AIDS research and human retroviruses最新文献

{"title":"Comparison of the Performance of Commercially Available Quantitative Viral Load Assays Using Clinical Samples from Patients from Regions Where Distinct HIV-1 Subtypes Co-Circulate: Potential Implications for Patient Management.","authors":"Maria Cecilia Araripe Sucupira, Mauro Schechter, Adauto Castelo Filho, Fernanda Ferreira, Lilian Amaral Inocêncio, Denise Ferreira de Souza, Ricardo Sobhie Diaz","doi":"10.1089/aid.2024.0055","DOIUrl":"10.1089/aid.2024.0055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>HIV RNA plasma viral load (VL) is the standard surrogate marker to monitor response to antiretroviral treatment (ART). We compared the linearity, repeatability, and concordance of six commercially available HIV RNA VL platforms using clinical samples from patients from Brazilian sites where different HIV-1 subtypes co-circulate. A total of 150 plasma samples from each city were collected in Curitiba, Southern Brazil (subtype C), São Paulo (subtype B), and Santos (BF recombinants), Southeast Brazil. Platforms were VERSANT^® Siemens HIV RNA 1.0 (kPCR); VERSANT^® Siemens HIV-1 RNA 3.0 (bDNA); Abbott Real-Time HIV-1; NucliSens EasyQ^® HIV-1 v2.0 Biomerieux; COBAS^® TaqMan^®, Roche; and <i>artus</i> HIV Virus-1 RT-PCR, QIAGEN. OptiQuant HIV-1 RNA quantification panel was used to compare VL linearity, using samples containing 50, 500,5,000, 50,000, 500,000, and 5,000,000 HIV copies/mL. HIV RNA panels with subtypes A, B, C, D, F, G, H, circulating recombinant form (CRF)1, and CRF2 were utilized. A high degree of linearity and repeatability was demonstrated for all platforms. When compared with a subtype B reference sample, 17 of 54 (31.48%) samples diverged by more than 0.5 log₁₀ copies/mL. Except for the Roche platform, all platforms underestimated subtype C VLs. A total of 743 (82.6%) valid results were obtained with samples from São Paulo, 707 (78.6%) from Santos, and 673 (74.8%) from Curitiba (São Paulo vs. Santos, <i>p</i> = .03; São Paulo vs. Curitiba, <i>p</i> = .00006; Santos vs. Curitiba, <i>p</i> = .06). The number of discordant samples between different methodologies when VL was undetectable in one method and detectable in the other ranged from 1.25% (Abbot vs. Siemens) to 44.8% (Abbott vs. Biomerieux). Finding samples with undetectable VL in one method and a high VL in another might have important individual and public health consequences. Standardization of VL measurements, particularly for non-B subtypes infections, especially subtype C, is necessary to maximize the individual and public health benefits of ART globally.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":"60-65"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142492877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Central Memory CD4 T Cells from Persons with HIV Accumulate DNA Content Defects During Proliferative Response.","authors":"Dámaris P Romero-Rodríguez, Jessica Romero-Rodríguez, Fernanda Cervantes-Mejía, Gustavo Olvera-García, Santiago Pérez-Patrigeon, Akio Murakami-Ogasawara, Karla Romero-Mora, María Gómez-Palacio, Gustavo Reyes-Terán, Wei Jiang, Enrique Espinosa","doi":"10.1089/aid.2024.0062","DOIUrl":"10.1089/aid.2024.0062","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Central memory (T_CM) cells are a subpopulation of CD4 T cells that sustain overall CD4 T cell counts in HIV infection. The mechanisms underlying their eventual demise, which leads to loss of CD4 T cell counts, are not known. To understand their proneness to death despite their increased movement to proliferation, we examined cell division together with possible cell accumulation in different phases of the cell cycle. Purified circulating T_CM cells from untreated people living with HIV (PLWH) (<i>n</i> = 9) and healthy controls (<i>n</i> = 10) were stimulated <i>in vitro</i> using anti-CD3/CD28 agonistic antibodies plus IL-2 and cultured for 4 days. Cell viability, DNA content, proliferation, and cyclin A and cyclin B expression were measured. We found that PLWH T_CM cells more frequently had a DNA content lower than G0/G1, compared with controls (<i>p</i> = .043). These cells accumulated with each division. The proportion of cells with sub-G0/G1 DNA content that were cycling (expressing cyclin A) was greater in the PLWH