AIDS research and human retroviruses最新文献

{"title":"Identification of Two Novel HIV-1 Unique Recombinant Forms Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Northern China.","authors":"Huan Li, Qi Guo, Yi Feng, Lingjie Liao, Qi Li, Hui Xing, Zheng Wang","doi":"10.1089/aid.2024.0131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/aid.2024.0131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although HIV-1 infection has now become a treatable chronic condition and not the deadly illness it once was, the costs of that treatment are substantial, and each infection prevented saves both financial and other costs. In China, the most predominant subtypes are CRF07_BC, CRF01_AE, and CRF55_01B, and the various second-generation recombinants are produced from the recombination between these subtypes. HIV full-length genome sequences can provide important information on their epidemiology. In this study, we identified two unique recombinant forms (URFs) designated as JLCC230106 and XJWQ230011, which are composed of CRF01_AE/CRF07_BC and CRF07_BC/CRF55_01B, respectively. Phylogenetic and recombinant analyses utilizing near-full-length genome (NFLG) confirmed that these URFs originated from CRF01_AE/CRF07_BC and CRF07_BC/CRF55_01B strains. The emergence of novel recombinants is increasing the genetic diversity of HIV in China. This information can be shared with clinicians, human behavior specialists, or public health policymakers and used as an aid in discovering which methods are best or most cost-effective in combating the spread of HIV.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144075424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Benefit of a Conservative Treatment for High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Lesions in Patients with HIV.","authors":"Jesús Joaquín Hijona Elósegui, Antonio Luis Carballo García, Ana Cristina Fernández Rísquez, Jesús Carlos Presa Lorite, Gabriel Fiol Ruiz","doi":"10.1089/aid.2024.0067","DOIUrl":"10.1089/aid.2024.0067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) shows a higher risk of infection by human papillomavirus (HPV). We aim to provide evidence about the effect of a <i>Coriolus versicolor</i>-based vaginal gel (Papilocare®) for treating HPV in women with HIV. Women ≥25 years coinfected by endocervical HPV and with low-grade abnormal cervicovaginal cytology were treated for 6 months with Papilocare in this observational, prospective, noncontrolled pilot study. Cytology, colposcopy, biopsy, hybrid capture test, and 5-point Likert scale were assessed to evaluate cervical lesions repair, HPV clearance, and changes in cervical reepithelization, respectively, at 6 months. Fifteen patients (25-54 years) were included. Overall HPV clearance and cytological normalization rates were 73.3% and 80.0%, respectively, and 55.6% of the abnormal colposcopies were normalized. Reepithelialization index improved in 66.7% of cases. Papilocare may be effective for managing endocervical HPV infection in patients living with HIV.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":"233-240"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142942479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Dynamic Viral Rebound and Longitudinal Measures of Viral Load/CD4 Counts Among People with HIV in South Carolina.","authors":"Yunqing Ma, Jiajia Zhang, Jiayang Xiao, Xueying Yang, Sharon Weissman, Xiaoming Li, Bankole Olatosi","doi":"10.1089/aid.2024.0035","DOIUrl":"10.1089/aid.2024.0035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Monitoring HIV viral rebound (VR) is crucial, as it indicates an increased risk of infection, transmission, disease progression, and drug resistance. This study aims to identify the association between dynamic VR and historical viral load (VL)/CD4 count measures. Fifteen-year South Carolina population-based electronic health record data were used for the study. VR was defined as the return of detectable levels of VL (>200 copies/mL) after stable viral suppression (VS) (two consecutive VS, i.e., VL ≤200 copies/mL). A generalized linear mixed model was used to evaluate the association between dynamic VR and historical time-dependent predictors, such as nadir CD4 count and comorbidities, within a year prior to each VR. Subgroup analysis for men who have sex with men (MSM) was also conducted. Among 8,185 people with HIV (PWH), 1,173 (14.3%) had a history of VR. Lower nadir CD4 count (≥500 vs. <200 cells/µL; adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 0.51, 95% confidence interval [CI]: [0.43, 0.60]), younger age (>60 years old vs. 18-30 years old; aOR: 0.43, 95% CI: [0.29, 0.63]), and being Black (Black vs. White; aOR: 1.58, 95% CI: [1.34, 1.85]) were associated with a higher risk of VR, while MSM (MSM