AIDS research and human retroviruses最新文献

{"title":"<i>Erratum to:</i> \"Experiences and Acceptability of Serial Lymph Node and Gut Biopsies Among Young Women Enrolled in an HIV Cure-Related Trial in Durban, South Africa\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/08892229261499853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08892229261499853","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":"8892229261499853"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149178936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revisiting What HIV in the Brain Can Teach Us About SARS-CoV-2 Neurological Complications.","authors":"Layan Taher, Jekzaly Arellano, Lena Al-Harthi","doi":"10.1177/08892229261491499","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08892229261491499","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In 2021, a Perspective article suggested that principles of HIV neuropathogenesis could provide a conceptual framework for understanding the neurological complications of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection when mechanistic evidence was limited. Five years later, extensive clinical, neuropathological, and experimental studies allow reassessment of that framework. Current evidence has shifted emphasis away from direct viral infection of the central nervous system toward host-mediated mechanisms involving persistent immune activation, endothelial dysfunction, glial activation, thromboinflammation, and disruption of the neuroimmune axis. At the same time, persistent viral antigens and adaptive immune responses, including autoantibodies in subsets of patients, have expanded our understanding of the biological heterogeneity underlying post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection with neurological manifestations. This Perspective revisits the original framework in light of these advances and examines how concepts derived from HIV neuropathogenesis continue to inform our understanding of persistent neurological dysfunction following SARS-CoV-2 infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":"8892229261491499"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149163959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Willingness to Participate in HIV Cure Research Among Young People Living with Perinatally Acquired HIV in the Centre Region of Cameroon: A Cross-Sectional Survey.","authors":"Aude Christelle Ka'e, Yagai Bouba, Rita Ekwoge, Ali Ahmed, Lum Forgwei, Tatiana Tekoh, Cynthia Ayafor, Laurel Tchamda, Sonia Teneneg Nek, Forgu Esemu Livo, Naomi-Karell Etame, Suzie Tetang, Catherine Eyenga, Alex Durand Nka, Annie Carole Nga Motaze, Francois Ateba, Ezechiel Ngoufack Jagni Semengue, Collins Ambe Chenwi, Aubin Nanfack, Celine Nkenfou, Illiassou Mfochive, Marcel Tongo, Maria Mercedes Santoro, Francesca Ceccherini-Silberstein, Gianluca Russo, Alexis Ndjolo, Carlo-Federico Perno, Caroline T Tiemessen, Krista L Dong, Deborah Persaud, Thumbi Ndung'u, Jessica Salzwedel, Stefano D'Amelio, Karine Dubé, Joseph Fokam","doi":"10.1177/08892229261495198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08892229261495198","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Young people living with perinatally acquired HIV (YPLHIV) represent a unique population for HIV cure research, offering opportunities to assess interventions in a group for whom adherence to antiretroviral treatment (ART) is particularly challenging. Understanding their perspectives about participating in HIV cure research could inform the design of future YPLHIV-centered study protocols. In this cross-sectional study, we assessed awareness and willingness to engage in HIV cure research among YPLHIV in Cameroon from February to April 2025. A questionnaire was administered to 157 YPLHIV [50.7% male; median (interquartile range) age: 18(16-20) years]; 83.6% were attending secondary school, and 9.6% were living in rural settings with 145 (92.3%) full respondents. The majority (63.0%) were aware that HIV cure research is being conducted (3.3% of them from rural vs. 96.7% from urban settings, <i>p</i> = .093); with awareness higher among secondary-school students (94.6%; <i>p</i> = .029), and those having internet access (77.2% vs. 21.7% for others; <i>p</i> = .032). The understanding of HIV \"cure\" included: \"no more treatment needed\" (31.2%), \"elimination of the virus\" (16.0%), and \"no longer having the disease\" (7.6%). Almost 90% were apparently willing to participate in cure research across sex, educational level, adherence, and geographical settings, with 44/145 (30.3%) reporting at least one concern about participation, such as \"collection of many samples\" (10/145; 6.90%). The main motivation to participate was the \"possibilities of finding a cure\" (28.7%). While over 60% were aware of ongoing HIV cure research, efforts to improve awareness are needed in rural settings. Identifying challenges perceived by YPLHIV offers a guide for developing tailored communication and support. The high presumed willingness of YPLHIV to participate in HIV cure research offers promise for implementation in Cameroon and similar settings across Africa, where YPLHIV need alternatives to daily ART. However, further research into informed willingness and actual real-world clinical trial participation will be essential to determine overall feasibility and implementation success.