American Journal of Otolaryngology最新文献

{"title":"Personalized therapeutic strategies and prognosis for advanced laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma: Insights from machine learning models","authors":"Sakhr Alshwayyat ,&nbsp;Alia Alawneh ,&nbsp;Haya Kamal ,&nbsp;Tala Abdulsalam Alshwayyat ,&nbsp;Mustafa Alshwayyat ,&nbsp;Hamdah Hanifa ,&nbsp;Raghad Al-Shami ,&nbsp;Kholoud Qassem","doi":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2025.104633","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2025.104633","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Despite the development of diverse treatment options, there has been an increase in mortality rates for laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). Our research employed survival analysis and machine learning (ML) techniques to evaluate the impact of different therapeutic options on survival and to build a prognostic model for individualized clinical decisions in advanced LSCC.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database provided the data used for this study’s analysis. To identify the prognostic variables for patients with LSCC, we conducted Cox regression analysis and constructed prognostic models using five machine learning (ML) algorithms to predict 5-year survival. A method of validation that incorporated the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was employed to validate the accuracy and reliability of the ML models. We also investigated the role of multiple therapeutic options using Kaplan Meier (K-M) survival analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study included 7350 patients, of whom 2689 were diagnosed with glottic cancer (GC), 4349 with supraglottic (SuGC) and 312 with subglottic (SC). ML models identified age, sex, and stage as the most important factors that affect survival. In terms of treatment, bets survival therapeutic options for all anatomical sites was surgery and radiotherapy (RT).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Employing multimodal therapies such as surgery and radiotherapy is crucial for managing advanced-stage LSCC. Tailored approaches that consider prognostic factors such as age, sex, and tumor stage are necessary. Additionally, chemotherapy did not significantly impact overall survival, suggesting potential areas for improvement in LSCC management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7591,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"46 4","pages":"Article 104633"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health-related quality of life perspectives of cochlear implanted children, their hearing peers, and their parents: a prospective case-control study","authors":"Debora d.P. Jiménez Montesdeoca ,&nbsp;Juan C. Falcón González ,&nbsp;Silvia A. Borkoski Barreiro ,&nbsp;Angel M. Ramos Macías","doi":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2025.104652","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2025.104652","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Hearing loss is one of the most common sensory alterations in humans. Cochlear implants in children provide significant benefits from a clinical point of view. However, the benefits in the health-related quality of life have been seldom studied.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To assess whether the health-related quality of life of 5-18 old children with cochlear implants, as measured with the PedsQL pediatric quality of life questionnaire version 4.0, is comparable with the perception of their parents/caregivers.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Prospective, observational, cross-sectional and analytical study.</div></div><div><h3>Setting(s)</h3><div>Hearing loss Unit of the Hospital Universitario Insular Materno-Infantil (Mother and Child University Hospital), León y Castillo Infant and Primary Education Center and La Minilla Secondary Education Institute.</div></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><div>140 pediatric subjects (108 with cochlear implants, 32 hearing) plus one of their parents or guardians.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The original and Spanish-validated PedsQL™ pediatric quality of life questionnaires version 4.0 were used.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Cochlear implantation yielded statistically significant results in terms of physical functioning and psychosocial health in children of 5-18 years of age.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The health-related quality of life of cochlear implanted pediatric patients (5-18 years old) evaluated with the PedsQL™ pediatric quality of life questionnaire version 4.0, is comparable to the perception of their parents/caregivers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7591,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"46 4","pages":"Article 104652"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iranian females report more severe symptoms on the SNOT-22: A cross-sectional population-based study","authors":"Soheila Nikakhlagh ,&nbsp;Nader Saki ,&nbsp;Bahman Cheraghian ,&nbsp;Zahra Rahimi ,&nbsp;Sara Saki ,&nbsp;Seyed Mohammad Tabibzadeh","doi":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2025.104631","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2025.104631","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Rhinosinusitis encompasses a group of conditions characterized by inflammation of the nasal mucosa and paranasal sinuses, impacting the quality of life for those affected. This study was designed to assess the quality of life in the general population using the SNOT-22 questionnaire.</div><div>This study was designed to assess quality of life among the general population using the SNOT-22 questionnaire, which is a tool for measuring quality of life related to rhinological issues.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>This population-based cross-sectional study was conducted as part of the baseline assessment for the Hoveyzeh cohort study, focusing on adults aged 35–70 in southwest Iran. Data related to socioeconomic factors, demographic characteristics, and anthropometric measurements were gathered. Subsequently, a random sample of 1324 individuals participated in the study, completing the Self-reported SNOT-22 questionnaire.