vs. heterosexual; aOR: 0.81, 95% CI: [0.67, 0.96]) were associated with decreased VR risk. The rate of VR among PWH in South Carolina is significant. Within-1-year VL/CD4 test is critical for identifying PWH at risk for VR. Tailored interventions are needed for PWH at risk for VR to achieve sustained suppression and better health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":"253-262"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142833317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lessons Learned in Eliciting Systematic Participant Perspectives in a Combination HIV Cure Research Trial.","authors":"Karine Dubé, Hursch Patel, Steven Meanley, Lynda Dee, Anastasia Korolkova, Fang Wan, Shadi Eskaf, Meghann Williams, Rebecca Hoh, Steven G Deeks, Michael J Peluso, Jeremy Sugarman, John A Sauceda","doi":"10.1089/aid.2024.0086","DOIUrl":"10.1089/aid.2024.0086","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Current trials toward an HIV cure involve combination strategies aimed at achieving durable antiretroviral treatment (ART)-free viral control or HIV elimination, many relying on analytical treatment interruptions (ATIs) to evaluate efficacy. Given the physical, psychosocial, and interpersonal risks associated with ATIs, it is critical to monitor participants' experiences so that support can be provided when needed. While qualitative approaches have been used in similar settings, we designed and implemented a series of short, closed-ended participant surveys in the University of California, San Francisco-amfAR trial, a single-arm multi-intervention HIV cure-related trial with an extended ATI. Surveys were administered at relevant trial timepoints to capture participants' (<i>n</i> = 10) perspectives and experiences. These included their understanding of the trial, motivations, expectations, perceived risks, benefits, and burdens of trial participation, as well as their perspectives on restarting ART and partner protections. We describe these data using descriptive statistics and summarize lessons learned from implementing quantitative surveys in this complex trial. Our data indicate that all respondents understood the scientific goals and requirements of participating in the trial. Most were motivated to help advance research but many expressed anxiety about participating. During the trial, respondents had limited side effects, discomfort, and trial burnout. Those who completed surveys at ART restart reported mixed (positive and negative) feelings and challenges (e.g., missed doses) when restarting ART. Participants offered various methods for partner protection during ATIs and at ART restart. Many respondents expressed future willingness to participate in a similar HIV cure trial. While the number of respondents was small, these findings are consistent with concerns identified in guidance regarding these types of trials as well as qualitative findings from earlier studies. Moreover, we demonstrated that it is feasible to implement quantitative evaluations of participants' experiences. Such approaches should be implemented in future HIV cure trials to optimize human-centered research implementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":"241-252"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143187945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acceptability of a Smartphone-Based Music Intervention for Chronic Pain and Problematic Opioid Use Among People with HIV: A Mixed-Methods Pilot Study.","authors":"Georgia R Goodman, Demario S Overstreet, Jenna M Wilson, Conall O'Cleirigh, Edward W Boyer, Samantha M Meints, S Wade Taylor, Kenneth H Mayer, Kristin L Schreiber, Peter R Chai","doi":"10.1089/aid.2024.0072","DOIUrl":"10.1089/aid.2024.0072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic pain can be complicated by problematic opioid use, which may decrease engagement in care and HIV medication adherence. Pain-related anxiety and catastrophic thinking augment pain severity and interference while driving increased substance use. The acceptability and effect of a music-based smartphone application on negative affect and catastrophic thinking were evaluated in a mixed-methods study among persons living with HIV (PWH) with problematic opioid use and chronic pain. Participants (<i>N</i> = 16) completed a 10-min music listening session, quantitative assessment<i>,</i> and qualitative interview. Paired sample <i>t</i>-tests compared pre- and post-test scores of negative affect (Profile of Mood States-Short Form) and pain catastrophizing (Situational Pain Catastrophizing Scale) before and after music. Qualitative data were analyzed using within-case, across-case analysis. Negative affect significantly decreased after the music listening session (pre 8.3 ± 6.7 