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":"8892229261495198"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149126173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety of Autologous Infusion of CER T Cells in Nonhuman Primates.","authors":"Karsten Eichholz, Afam A Okoye, Benjamin D Varco-Merth, Jiaxin Gong, John Bui, Joe Hou, Hans-Peter Kiem, Daniel Hayball, Mark Hoenerhoff, Samuel T Robinson, Christopher W Peterson, Lawrence Corey, Daniel Corey","doi":"10.1177/08892229261490969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08892229261490969","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cellular immunotherapies have shown great promise in the treatment of various diseases. Chimeric engulfment receptor (CER)-engineered T cells were developed to utilize the extracellular T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing 4 (TIM-4) domain and intracellular engulfment signaling domains to target and enhance phagocytosis and T-cell cytotoxic function. These processes are activated through TIM-4 binding with phosphatidylserine (PS), a pro-phagocytic \"eat me\" signal. HIV infection has been shown to induce extracellular PS exposure shortly after infection, and engineered CER T cells have been shown to kill CD4⁺ T cells infected with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) <i>in vitro</i>. In this study, we infused two rhesus macaques (RMs) with CER-1236 T cells (the iteration of CER T cells currently moving forward in human clinical trials for cancer) and evaluated safety, the tissue distribution of the CER-1236 T cells, and antiviral activity against SIV (SIVmac239). Prior to infusions, RMs underwent SIV infection, antiretroviral therapy (ART), and ART cessation. The infusions were well tolerated. Neither of the macaques exhibited clinical evidence of illness nor changes in vital signs, serum chemistry, hematology, or other evaluated physiological parameters beyond what is typically observed with SIV infection. Post-infusion proliferation of CER T cells in PBMC was limited and seen with cells manufactured by the Prodigy system. Histologic and flow cytometry evaluation from post-infusion tissue biopsies and necropsy revealed tissue detection of CER T cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid with intermittent detection of infused cells in lymphoid tissue in concert with the limited expansion of T cells in PBMC. No laboratory or clinical evidence of hepatic, splenic, bone marrow, or CNS alterations was noted, and no evidence of <i>in vivo</i> suppression of SIVmac239 was observed as a result of the infusions. The CER-1236 T cell infusions were not associated with any discernable histopathological toxicity. This safety profile of CER-1236 T cells in nonhuman primates portends well for its potential for clinical development, especially for tumors with high expression of the tissue damage receptor PS. Optimization of <i>in vivo</i> functionality will be required for CER T cells to be effective against HIV infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":"8892229261490969"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149126227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms Related to the COVID-19 Pandemic in Persons Living and Aging with HIV.","authors":"Sharon Walmsley, Majid Mabipoor, Alan Wai, Curtis Cooper, Bryan Boyachuk, Mona Loutfy, Marina Klein","doi":"10.1177/08892229261472161","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08892229261472161","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The COVID-19 pandemic was an event involving an actual threat of death, serious injury, or harm to the integrity of self or others, which could have served as a precipitant for unmasking symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Persons living with HIV and those with hepatitis C (HCV) coinfection could be at increased risk of PTSD symptoms after a traumatic event, given their lifetime experiences of trauma, stigma, poverty, mental health conditions, and substance use. We measured PTSD symptoms at three time points during the COVID-19 pandemic using a 17-item questionnaire in two established cohorts of persons living with HIV in Canada-those with HCV coinfection and those aging with HIV-groups at risk for having symptoms. We found that twice as many persons in the HCV coinfection cohort had moderate to severe PTSD symptoms at baseline relative to the aging cohort (49% vs. 25%) and that these percentages remained high in the coinfection cohort but declined in the aging cohort with time. Notably, those who self-reported depression had increased rates of PTSD symptoms over time. Our data points to the potential long-lasting impact that the COVID-19 pandemic or other traumatic events could have on the mental health of persons living with HIV and those with coinfection, especially among those with underlying depression. We stress the need for increased awareness and management strategies of vulnerable groups during times of trauma.