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>The mean age of 1324 participants was 49.92 ± 8.97 years, and about 60 % were women. The average SNOT-22 score was 7.84 ± 10.78. Approximately 34 % of the participants had an abnormal score on the SNOT-22 questionnaire. These participants were assessed for domains related to nasal, otologic, sleep and emotional symptoms. The most common issues reported were sneezing, dizziness or vertigo, waking up tired, and feelings of sadness, respectively. We observed that the odds of having an abnormal SNOT-22 scores were 62 % higher in women compared to men.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our results revealed a relatively higher prevalence of abnormal SNOT-22 scores, especially among women. Therefore, designing and implementing therapeutic and educational interventions for these people seems necessary.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7591,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"46 4","pages":"Article 104631"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Opioid prescribing after thyroid and parathyroid surgery: A survey of North American surgeons","authors":"Phillip Staibano ,&nbsp;Michael Xie ,&nbsp;Kelvin Zhou ,&nbsp;Han Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2025.104640","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2025.104640","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Opioid overprescribing remains an issue following thyroid and parathyroid surgery (TPS). We performed a cross-sectional survey study to describe opioid prescribing trends of otolaryngology–head and neck surgeons across North America.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We performed a cross-sectional survey study of otolaryngology–head and neck surgeons who are members of the Canadian Society of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery (CSO) or the American Head and Neck Society (AHNS). The voluntary 20-item online survey addressed surgeon analgesia practices for TPS and was distributed from February 2023–July 2024. Statistical analysis included descriptive methods, multivariable logistic regression, and Chi-square testing.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, 153 surgeons completed the survey (response rate: 22.6 %) and of these surgeons, most were Canadian, fellowship-trained, and practicing for 0–10 years. Most surgeons (73 %) rated postoperative patient pain as 3–5/10. Over 75 % of surgeons prescribed opioids for inpatient thyroid surgery with early-career surgeons more likely to prescribe opioids and US surgeons were less likely to prescribe opioids. Oxycodone was commonly prescribed by US surgeons and Canadian surgeons preferred codeine. Canadian surgeons were likelier to prescribe opioids, especially ≥20 opioid tabs, when compared to US surgeons. Almost 50 % of surgeons prescribed 10–19 opioid tabs despite predicting that postoperative patients likely only use 0–10 opioid tabs.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Otolaryngology–head and neck surgeons routinely prescribe opioids for TPS despite identifying that patients only consume a fraction of their opioid prescription. Standardization of opioid prescribing and promotion of multimodal analgesia practices are needed to reduce opioid overprescription.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7591,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"46 4","pages":"Article 104640"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of vascularization patterns in juvenile Angiofibroma and the impact of preoperative embolization on surgical excision","authors":"Hon Minh Hao Nguyen ,&nbsp;Minh Tran Quang Le ,&nbsp;Hai Thanh Nguyen ,&nbsp;Hong Viet Tran ,&nbsp;Luan Viet Tran","doi":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2025.104632","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2025.104632","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) is a rare, highly vascular tumor posing a significant challenge for endoscopic excision due to excessive intraoperative bleeding. Exploring feeding vessels and preoperative embolization could reduce intraoperative blood loss and improve surgical outcomes for JNA. This study investigates the vascularization patterns of JNA and the impact of preoperative embolization on surgical excision.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This was a descriptive cross-sectional study of 30 histopathologically confirmed JNA patients who underwent preoperative embolization followed by endoscopic surgical excision from January 2019 to May 2023 at Ear Nose Throat Hospital of Ho Chi Minh City. The distribution of vascular supply of tumors, as well as the role of preoperative embolization, were analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Most tumors received exclusive blood supply from the internal maxillary artery (IMA) accounting for 50%, with 20% of cases being supplied by bilateral IMAs. A combined supply pattern involving the IMA and other external carotid artery branches was observed in 26.6%. Three complex cases (10%) received blood from the internal carotid artery (ICA). Embolization was performed at branches originating from the external carotid artery (ECA) but not from the ICA to avoid complications. All patients achieved complete endoscopic JNA excision. The average intraoperative blood loss was 608 mL (range: 100 mL - 3000 mL), and the average Boezaart score was 2.63. No major surgical complications occurred in the perioperative period. Significant differences in blood loss were observed among different UPMC tumor stages (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) and tumor sizes (<em>p</em> = 0.008). Advanced-stage tumors were more likely to have an ICA blood supply (<em>p</em> = 0.038).