group (<i>p</i> = .003). The percentage of T_CM cells expressing cyclin A+ among those in G0/G1 and was also greater in the PLWH group (<i>p</i> = .043), suggesting arrest before G2/M. While T_CM cells from PLWH can proliferate, during this process some of them accumulate defects in DNA content that are incompatible with viability, suggesting that they could be intrinsically prone to cell cycle-dependent death. This provides a possible mechanism underlying the increased T_CM cell turnover in HIV infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":"37-42"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142492876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HIV-1 Integrase T218I/S Polymorphisms Do Not Reduce HIV-1 Integrase Inhibitors' Phenotypic Susceptibility.","authors":"Elliott R Rodríguez-López, Pablo López, Yadira Rodríguez, Raphael Sánchez, Van-Sergei Acevedo, Jarline Encarnación, Grissell Tirado, Carmen Ortiz-Sánchez, Thibault Mesplède, Vanessa Rivera-Amill","doi":"10.1089/AID.2023.0128","DOIUrl":"10.1089/AID.2023.0128","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The recently Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved cabotegravir (CAB) has demonstrated efficacy as an antiretroviral agent for HIV treatment and prevention, becoming an important tool to stop the epidemic in the United States of America (USA). However, the effectiveness of CAB can be compromised by the presence of specific integrase natural polymorphisms, including T97A, L74M, M50I, S119P, and E157Q, particularly when coupled with the primary drug-resistance mutations G140S and Q148H. CAB's recent approval as a pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) may increase the number of individuals taking CAB, which, at the same time, could increase the number of epidemiological implications. In this context, where resistance mutations, natural polymorphisms, and the lack of drug-susceptibility studies prevail, it becomes imperative to comprehensively investigate concerns related to the use of CAB. We used molecular and cell-based assays to assess the impact of T218I and T218S in the context of major resistance mutations G140S/Q148H on infectivity, integration, and resistance to CAB. Our findings revealed that T218I and T218S, either individually or in combination with G140S/Q148H, did not significantly affect infectivity, integration, or resistance to CAB. Notably, these polymorphisms also exhibited neutrality concerning other widely used integrase inhibitors, namely raltegravir, elvitegravir, and dolutegravir. Thus, our study suggests that the T218I and T218S natural polymorphisms are unlikely to undermine the effectiveness of CAB as a treatment and PrEP strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":"43-54"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141858768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"They Have to Make an Effort Too\": What Decliners Can Teach Us About HIV Cure/Remission-Related Clinical Trials? Results from a French Qualitative Study.","authors":"Sarah Lefebvre, Jean-Daniel Lelièvre, Véronique Rieux, Laurence Weiss, Denise Ward, Anne Rachline, Morgane Bureau-Stoltmann, Raida Ben Rayana, Nadir Gaad, Mohamed Ben Mechlia, Giorgio Barbareschi, Guilio Maria Corbelli, Elizabeth Brodnicki, Bruno Spire, Sheena Mc Cormack, Christel Protière","doi":"10.1089/aid.2024.0064","DOIUrl":"10.1089/aid.2024.0064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Only one study to date has focused on people living with HIV (PLWH) who refused to participate in a HIV cure/remission-related clinical trial (HCCT)-\"decliners\" hereafter-that included analytical treatment interruption (ATI). Exploring why these persons refuse may provide valuable information to ensure more ethical recruitment and support in HCCTs within the bigger picture of improving HIV cure research. The qualitative component of the AMEP-EHVA-T02/ANRS-95052 study, called AMEP-Decliners, documented the experiences of French PLWH who refused to participate in EHVA-T02/ANRS-VRI07, a phase II randomized, placebo-controlled HCCT with ATI. AMEP-Decliners comprised semi-structured individual interviews with six decliners in two HIV care sites in France between September 2022 and March 2023. The interviews documented their expectations regarding