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":"286-297"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148576474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Provider Preferences on Existing and Potential Future Biomedical HIV Prevention Products: A Qualitative Study in the United States, Thailand, and South Africa.","authors":"Christine Tagliaferri Rael, Doyel Das, Rebecca Giguere, Jonathan Porter, Ewa Bryndza Tfaily, Camagu Tuswa Haynes, Titcha Ho, Stacey McKenna, Javier Lopez-Ríos, Cody Lentz, Curtis Dolezal, Samantha Stonbraker, Craig Hendrix, Richard T D'Aquila, Thomas J Hope","doi":"10.1177/08892229261480775","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08892229261480775","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Several forms of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) are approved, prescribed off-label, or in development in the United States, including daily oral tablets, long-acting injectable cabotegravir (CAB-LA), removable implants, and rectal tenofovir products. To understand how health care providers prioritize among these options, 30 providers from the United States, Thailand, and South Africa completed online surveys, and 10 participated in in-depth interviews. Providers shared their perspectives on current and emerging PrEP products, key informational needs for gay and bisexual men, and preferred educational strategies. When asked to rank PrEP options if all were simultaneously available, providers most often prioritized removable implants (<i>N</i> = 3), daily oral PrEP (<i>N</i> = 3), CAB-LA (<i>N</i> = 1), and rectal douches/enemas (<i>N</i> = 1), while others (<i>N</i> = 2) emphasized patient preference. Overall, providers noted that each product has unique advantages and expressed support for digital shared decision-making tools to enhance patient-provider communication about PrEP selection.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":"307-317"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148811699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in HIV/AIDS Knowledge and Self-Testing Preferences Among College Students: A Five-Year Repeated Cross-Sectional Survey in Shenzhen, China.","authors":"Anqi Song, Haohang Wang, Runlong Fan, Junqi Liu, Yu Liao, Di Yin, Nan Wu, Wei Ye, Caijun Sun, Jianhui Yuan","doi":"10.1177/08892229261479805","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08892229261479805","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite over 40 years having passed since the discovery of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), neither a cure nor a prophylactic vaccine is yet clinically available. Promoting preventive measures and raising awareness remain critical to controlling the epidemic, especially among key populations such as college students and men who have sex with men (MSM), particularly in light of the rapid rise in adolescent AIDS cases in China. In this study, we conducted an annual anonymous online cross-sectional survey from 2018 to 2022 to assess HIV/AIDS-related knowledge and willingness to adopt preventive measures among college students in Shenzhen, China. A total of 3,095 valid questionnaires were collected. The knowledge attainment rate increased significantly from 28.2% to 49.5% during this period and was correlated with gender, age, grade, and household registration status (<i>p</i> < .05). Male participants (odds ratio = 1.232, 95% confidence interval: 1.053-1.422, <i>p</i> < .01) demonstrated higher HIV/AIDS knowledge awareness than females and were more willing to use self-testing. Fingerstick blood-based self-test kits were the most commonly preferred option among participants. Most participants preferred to access self-test kits in medical rooms, dormitories, and bathrooms. Although MSM individuals showed greater willingness to adopt preventive measures, their knowledge awareness rate was not significantly different from that of the general student population. These findings suggest that implementing peer-community health programs combined with edutainment approaches may improve HIV/AIDS knowledge and promote preventive behaviors and service utilization among college students.