDM-SLIT exhibited superior efficacy in managing AC, both during the treatment period and following treatment discontinuation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7591,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"46 4","pages":"Article 104624"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143887384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postnasal drip syndrome: A new definition and successful oral gargling treatment","authors":"Yeon-Hee Joo ,&nbsp;Hyun Jung Kim ,&nbsp;Yung-Jin Jeon ,&nbsp;Sang-Wook Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2025.104617","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2025.104617","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Many patients visit the rhinology clinic with complaints of postnasal drip (PND), a condition initially termed postnasal drip syndrome (PNDS) but today is known as upper airway cough syndrome (UACS). However, some patients complain only of discomfort caused by PND without cough and exhibit no definite endoscopic evidence of nasal secretions or PND. We investigated the correlation between endoscopic findings and symptoms and evaluate the effectiveness of oral gargling for PND patients without cough.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of PND patients who underwent oral gargling. Patients with PND as their only nasal symptom were included. Oral gargling was prescribed for all patients. Objective endoscopic examinations were also conducted. Discomfort caused by PND was assessed using questionnaires, specifically the Sino-Nasal Outcome Test22 (SNOT-22) score and the scores on the post-nasal drip symptom sheet (PNDSS).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Oral gargling with normal saline for 12 weeks led to significant improvements in PNDS patients. The mean SNOT-22 score and the PNDSS score decreased significantly. However, no correlation was found between the endoscopic findings and either the SNOT-22 or PNDSS score. No severe complications were reported.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Oral gargling may be a safe and potentially effective treatment for PNDS. It could help dilute and remove mucus from the nasopharynx and oropharynx. We propose a new definition for PNDS: a sensation of PND without cough in the absence of any sinonasal disease, irrespective of endoscopic findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7591,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"46 4","pages":"Article 104617"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143912558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of brain and neurophysiologic function in isolated congenital anosmia","authors":"Jia Liu ,&nbsp;Xing Gao ,&nbsp;Xiaojun Zhan ,&nbsp;Yingxia Lu ,&nbsp;Linyin Yao ,&nbsp;Xiaoli Yi ,&nbsp;Qinglong Gu","doi":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2025.104664","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2025.104664","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Isolated congenital anosmia (ICA) is a relatively rare condition characterized by a complete lack of olfactory perception dating from birth or early childhood. Congenital deficits in sensory systems appear to have distinct effects on brain function and nervous system pathway, but little is known about ICA. The study aims to explore the neural basis of ICA through measuring brain activation in response to olfactory stimuli and cerebral processing in patients with ICA.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Retrospective review of medical records of 11 ICA patients from two smell and taste centers. All patients who were diagnosed ICA thorough interview and medical investigation. We used olfactory pathway magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to evaluate the structural change of olfactory system, and functional MRI (fMRI) to observe the brain's response to pleasant and unpleasant olfactory stimuli (phenethyl alcohol and isovaleric acid) in 11 patients with ICA and 11 age- and sex-matched controls. Additionally, we measured EEG signals using olfactory and trigeminal event-related potentials (oERP and tERP) in response to phenethyl alcohol and CO₂ stimuli, respectively. The Sniffin' Sticks test was used to evaluate the participants' subjective olfactory function.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>ICA patients showed the smaller olfactory bulb and shallower olfactory sulcus than controls. Healthy subjects showed brain activity in multiple regions associated with olfactory processing. Subjects with ICA exhibited reduced or no activation in the olfactory cortex, which is responsible for olfactory processing. Nevertheless, these subjects had activation outside the olfactory cortex, indicating functional compensation. In the case of ICA, oERP was missing in all patients while it was present in all control subjects. tERP was detected in 8 patients with anosmia, and these patients displayed higher amplitude signals in the N₁ and P₂ waves than the controls (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Congenital anosmia patients exhibit functional inactivation in the olfactory cortex and neurophysiologic deficits throughout the olfactory pathway. Our findings support the concept of distinct central nervous system abnormalities in ICA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7591,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"46 4","pages":"Article 104664"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143917421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intratympanic steroid injection for treating sudden sensorineural hearing loss in patients with hepatitis B virus infection","authors":"Shih-Lung Chen ,&nbsp;Chia-Ying Ho ,&nbsp;Shy-Chyi Chin ,&nbsp;Kai-Chieh Chan ,&nbsp;Yu-Chien Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2025.104660","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2025.104660","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is an acute auditory disorder commonly treated with steroids. However, the prognostic factors for patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) undergoing intra-tympanic steroid injections (ITSIs) remain unclear. This research seeks to explore the prognostic factors affecting the outcome of ITSI treatment in HBV patients with unilateral SSNHL.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective study included 77 patients with HBV who presented with unilateral SSNHL from October 2018 to October 2024. All patients underwent ITSIs, and their clinical and audiological data were thoroughly analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean age of the patients was 48.61 ± 15.98 years. Following ITSIs, the mean gain in hearing level was 15.51 ± 19.22 dB, the mean gain in speech reception threshold (SRT) was 16.23 ± 31.02 dB, and the mean gain in speech discrimination score (SDS) was 17.55 ± 30.69 %. According to Siegel’s criteria, 6 patients (7.79 %) achieved complete recovery, 13 (16.88 %) experienced partial recovery, 33 (42.86 %) had slight recovery, and 25 (32.47 %) showed no improvement.