HCCTs, reasons for refusal, and perceived factors that might have led them to participate. Audio files were transcribed, and an inductive thematic analysis was performed. Surprisingly, the main reason for refusal was not ATI but the trial monitoring. Besides the frequency of appointments, respondents emphasized the incompatibility with their active life. One underlying reason for refusal was that participating would have meant \"break[ing] the carefree attitude about the disease,\" reflecting the substantial psychological burden associated with participation. Finally, respondents perceived that the trial's clinical team did not sufficiently recognize their \"normal life\" and the level of commitment required to participate, leading them to call for greater involvement by the team: \"they have to make an effort too.\" Results from decliners' discourses highlighted that two levels of commitment to participation must be considered when developing HCCTs: psychological burden and logistical constraints. We suggest allowing home examinations and flexible appointment times, prioritizing face-to-face invitations in order to address the psychological burden associated with HCCT participation, and explaining the reasons for monitoring constraints when they cannot be alleviated. Further studies are necessary to confirm our results.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":"20-29"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142492875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acknowledgment of Reviewers 2024.","authors":"","doi":"10.1089/aid.2024.25621.revack","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/aid.2024.25621.revack","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":"41 1","pages":"66-67"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142961979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Characterization of HIV-1 <i>tat</i> Gene from Virologically Controlled Aging Individuals with HIV on Long-Term Antiretroviral Therapy.","authors":"Nathan Kummet, Neha Mishra, Adela Diaz, Nicholas Cusick, Stephen Klotz, Nafees Ahmad","doi":"10.1089/aid.2024.0029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/aid.2024.0029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite advancements in antiretroviral therapy (ART) that reduces the viral load to undetectable levels and improve CD4 T cell counts, viral eradication has not been achieved due to HIV-1 persistence in resting CD4⁺ T-cells. We, therefore, characterized the <i>tat</i> gene, which is essential for HIV-1 replication and pathogenesis, from 20 virologically controlled aging individuals with HIV (HIV⁺) on long-term ART and improved CD4⁺ T-cell counts, with a particular focus on older individuals. Peripheral blood mononuclear cell genomic DNA from HIV⁺ were used to amplify <i>tat</i> gene by polymerase chain reaction followed by nucleotide sequencing and analysis. Phylogenetic analysis showed that each HIV⁺ <i>tat</i> sequences were confined to their own subtrees and well discriminated from other HIV⁺ sequences. Moreover, there was a low degree of viral heterogeneity and lower estimates of genetic diversity within these individuals' <i>tat</i> sequences, which decreased with increasing CD4 T counts in these HIV⁺. Most HIV⁺ Tat deduced amino acid sequences showed intact open reading frames and maintained the important functional domains for Tat functions, including transactivation, TAR binding, and nuclear localization. Furthermore, Tat-deduced amino acid sequences showed variation in previously characterized cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) epitopes, suggesting escape mutants. In conclusion, a low degree of genetic variability and conservation of functional domains and variations in CTL epitopes were the features of <i>tat</i> sequences that may be contributing to viral persistence in these 20 aging individuals with HIV on long-term ART.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142891384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of HIV-1 RNA and HIV-1 DNA Genotypic Drug Resistance Testing in Women of Childbearing Age Infected with HIV-1 in Liangshan Prefecture.","authors":"Bianchuan Cao, Mei Liu, Shaofang Song, Ping Ding, Fuli Huang, Yongmao Huang, Yongsheng Zou, Li Zhong","doi":"10.1089/aid.2024.