AIDS research and human retroviruses最新文献

{"title":"Provider Preferences on Existing and Potential Future Biomedical HIV Prevention Products: A Qualitative Study in the United States, Thailand, and South Africa.","authors":"Christine Tagliaferri Rael, Doyel Das, Rebecca Giguere, Jonathan Porter, Ewa Bryndza Tfaily, Camagu Tuswa Haynes, Titcha Ho, Stacey McKenna, Javier Lopez-Ríos, Cody Lentz, Curtis Dolezal, Samantha Stonbraker, Craig Hendrix, Richard T D'Aquila, Thomas J Hope","doi":"10.1177/08892229261480775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08892229261480775","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Several forms of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) are approved, prescribed off-label, or in development in the United States, including daily oral tablets, long-acting injectable cabotegravir (CAB-LA), removable implants, and rectal tenofovir products. To understand how health care providers prioritize among these options, 30 providers from the United States, Thailand, and South Africa completed online surveys, and 10 participated in in-depth interviews. Providers shared their perspectives on current and emerging PrEP products, key informational needs for gay and bisexual men, and preferred educational strategies. When asked to rank PrEP options if all were simultaneously available, providers most often prioritized removable implants (<i>N</i> = 3), daily oral PrEP (<i>N</i> = 3), CAB-LA (<i>N</i> = 1), and rectal douches/enemas (<i>N</i> = 1), while others (<i>N</i> = 2) emphasized patient preference. Overall, providers noted that each product has unique advantages and expressed support for digital shared decision-making tools to enhance patient-provider communication about PrEP selection.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":"8892229261480775"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148811699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in HIV/AIDS Knowledge and Self-Testing Preferences Among College Students: A Five-Year Repeated Cross-Sectional Survey in Shenzhen, China.","authors":"Anqi Song, Haohang Wang, Runlong Fan, Junqi Liu, Yu Liao, Di Yin, Nan Wu, Wei Ye, Caijun Sun, Jianhui Yuan","doi":"10.1177/08892229261479805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08892229261479805","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite over 40 years having passed since the discovery of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), neither a cure nor a prophylactic vaccine is yet clinically available. Promoting preventive measures and raising awareness remain critical to controlling the epidemic, especially among key populations such as college students and men who have sex with men (MSM), particularly in light of the rapid rise in adolescent AIDS cases in China. In this study, we conducted an annual anonymous online cross-sectional survey from 2018 to 2022 to assess HIV/AIDS-related knowledge and willingness to adopt preventive measures among college students in Shenzhen, China. A total of 3,095 valid questionnaires were collected. The knowledge attainment rate increased significantly from 28.2% to 49.5% during this period and was correlated with gender, age, grade, and household registration status (<i>p</i> < .05). Male participants (odds ratio = 1.232, 95% confidence interval: 1.053-1.422, <i>p</i> < .01) demonstrated higher HIV/AIDS knowledge awareness than females and were more willing to use self-testing. Fingerstick blood-based self-test kits were the most commonly preferred option among participants. Most participants preferred to access self-test kits in medical rooms, dormitories, and bathrooms. Although MSM individuals showed greater willingness to adopt preventive measures, their knowledge awareness rate was not significantly different from that of the general student population. These findings suggest that implementing peer-community health programs combined with edutainment approaches may improve HIV/AIDS knowledge and promote preventive behaviors and service utilization among college students.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":"8892229261479805"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148787119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Albuvirtide Plus Dolutegravir or Dolutegravir/Lamivudine in Hospitalized People with Advanced AIDS: A Retrospective Real-World Study.","authors":"Huanxia Liu, Yuanhong He, Tongtong Yang, Lin Cai, Yuan Yuan, Chunrong Lv, Shenghua He","doi":"10.1177/08892229261394656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08892229261394656","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hospitalized people with advanced AIDS require potent, safe antiretroviral therapy (ART) with minimal drug interactions. This real-world retrospective cohort study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of albuvirtide (ABT) plus dolutegravir (DTG), with or without lamivudine (3TC), in this vulnerable population. We retrospectively analyzed clinical data from treatment-naïve (TN) and treatment-experienced (TE) hospitalized