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Understanding the vascularization patterns of juvenile angiofibroma and the role of preoperative embolization can facilitate endoscopic excision of these tumors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7591,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"46 3","pages":"Article 104632"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143868671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research progress of anti-IGE treatment for allergic rhinitis","authors":"Rongrong Lv ,&nbsp;Jie Shan ,&nbsp;Anchi Sun ,&nbsp;Zhiwei Xing ,&nbsp;Qun Xu ,&nbsp;Qianqian Shao ,&nbsp;Hui Li","doi":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2025.104646","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2025.104646","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Allergic rhinitis (AR) is an inflammatory reaction of the nasal mainly mediated by Immunoglobulin E(IgE). It is one of the most common chronic diseases in the world. Patients with nasal discomfort, persistent nasal itching, sneezing, runny nose and so on as the main symptoms, it is a refractory allergic disease, will seriously reduce the quality of life of patients.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>At present, the treatment of patients with allergic rhinitis is mainly to avoid contact with allergens, drug treatment and desensitization treatment. The serum IgE level of most patients is significantly increased. By introducing monoclonal antibodies into the gene-expression environment of IgE, the levels of free IgE can be effectively suppressed, resulting in a significant reduction in the incidence of AR. Therefore, this article will explore the mechanism and clinical application of this new anti-IgE drug, omalizumab.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Omalizumab can significantly relieve the condition of AR patients and reduce the dosage of corticosteroids and antihistamines, but its long-term efficacy and safety need further observation and analysis. Before use, the patient's status should be confirmed and the potential risks should be discussed with the patient in advance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7591,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"46 3","pages":"Article 104646"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143873697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of nasal surgery with olfactory function among older adults","authors":"Khamis T. Suleiman ,&nbsp;Richard G. Chiu ,&nbsp;Sharmilee M. Nyenhuis ,&nbsp;Kamal Eldeirawi ,&nbsp;Victoria S. Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2025.104638","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2025.104638","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/purpose</h3><div>Olfactory Dysfunction (OD) is a prevalent condition that commonly presents in the older adult population. Various factors have been shown to contribute to OD, such as neurodegenerative disease, older age, and smoking status; however, the influence of nasal surgery on olfactory function is not well delineated. This study seeks to explore the potential effect of nose surgery on olfactory function.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study was conducted on data for 2285 adults from Round 1 of the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (NSHAP), a nationally representative sample of US older adults. The 5-item Sniffin’ Sticks test was used to define olfactory function: correctly identifying <span><math><mo>≥</mo></math></span>4 odors indicated normal olfactory function, while correctly identifying 0–3 odors was considered OD Associations between prior nasal surgery and OD were assessed using multivariable logistic regression, and adjusted odds ratios (OR) were calculated. Analyses were weighted using NSHAP-provided person-level weights to account for sampling design.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>OD was present in 18.4 % of adults. The weighted average age was 67.1 ± 7.2 years among those with normal olfaction and 70.9 ± 7.9 years for those with OD. Of adults with OD, 9.8 % had a prior nasal surgery as compared to 8.1 % of those with normal olfaction, although the difference was not statistically significant. After adjusting for age, gender, race, education, prior stroke, dementia, and self-reported mental health, prior nasal surgery was not significantly associated with OD (OR: 1.14; 95 % CI: 0.77–1.70).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Prior nasal surgery was not associated with OD after controlling for covariates. While this study does provide unique insight into the relationship between nasal surgery and OD in nationally representative cohort of older adults, it was limited since the dataset utilized did not contain information on the specific surgery that participants underwent. Therefore, further research with more detailed information on the types of nasal surgeries and sinonasal conditions prior to surgery would further help elucidate the relationship between and nasal surgery and OD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7591,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"46 3","pages":"Article 104638"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143868670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reoperation for hematoma in patients on perioperative antithrombotic drugs underwent thyroidectomy","authors":"Bassam Abboud ,&nbsp;Christopher Abboud ,&nbsp;Mayssam Meouche","doi":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2025.104636","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2025.104636","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Backgrounds</h3><div>Evaluate the risk of reoperation for postoperative hematoma (POH) in patients on antithrombotic conditions underwent thyroidectomy.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Three groups: Groups 1, 2, and 3 included thyroidectomy without treatment, under antiplatelet and anticoagulation drugs, respectively. Occurrence of POH identified 2 groups: hematoma (Group A) and no hematoma (Group B).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The overall incidence of POH was 6 %(reoperation 0.1 %, conservative 5.9 %). 