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/aid.2024.0001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study focuses on HIV-1-infected women of childbearing age in Liangshan Prefecture and analyses their HIV-1 RNA and HIV-1 DNA genotypic drug resistance to provide a theoretical basis and technical support for monitoring the spread of resistant strains and formulating and optimizing antiretroviral therapy regimens. The study subjects were HIV-1-infected women of childbearing age who were followed up in the county of Liangshan Prefecture from January to September 2023. Peripheral venous blood samples were collected from each subject. The samples were centrifuged to separate the plasma and blood cells for HIV-1 RNA quantitative testing and HIV-1 genotypic drug resistance testing. A total of 47 participants were included in this study. When HIV-1 RNA were <50 copies/mL and between 50 and 1,000 copies/mL, the success rate of HIV-1 DNA <i>pol</i> gene amplification was significantly higher than that of HIV-1 RNA <i>pol</i> gene amplification. Among the 47 subjects, 17 (17/47, 36.17%) indicated successfully amplified HIV-1 RNA and HIV-1 DNA genotypic drug resistance in each region simultaneously, and 9 (9/17, 52.94%) developed any degree of resistance. Among these nine cases, five had consistent resistance, while four indicated inconsistent resistance. Among the five cases with identical drug resistance, there were three cases with inconsistent drug resistance mutations (DRMs). Among the four cases with inconsistent drug resistance results, one had DRMs at the HIV-1 DNA level but no DRMs at the HIV-1 RNA level, while the other three had more DRMs at the HIV-1 RNA level than at the HIV-1 DNA level. The combination of HIV-1 RNA and HIV-1 DNA genotypic drug resistance testing can improve the drawbacks of current single HIV-1 RNA genotypic drug resistance testing, especially when HIV-1 RNA is ≤1,000 copies/mL, and significantly improve the efficiency of HIV-1 genotypic drug resistance testing.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142885223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acceptability of a Smartphone-Based Music Intervention for Chronic Pain and Problematic Opioid Use Among People with HIV: A Mixed-Methods Pilot Study.","authors":"Georgia R Goodman, Demario S Overstreet, Jenna M Wilson, Conall O'Cleirigh, Edward W Boyer, Samantha M Meints, S Wade Taylor, Kenneth H Mayer, Kristin L Schreiber, Peter R Chai","doi":"10.1089/aid.2024.0072","DOIUrl":"10.1089/aid.2024.0072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic pain can be complicated by problematic opioid use, which may decrease engagement in care and HIV medication adherence. Pain-related anxiety and catastrophic thinking augment pain severity and interference while driving increased substance use. The acceptability and effect of a music-based smartphone application on negative affect and catastrophic thinking were evaluated in a mixed-methods study among persons living with HIV (PWH) with problematic opioid use and chronic pain. Participants (<i>N</i> = 16) completed a 10-min music listening session, quantitative assessment<i>,</i> and qualitative interview. Paired sample <i>t</i>-tests compared pre- and post-test scores of negative affect (Profile of Mood States-Short Form) and pain catastrophizing (Situational Pain Catastrophizing Scale) before and after music. Qualitative data were analyzed using within-case, across-case analysis. Negative affect significantly decreased after the music listening session (pre 8.3 ± 6.7 vs. post 1.8 ± 2.6; <i>p</i> = .0003), as did pain catastrophizing (pre 8.5 ± 4.3 vs. post 2.5 ± 3.4; <i>p</i> < .0001). Qualitatively, participants (<i>n</i> = 14) viewed the app-based music listening session as acceptable and potentially useful as an intervention or adjuvant for pain management and reduction of opioid use. Overall, a brief exposure to a novel music app produced significant improvements in negative affect and pain-related catastrophic thoughts among PWH with problematic opioid use and chronic pain. Future work should further explore the effects of music on pain and the use of illicit substances more broadly in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142875915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Dynamic