</div><div>In univariate analyses, factors such as age ≥ 50 years (odds ratio [OR] = 0.3257, 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 0.1085–0.9781, <em>p</em> = 0.0391), the presence of vertigo (OR = 0.2656, 95 % CI: 0.0696–1.0137, <em>p</em> = 0.0335), and profound hearing loss as measured by pure-tone audiometry (PTA; OR = 0.0638, 95 % CI: 0.0080–0.5099, <em>p</em> = 0.0003) were identified as adverse prognostic factors. In the multivariate analysis, age ≥ 50 years (OR = 0.2799, 95 % CI: 0.0830–0.9437, <em>p</em> = 0.0400) and profound hearing loss (OR = 0.0609, 95 % CI: 0.0072–0.5133, <em>p</em> = 0.0101) emerged as independent negative prognostic factors.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>ITSIs are effective in managing SSNHL in patients with HBV while minimizing the side effects associated with high-dose systemic steroids. Among the 77 HBV patients with SSNHL who received ITSI, age ≥ 50 years and profound hearing loss were identified as negative prognostic factors. For HBV patients with these risk factors, timely and proactive treatment is essential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7591,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"46 4","pages":"Article 104660"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143886960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transoral robotic surgery versus conventional transoral surgery for submandibular stones: Systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Matteo Lazzeroni ,&nbsp;Giulia Buccichini ,&nbsp;Muhammad Suleiman ,&nbsp;Emma Finnegan ,&nbsp;Luke Mattey ,&nbsp;Davide Tosini ,&nbsp;Michele Proh ,&nbsp;Lorenzo Pignataro ,&nbsp;Antonino Maniaci ,&nbsp;Mario Lentini ,&nbsp;Sara Torretta ,&nbsp;Pasquale Capaccio ,&nbsp;Michelle Azevedo","doi":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2025.104647","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2025.104647","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The recent diffusion of transoral robotic surgery has prompted its application not only in the oropharyngeal and hypopharyngeal-laryngeal fields, which are the anatomical sites of major use of the method, but also in the oral floor for the removal of tumours and other diseases affecting the salivary glands, such as sialothiasis. This study aims to assess the safety and efficacy profiles of transoral robotic surgery compared to traditional transoral procedures for the treatment of submandibular stones.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched for studies reporting on traditional or robotic transoral surgery for submandibular stones. As recommended by the PRISMA guidelines, proportion meta-analysis was performed on a random-effects model. The present review was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42024522199).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 2520 participants from 23 studies were included. The selected patients had a mean age of 44 years (range 5-87), with 48 % of them being female. Transoral robotic surgery had a success rate of 95.7 % (95 % CI 90.9-99.0), higher than traditional transoral approaches (success rate 92.6 %; 95 % CI 89.3-95.4). Transient <em>stupor</em> of the lingual nerve was observed more frequently in robotic surgeries (15.8 % vs 8.1 %). However, no reports of permanent injury to the lingual nerve were found.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Transoral robotic surgery is a valid treatment option for submandibular stones. Due to the high costs of the procedure, strict patient selection is mandatory.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7591,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"46 4","pages":"Article 104647"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143887070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Personalized therapeutic strategies and prognosis for advanced laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma: Insights from machine learning models","authors":"Sakhr Alshwayyat ,&nbsp;Alia Alawneh ,&nbsp;Haya Kamal ,&nbsp;Tala Abdulsalam Alshwayyat ,&nbsp;Mustafa Alshwayyat ,&nbsp;Hamdah Hanifa ,&nbsp;Raghad Al-Shami ,&nbsp;Kholoud Qassem","doi":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2025.104633","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2025.104633","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Despite the development of diverse treatment options, there has been an increase in mortality rates for laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). Our research employed survival analysis and machine learning (ML) techniques to evaluate the impact of different therapeutic options on survival and to build a prognostic model for individualized clinical decisions in advanced LSCC.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database provided the data used for this study’s analysis. To identify the prognostic variables for patients with LSCC, we conducted Cox regression analysis and constructed prognostic models using five machine learning (ML) algorithms to predict 5-year survival. A method of validation that incorporated the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was employed to validate the accuracy and reliability of the ML models. We also investigated the role of multiple therapeutic options using Kaplan Meier (K-M) survival analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study included 7350 patients, of whom 2689 were diagnosed with glottic cancer (GC), 4349 with supraglottic (SuGC) and 312 with subglottic (SC). ML models identified age, sex, and stage as the most important factors that affect survival. In terms of treatment, bets survival therapeutic options for all anatomical sites was surgery and radiotherapy (RT).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Employing multimodal therapies such as surgery and radiotherapy is crucial for managing advanced-stage LSCC. Tailored approaches that consider prognostic factors such as age, sex, and tumor stage are necessary. Additionally, chemotherapy did not significantly impact overall survival, suggesting potential areas for improvement in LSCC management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7591,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"46 4","pages":"Article 104633"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}