vs. post 1.8 ± 2.6; <i>p</i> = .0003), as did pain catastrophizing (pre 8.5 ± 4.3 vs. post 2.5 ± 3.4; <i>p</i> < .0001). Qualitatively, participants (<i>n</i> = 14) viewed the app-based music listening session as acceptable and potentially useful as an intervention or adjuvant for pain management and reduction of opioid use. Overall, a brief exposure to a novel music app produced significant improvements in negative affect and pain-related catastrophic thoughts among PWH with problematic opioid use and chronic pain. Future work should further explore the effects of music on pain and the use of illicit substances more broadly in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":"263-273"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142875915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Near Full-Length Genomic Characterization of a Novel HIV-1 Unique Recombinant (A1/D/K) from an Immigrant Worker in China Using Nanopore Sequencing.","authors":"Haibo Wang, Huina Huang, Weigang Li, Cheng Yuan, Ying Su, Xiaojian Zhou, Xinbin Chen, Yuxiang Huang","doi":"10.1089/aid.2024.0108","DOIUrl":"10.1089/aid.2024.0108","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recombination contributes substantially to the genetic diversity of HIV-1. Here we reported a novel HIV-1 recombinant detected from a Chinese labor who had been to Uganda as an immigrant worker using nanopore sequencing. Near full-length genome (NFLG) phylogenetic analysis showed that the novel HIV-1 recombinant HIV-sd1801 stood in a distinct branch between the CRF130_A1B/CRF131_A1B and CRF50_A1D/CRF84_A1D reference sequences. Recombinant analysis showed that the NFLG of HIV-sd1801 was composed of subtypes A1, D, and K, with 19 recombinant breakpoints observed in the <i>gag, pol, tat, rev, vpu, env,</i> and <i>nef</i> regions. This is the first detection of a novel HIV-1 recombinant (A1/D/K) in immigrant workers in China, which indicated the continuous evolution of HIV-1 among this population and underscored the importance of continuous surveillance of the dynamic changes of HIV-1.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":"274-278"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143045493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sequence Notes: Characterization of Two Novel HIV-1 Unique Recombinant Forms (CRF01_AE/B) in Hebei Province.","authors":"Zhen Zhang, Yuchen Zhang, Juan Meng, Weiguang Fan, Jianru Jia, Sisi Chen, Haoxi Shi","doi":"10.1089/aid.2024.0122","DOIUrl":"10.1089/aid.2024.0122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Many new circulating recombinant forms (CRFs) and unique recombinant forms (URFs) of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) have been discovered in populations with multiple circulating HIV-1 genotypes. In this study, we report two novel URFs derived from two individuals who were HIV-1 positive in Hebei, China, who were infected through homosexual (BDD142) and heterosexual (BDD154) contact. Phylogenetic and recombinant analyses of the two NFLG revealed that they are second-generation recombinant strains originating from the CRF01_AE cluster 4/B and CRF01_AE cluster 5/B strains. The BDD142 viral genome consists of a subtype B fragment inserted into a CRF01_AE backbone, whereas the BDD154 virus genome consists of two subtype B fragments inserted into a CRF01_AE backbone. Prompt monitoring of molecular epidemiological shifts of HIV-1 within sexually transmitted populations and enhanced behavioral interventions targeting this group are imperative to mitigate the spread of HIV-1 effectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":"279-284"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143057777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"Sometimes They Exclude Us because of Our Age-That's Not Right\": Perceptions of HIV Cure Research Among Diverse Long-Term Survivors in the United States.","authors":"Ali Ahmed, Jeff Taylor, Sithara Deshan Diunugala, Rachel Lau, Joyce Ching-Jung Lai, Michael Louella, Jeff Berry, Tricia H Burdo, Michael J Peluso, Lynda Dee, Karine Dubé","doi":"10.1089/aid.2024.0117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/aid.2024.0117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>HIV cure research has advanced, utilizing analytical treatment interruption (ATI) as a research tool alongside therapeutic strategies such as latency-reversing agents, block and lock strategies, immune-based therapies, cell and gene therapies, and combination approaches to overcome viral persistence. While promising, participation in cure trials remains limited, particularly for long-term survivors (LTS) who have lived with HIV for decades. Many LTS are willing to participate but face barriers such as age-based exclusions, comorbidities, and