people with AIDS who received an ABT-based regimen for at least 24 weeks at the Chengdu Public Health Clinical Medical Center between July 2021 and July 2023. The primary outcome was the virological suppression rate (HIV-1 RNA <50 copies/mL) at week 24. A total of 174 patients (112 TN, 62 TE) were included, with 90.23% presenting with opportunistic infections. At week 24, the overall virological suppression rate was 79.89% (139/174). The suppression rate was 75.89% in TN patients and 87.10% in TE patients. From baseline, the median CD4 count increased by 115.50 cells/μL in the TN group and 89.00 cells/μL in the TE group (both <i>p</i> < .05). Treatment-related adverse events (AEs) occurred in only 5.17% of patients, all were mild-to-moderate, and no injection-site reactions were reported. No significant differences in efficacy or safety were found between the ABT + DTG and ABT + DTG/3TC regimens. In a real-world setting, ABT-based regimens containing DTG (with or without 3TC) demonstrated high efficacy and excellent safety in hospitalized people with advanced AIDS, supporting its use in this difficult-to-treat population.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":"8892229261394656"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148705462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceived Ethical Risks of HIV Phylogenetic Research: Insights from Professional Stakeholders in Uganda.","authors":"Farirai Mutenherwa, Tom Lutalo, Ronald M Galiwango, Jennifer Brophy Feltes, Jade Jackson, Oliver Laeyendecker, Nelson K Sewankambo, Jeremy Sugarman, Mary Kate Grabowski","doi":"10.1177/08892229261455943","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08892229261455943","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>HIV phylogenetics is a powerful tool for elucidating HIV transmission dynamics, but ethical concerns have been raised about its use. We conducted a cross-sectional online survey among HIV professional stakeholders in Uganda to explore their knowledge of HIV phylogenetics and associated ethical considerations. Thirty-two participants completed the survey. 87% correctly defined HIV phylogenetics, but some were unable to recognize potential individual harms associated with HIV phylogenetic research (HPR). The most common individual and societal harms of HPR recognized were identification as an HIV transmission source 25 (78%; 95% CI, 61-89%) and marginalization of certain groups 27 (84%; 95% CI, 68-93%), respectively. Most strongly agreed that obtaining community assent 17 (53%; 95% CI, 36-69%) and specific informed consent for viral sequences used in HPR 20 (63%; 95% CI, 45-77%) were critical. Risks associated with HPR appear to be incompletely understood, underscoring the need to raise awareness of them among various professional stakeholders.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":"260-263"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148142435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of a Complex HIV-1 Circulating Recombinant Form (CRF203_cpx) Originating from Three Main Circulating Recombinant Forms in China.","authors":"Min Chen, Huichao Chen, Yanling Ma, Wenfei Ding, Manhong Jia","doi":"10.1177/08892229261463834","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08892229261463834","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Yunnan Province is recognized as a hotspot for the emergence of HIV-1 recombinant forms due to its complex epidemiological history. This study identified a novel circulating recombinant form (CRF) of HIV-1 in the region, designated as CRF203_cpx. Near-full-length genome sequences were obtained from three individuals infected through heterosexual contact in Wenshan Prefecture, an area located near the border with Vietnam. These sequences formed a distinct monophyletic clade with strong bootstrap support, separate from all known subtypes and CRFs. The genome of this strain can be divided into 14 subregions: S1, S4, S7, and S8 were derived from CRF55_01B; S2, S11, and S13 from CRF07_BC; and S3, S5, S6, and S12 from CRF01_AE. S9, S10 and S14 were likely derived from recombination between CRF01_AE and CRF55_01B. Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo analysis indicated that CRF203_cpx emerged between 2018 and 2021. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that a complex CRF comprising three CRFs (CRF01_AE, CRF07_BC, and CRF55_01B) has been definitively identified in China. This reveals the dynamic process by which circulating strains accumulate evolutionary changes through multilevel recombination, raising new considerations for current surveillance and control strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":"270-274"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148374308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluctuating Immune Reconstitution and Delayed HIV-1 DNA Decline in People Living with HIV with Low CD4 on Bictegravir-Based Therapy.","authors":"Jin Li, Minghua Zhou, Huizhuan Guo, Lishan Huang, Qingsong Qi, Qingyang Zhong, Huijun Zhong, Yanhao Wang, Meina