83 % of the reoperation for POH occurred within the first 24 h. Antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs were associated with a 3.4 and 5.2 increased odds of POH respectively. Hyperthyroidism, substernal goiter, hypertension, and antithrombotic drugs were present in 32 % and 7 %, 33 % and 11 %, 52 % and 27 %, and 30 % and 9 % of patients in groups A and B respectively. Reoperation was necessary in 0.08 %, 0.23 %, and 1 % of patients in groups 1, 2, and 3 respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Patients underwent thyroidectomy under antithrombotic drugs are at much higher risk for reoperation for POH.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7591,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"46 4","pages":"Article 104636"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143863575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of ChatGPT for patient education involving HPV-associated oropharyngeal cancer","authors":"Terral A. Patel ,&nbsp;Gillian Michaelson ,&nbsp;Zoey Morton ,&nbsp;Alexandria Harris ,&nbsp;Brandon Smith ,&nbsp;Richard Bourguillon ,&nbsp;Eric Wu ,&nbsp;Arturo Eguia ,&nbsp;Jessica H. Maxwell","doi":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2025.104642","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2025.104642","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aims to investigate the ability of ChatGPT to generate reliably accurate responses to patient-based queries specifically regarding oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) of the head and neck.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Retrospective review of published abstracts.</div></div><div><h3>Setting</h3><div>Publicly available generative artificial intelligence.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>ChatGPT 3.5 (May 2024) was queried with a set of 30 questions pertaining to HPV-associated oropharyngeal cancer that the average patient may ask. This set of questions was queried a total of four times preceded by a different prompt. The answer prompts for each question set were reviewed and graded on a four-part Likert scale. A Flesch-Kincaid reading level was also calculated for each prompt.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>For all answer prompts (<em>n</em> = 120), 6.6 % were graded as mostly inaccurate, 7.5 % were graded as minorly inaccurate, 41.7 % were graded as accurate, and 44.2 % were graded as accurate and helpful. The average Flesch-Kincaid reading grade level was lowest for the responses without any prompt (11.77). Understandably, the highest grade levels were found in the physician-friend prompt (12.97). Of the 30 references, 25 (83.3 %) were found to be authentic published studies. Of the 25 authentic references, the answers accurately cited information found within the original source for 14 of the references (56 %).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>ChatGPT was able to produce relatively accurate responses to example patient questions, but there was a high rate of false references. In addition, the reading level of the answer prompts was well above the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommendations for the average patient.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7591,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"46 4","pages":"Article 104642"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143863574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Head and neck cancer trends in Ohio: Examining temporal, anatomical, and geospatial patterns across Appalachian and non-Appalachian regions","authors":"Samuel Borgemenke ,&nbsp;Milena Fabry ,&nbsp;Elizabeth A. Beverly","doi":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2025.104634","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.amjoto.2025.104634","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Head and neck cancer (HNC) is the seventh most common type of cancer worldwide. Compared to the rest of the United States, Appalachia has higher incidence rates of HNC. The purpose of this project is to examine the temporal, anatomical, and geospatial variances in head and neck cancers across Ohio, focusing on disparities between Appalachian and non-Appalachian regions.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data was sourced from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention and Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. The incidence and mortality rates of HNC across Ohio were identified and sub classified based on anatomical site. Social determinants of health and environmental factors affecting HNC raters were compared between Appalachian and non-Appalachian regions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The incidence (<em>R</em> = 0.9, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.01) and mortality (<em>R</em> = 0.8, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.01) of head and neck cancer increased significantly from 1999 to 2021 and demonstrated a relationship with mortality (<em>R</em> = 0.3, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). Adult smoking (<em>R</em> = 0.5, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), obesity (R = 0.5, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), and dentist rates (R = 0.3, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.01) were associated with HNC rates. Mean mortality was significantly higher for Appalachian (mean = 10.7, SD = 2.6) than non-Appalachian (mean = 8.6, SD = 2.4) regions (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01) communities.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings emphasize the importance of addressing modifiable risk factors through smoking cessation, weight management, and dietary improvements. The difference in mortality between Appalachian and non-Appalachian regions underscores the role of geographic and socioeconomic disparities in shaping health outcomes across Ohio.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7591,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"46 4","pages":"Article 104634"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}