Viral Rebound and Longitudinal Measures of Viral Load/CD4 Counts Among People with HIV in South Carolina.","authors":"Yunqing Ma, Jiajia Zhang, Jiayang Xiao, Xueying Yang, Sharon Weissman, Xiaoming Li, Bankole Olatosi","doi":"10.1089/aid.2024.0035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/aid.2024.0035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Monitoring HIV viral rebound (VR) is crucial, as it indicates an increased risk of infection, transmission, disease progression, and drug resistance. This study aims to identify the association between dynamic VR and historical viral load (VL)/CD4 count measures. A 15-year South Carolina population-based electronic health record data were used for the study. VR was defined as the return of detectable levels of VL (>200 copies/mL) after stable viral suppression (VS) (two consecutive VS, i.e., VL ≤200 copies/mL). A generalized linear mixed model was used to evaluate the association between dynamic VR and historical time-dependent predictors, such as nadir CD4 count and comorbidities, within a year prior to each VR. Subgroup analysis for men who have sex with men (MSM) was also conducted. Among 8,185 people with HIV (PWH), 1,173 (14.3%) had a history of VR. Lower nadir CD4 count (≥500 vs. <200 cells/μL; adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 0.51, 95% confidence interval [CI]: [0.43, 0.60]), younger age (>60 years old vs. 18-30 years old; aOR: 0.43, 95% CI: [0.29, 0.63]), and being Black (Black vs. White; aOR: 1.58, 95% CI: [1.34, 1.85]) were associated with a higher risk of VR, while MSM (MSM vs. heterosexual; aOR: 0.81, 95% CI: [0.67, 0.96]) were associated with decreased VR risk. The rate of VR among PWH in South Carolina is significant. Within-1-year VL/CD4 test is critical for identifying PWH at risk for VR. Tailored interventions are needed for PWH at risk for VR to achieve sustained suppression and better health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142833317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using HIV and Hepatitis C Molecular Epidemiology to Investigate Assisted Partner Services Recruitment Among People Who Inject Drugs in Kenya.","authors":"Hanley Kingston, Bhavna H Chohan, Loice Mbogo, David Bukusi, Aliza Monroe-Wise, Betsy Sambai, Victor Omballa, Khai Hoan Tram, Brandon Guthrie, Jennifer Giandhari, Sarah Masyuko, Rose Bosire, William Sinkele, Tulio de Oliveira, John Scott, Carey Farquhar, Joshua T Herbeck","doi":"10.1089/aid.2024.0036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/aid.2024.0036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sexual and/or injecting partners of people who inject drugs (PWID) may have an elevated risk of HIV infection either from sharing a transmission network or an epidemiological environment. We estimated the degree of similarity between HIV and hepatitis C (HCV) sequences from PWID and their partners to assess whether partner-based recruitment identifies sexual or injecting partners within transmission networks. We used assisted partner services (APS) to recruit sexual and injecting partners of PWID living with HIV in Kenya and evaluated trends in the TN93 distances (an adjusted measure of sequence similarity) of the HIV-1 and HCV sequences from partner pairs. Of 135 unique pairs identified, 2 sexual, 2 injecting, and 3 unique sexual and injecting partner pairs had HIV sequences within a TN93 distance of 0.045, and 4 unique partner pairs had HCV sequences with distances <0.015. Sexual but not injecting partner pairs had HIV sequences with significantly smaller distances than non-partners, on average, but injecting partner pairs did have significantly smaller HCV-4a patristic distances than non-partners. APS recruitment partly reflects the HIV transmission network among sexual, but not injecting, partners of PWID. The relationship between the injecting partner recruitment and molecular networks is stronger for HCV than HIV and may reflect some recent parenteral HCV transmission. Our results show the importance of continued focus on reducing sexual HIV transmission among PWID and on education and services to address HCV transmission through needle- and/or equipment-sharing.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142833322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}