Tian, Wenjie Xu, Wenrui Li, Wanxia Li","doi":"10.1177/08892229261468110","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08892229261468110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This prospective cohort study compared the efficacy of bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (BIC/FTC/TAF) and tenofovir/lamivudine/efavirenz (TLE) regimens in 88 treatment-naïve persons living with HIV. The BIC regimen achieved faster HIV-1 RNA suppression at week 12, with comparable suppression thereafter. Regarding HIV-1 DNA, the TLE group exhibited a more rapid decline, largely attributable to its higher baseline levels, while both groups converged to comparable levels at week 48; this difference was no longer significant after adjusting for baseline HIV-1 DNA levels. Notably, the BIC group had significantly lower baseline CD4⁺ counts, reflecting the real-world inclusion of individuals with more advanced disease. Cluster analysis within the BIC group revealed three distinct DNA decay trajectories. A subset of individuals with the lowest baseline CD4⁺ counts (Cluster 1, <i>n</i> = 16) showed stable HIV-1 DNA through week 48 followed by significant decline only after 72 weeks, with CD4/CD8 ratio recovery preceding the decline. The early DNA plateau may reflect the interplay between immune reconstitution and viral reservoir dynamics. These findings suggest that baseline immune status influences early viral reservoir dynamics and that the timing of reservoir reduction may be linked to immune restoration, highlighting the heterogeneity of integrase inhibitor responses and the potential value of baseline immune assessment in guiding individualized management.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":"253-259"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148410160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Conserved Natural Killer Cell Transcriptional Fingerprint in Rhesus Macaque Models of Acute Viral Infections.","authors":"Andrew Hudson, Kyle Kroll, Benjamin Bimber, Brady Hueber, Griffin Woolley, R Keith Reeves","doi":"10.1177/08892229261460539","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08892229261460539","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Natural killer (NK) cell activation and function are controlled by highly complex transcriptional programs. To leverage NK cells against human immunodeficiency virus and other diseases, a more complete understanding of signaling and metabolic dynamics is needed. In this study, we utilize a rhesus macaque (RM) model to define the transcriptomic profile of NK cells during acute lentiviral infection and to map the changes in this profile as infection progresses to the early chronic phase. Using a novel summary gene set for NK cell cytokine stimulation, we report synchronous metabolic and signaling transcriptional patterns that underlie established features of NK cell dysfunction. Assessing gene expression induced by the SARS-CoV-2 challenge allowed us to confirm a set of core conserved gene pathways central to RM NK cell activation across diverse acute viral contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":"249-252"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13283060/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148215951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Near Full-Length Genome Characterization of a Novel Second-Generation HIV-1 CRF01_AE/CRF07_BC Recombinant Identified in an MSM Individual in Guizhou, China.","authors":"Zhangwen Ge, Dan Liu, Hengzhi Zhong, Zhijie Niu, Haiyan Zhang, Qifeng Li, Jinding Zheng","doi":"10.1177/08892229261463837","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08892229261463837","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The cocirculation of CRF01_AE and CRF07_BC among men who have sex with men (MSM) in China may facilitate the emergence of genetically complex HIV-1 recombinants. Here, we identified and characterized a novel second-generation HIV-1 CRF01_AE/CRF07_BC recombinant, designated GY0192, from a 25-year-old MSM individual in Guiyang, Guizhou Province, southwest China, using near full-length genome (NFLG) analysis. Recombination analyses identified four breakpoints at HXB2 positions 3,125, 5,687, 6,375, and 9,176, generating a distinct five-segment mosaic genome. Subregion phylogenetic analyses showed that the two CRF01_AE-derived fragments clustered with the CRF01_AE cluster 5 lineage, while all three CRF07_BC-derived fragments grouped with CRF07_BC lineages frequently circulating among MSM in China, indicating that both parental components of GY0192 were phylogenetically related to lineages frequently reported among MSM populations in China. The virus was also predicted to be CCR5-tropic, adding epidemiological relevance because CCR5-tropic viruses are commonly involved in transmission and early infection. Together, these findings identify GY0192 as a distinct CRF01_AE/CRF07_BC mosaic and suggest that cocirculating MSM-associated HIV-1 lineages may provide opportunities for interlineage recombination. This case expands the known spectrum of CRF01_AE/CRF07_BC recombinants in Guizhou and underscores the value of NFLG-based surveillance for detecting underrecognized HIV-1 genetic complexity in southwest China.