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":"298-306"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148787119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Albuvirtide Plus Dolutegravir or Dolutegravir/Lamivudine in Hospitalized People with Advanced AIDS: A Retrospective Real-World Study.","authors":"Huanxia Liu, Yuanhong He, Tongtong Yang, Lin Cai, Yuan Yuan, Chunrong Lv, Shenghua He","doi":"10.1177/08892229261394656","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08892229261394656","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hospitalized people with advanced AIDS require potent, safe antiretroviral therapy (ART) with minimal drug interactions. This real-world retrospective cohort study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of albuvirtide (ABT) plus dolutegravir (DTG), with or without lamivudine (3TC), in this vulnerable population. We retrospectively analyzed clinical data from treatment-naïve (TN) and treatment-experienced (TE) hospitalized people with AIDS who received an ABT-based regimen for at least 24 weeks at the Chengdu Public Health Clinical Medical Center between July 2021 and July 2023. The primary outcome was the virological suppression rate (HIV-1 RNA <50 copies/mL) at week 24. A total of 174 patients (112 TN, 62 TE) were included, with 90.23% presenting with opportunistic infections. At week 24, the overall virological suppression rate was 79.89% (139/174). The suppression rate was 75.89% in TN patients and 87.10% in TE patients. From baseline, the median CD4 count increased by 115.50 cells/μL in the TN group and 89.00 cells/μL in the TE group (both <i>p</i> < .05). Treatment-related adverse events (AEs) occurred in only 5.17% of patients, all were mild-to-moderate, and no injection-site reactions were reported. No significant differences in efficacy or safety were found between the ABT + DTG and ABT + DTG/3TC regimens. In a real-world setting, ABT-based regimens containing DTG (with or without 3TC) demonstrated high efficacy and excellent safety in hospitalized people with advanced AIDS, supporting its use in this difficult-to-treat population.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":"279-285"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148705462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sequence Notes: Identification of a Novel HIV-1 Circulating Recombinant Form (CRF200_0755) in a Southern Border Region of Yunnan, China.","authors":"Min Chen, Huichao Chen, Yanling Ma, Wenfei Ding, Manhong Jia","doi":"10.1177/08892229261469040","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08892229261469040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The long-term co-circulation of various HIV-1 subtypes and circulating recombinant forms (CRFs) in China has created an environment conducive to viral recombination. This study identified a novel HIV-1 CRF resulting from the recombination of CRF07_BC and CRF55_01B in Xishuangbanna Prefecture, Yunnan Province. Nearly full-length HIV-1 genome sequences were obtained from three individuals with no epidemiological link, including two men who have sex with men and one individual with heterosexual contact. These individuals were reported in 2023. These sequences form a monophyletic clade that is distinct from all known subtypes and CRFs. Recombination and phylogenetic analyses revealed that this recombinant strain exhibited a consistent mosaic genomic structure, with the CRF55_01B backbone incorporating two CRF07_BC segments. Bayesian phylogenetic analyses indicated that this recombinant form originated around 2019. In accordance with standard nomenclature, it has been designated CRF200_0755. In addition, this recombinant strain carries the V179E resistance mutation from CRF55_01B. The discovery of this novel CRF highlights the ongoing evolution of HIV-1 amid the co-circulation of prevalent strains and population mobility. It also emphasizes the importance of continuous molecular surveillance in guiding public health strategies, given the potential presence of preexisting resistance mutations.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":"318-322"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148417974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic Characterization of Two Novel HIV-1 CRF01_AE/CRF07_BC Unique Recombinant Forms in Shenzhen, China.","authors":"Dandan Lin, Bo Zhu, Shengya Liu, Chang Lu, Pinghui Wu, Borong Wen, Binglou He, Hanping Li, Yongjian Liu, Lei Jia, Bohan Zhang, Xiaolin Wang, Jingyun Li, Jingwan Han, Junjun Jiang, Lin Li","doi":"10.1177/08892229261471606","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08892229261471606","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recombination events are a key driver of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) genetic diversity. In this study, HIV-1 samples were collected from two male patients in Shenzhen, China. Two novel recombinant forms (Ls6449 and Ls16801) derived from CRF01_AE and CRF07_BC were identified, and their near full-length genomes were obtained. Analysis of these two forms suggested that the recombination between CRF01_AE and CRF07_BC continued to occur in Shenzhen, potentially contributing to the increasing genetic complexity of the local HIV-1 epidemic. These findings highlight the need for enhanced molecular surveillance and genotyping targeting key routes, specifically sexual transmission and mobility-associated spread. It is expected to generate precise epidemiological evidence and inform local HIV prevention and control strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":"323-330"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148576246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}