trial design constraints. With over half of the people with HIV in the United States aged 50 or older, addressing these barriers is crucial to designing inclusive, equitable, and representative cure trials. We conducted 32 semi-structured interviews with LTS of HIV, aged 60 years and older, recruited through community-based organizations and research networks across the United States. Participants were diverse in age, sex, gender, race, and ethnicity. We transcribed, anonymized, and analyzed interviews thematically. Most participants expressed a willingness to participate in HIV cure research, driven by a sense of responsibility and hope for future generations. However, concerns were raised about age-based exclusions from HIV cure trials, which many participants viewed as unjust given their long-term experience with HIV and commitment to finding a cure that could potentially benefit people of their age. Additional concerns included the risks of ATIs, such as viral rebound and the development of viral resistance, along with logistical challenges, including transportation and invasiveness of certain procedures. Despite these barriers, most LTS indicated they would participate in HIV cure trials if researchers addressed their concerns about safety, accessibility, and inclusion. LTS emphasized the need for transparent communication, clear informed consent, and flexible trial designs that accommodate their needs. By addressing these concerns, researchers can engage LTS more meaningfully in HIV cure research, enriching the field and promoting more inclusive and ethical study designs.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143972142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of a Novel Second-Generation HIV-1 Circulating Recombinant Form (CRF174_0708) Arising from CRF07_BC and CRF08_BC in Yunnan, China.","authors":"Min Chen, Huichao Chen, Jie Dai, Lijuan Dong, Yanling Ma, Manhong Jia, Wenfei Ding","doi":"10.1089/aid.2025.0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/aid.2025.0022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Extraordinary HIV-1 recombination is occurring in China. Here, a novel second-generation circulating recombinant form (CRF174_0708) was found in Yunnan Province, China. First, Bootscanning revealed a mosaic structure with three subtype B segments inserted into a subtype C backbone. However, phylogenetic analysis showed that subregions 2B (2978-3267) and 4B (6023-6196) were related to CRF07_BC, whereas subregion 6B (8846-8997) was related to CRF08_BC, suggesting that the sequences could be recombined from CRF07_BC and CRF08_BC. Furthermore, Bootscanning-guided partitioning with subregion-specific phylogenetic analysis confirmed that subregions I (790-1902), III (2636-3746), V (4327-5825), VII (6023-6196) and IX (6379-6782) from CRF07_BC, and subregions II (1903-2635), IV (3747-4326), VI (5826-6022), VIII (6197-6378) and XI (7463-9512) from CRF08_BC. Bayesian dating traced the emergence to 2005-2007, consistent with the expansion of the parental strains. This discovery advanced our understanding of HIV-1 evolution.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143956847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sequence Notes: Identification of Two New CRF01_AE/CRF07_BC Recombinants in Men Who Have Sex with Men Populations in Beijing, China.","authors":"Miao Yu, Xiaorui Wang, Lei Jia, Jingwan Han, Hanping Li, Xiaolin Wang, Bohan Zhang, Jingyun Li, Yongjian Liu, Hongling Wen, Lin Li","doi":"10.1089/aid.2024.0098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/aid.2024.0098","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since HIV-1 is a retrovirus with a high mutation rate and recombination rate, the virus contains a variety of genotypes and recombinants. The men who have sex with men (MSM) population in Beijing has become the main group of HIV transmission, and the co-transmission of multiple HIV-1 subtypes in the same high-risk group has led to the continuous generation of recombinants between various subtypes. In this study, two unique recombinant forms were identified in the samples from Beijing, and the full-length sequences were amplified and sequenced for analysis. Through the construction of phylogenetic trees and recombination breakpoint analysis, the two recombinants were identified as second-generation recombinants composed of CRF01_AE and CRF07_BC. The emergence of more complex recombinant strains poses new challenges to HIV prevention, and it is necessary to focus on monitoring the epidemic in the MSM population.</p>","PeriodicalId":7544,"journal":{"name":"AIDS research and human retroviruses","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143963614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}