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":"264-269"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148306537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolving Indications and Diagnostic Spectrum of Bone Marrow Examination in People with HIV During the Antiretroviral Therapy Era: A 6-Year Retrospective Study.","authors":"Jinglan Lai, Yahong Chen","doi":"10.1177/08892229261460535","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08892229261460535","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the widespread use of antiretroviral therapy, the clinical spectrum among people with HIV has evolved significantly. This study aims to investigate the dynamic changes in the primary indications and final diagnostic spectrum of bone marrow examinations in this population. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 154 hospitalized individuals with HIV who underwent bone marrow examination at Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, the largest designated HIV/AIDS care hospital in Southeast China, from September 2019 to December 2025. Demographic, laboratory, and pathological data were collected, and participants were stratified into tumor and nontumor groups based on final diagnosis for comparative analysis. Among the indications for bone marrow examination, the proportion of procedures performed due to cytopenia decreased from 55.55% in 2019 to 17.86% in 2025. Conversely, the proportion performed for suspected hematological malignancy or to assess tumor marrow infiltration increased significantly from 11.11% to 60.71%. Final diagnoses revealed that the proportion of malignant tumors increased from 11.11% to 53.57%, whereas the proportion of opportunistic infections showed a declining trend. The Cochran-Armitage trend test confirmed that the proportion of opportunistic infections decreased significantly (<i>p</i> = .002), while the proportion of malignancies increased significantly (<i>p</i> = .002). Compared to the nontumor group, individuals in the tumor group were older, had significantly higher proportions receiving antiretroviral therapy, higher rates of HIV RNA suppression, as well as significantly higher CD4⁺ T-cell counts, CD8⁺ T-cell counts, lymphocyte counts, platelet counts, and lactate dehydrogenase levels. Our findings demonstrate that the clinical indications for bone marrow examination in people with HIV have shifted from the evaluation of traditional opportunistic infections and unexplained cytopenia toward the diagnosis and staging of malignant tumors, particularly hematological malignancies. These results suggest that in the contemporary management of HIV, greater emphasis should be placed on screening for malignancies.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":"243-248"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148222548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms Related to the COVID-19 Pandemic in Persons Living and Aging with HIV.","authors":"Sharon Walmsley, Majid Mabipoor, Alan Wai, Curtis Cooper, Bryan Boyachuk, Mona Loutfy, Marina Klein","doi":"10.1177/08892229261472161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08892229261472161","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The COVID-19 pandemic was an event involving an actual threat of death, serious injury, or harm to the integrity of self or others, which could have served as a precipitant for unmasking symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Persons living with HIV and those with hepatitis C (HCV) coinfection could be at increased risk of PTSD symptoms after a traumatic event, given their lifetime experiences of trauma, stigma, poverty, mental health conditions, and substance use. We measured PTSD symptoms at three time points during the COVID-19 pandemic using a 17-item questionnaire in two established cohorts of persons living with HIV in Canada-those with HCV coinfection and those aging with HIV-groups at risk for having symptoms. We found that twice as many persons in the HCV coinfection cohort had moderate to severe PTSD symptoms at baseline relative to the aging cohort (49% vs. 25%) and that these percentages remained high in the coinfection cohort but declined in the aging cohort with time. Notably, those who self-reported depression had increased rates of PTSD symptoms over time. Our data points to the potential long-lasting impact that the COVID-19 pandemic or other traumatic events could have on the mental health of persons living with HIV and those with coinfection, especially among those with underlying depression. We stress the need for increased awareness and management strategies of vulnerable groups during times of trauma.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":"8892229261472161"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148576474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}