American journal of dentistry最新文献

{"title":"Laboratory evaluation of mixed-species biofilm formation by Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus casei on three dental resin-based restorative materials.","authors":"Clint Conner, Parveez Ahmed AbdulAzees, Xiao-Dong Chen, Chih-Ko Yeh, Franklin Garcia-Godoy","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the biofilm-forming potential of mixed-species bacteria on three commercially available dental restorative composites and compare their resistance to biofilm accumulation. Given the increasing emphasis on bioactive and fluoride-releasing materials in caries prevention, the study specifically assessed the difference between restorative with and without fluoride content.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Three restorative materials, Activa (bioactive fluoride releasing), Filtek Bulk Fill (non-fluoride releasing) and TPH (non-fluoride containing) were tested in the laboratory. Standardized resin-discs were fabricated, saliva-coated to simulate oral conditions, and inoculated with a 1:1 mixed culture of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus casei. Biofilm development was assessed at 24- and 48-hours using colony forming unit (CFU) quantification. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test (α= 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant differences in biofilm accumulation were observed among materials at both points (P< 0.05). TPH exhibited the highest CFU counts at 24 hours (0.24 ± 0.03 x 10⁷ CFU/mL) and 48 hours (1.07 ± 0.12 x 10⁷ CFU/mL). In contrast, Activa and Filtek showed significantly lower biofilm formation at both points (24 hours: 0.093 ± 0.05 x 10⁷ CFU/mL; 48 hours: 0.47 ± 0.31 and 0.53 ± 0.12 x 10⁷ CFU/mL, respectively), with no significant difference between them.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>The restorative materials tested demonstrated varying degrees of resistance to biofilm formation. Activa and Filtek showed reduced biofilm accumulation compared to TPH at both early and mature stages of growth. The selection of restorative materials should consider their potential to resist bacterial colonization, especially in high-caries-risk patients and restorations placed near gingival margins.</p>","PeriodicalId":7538,"journal":{"name":"American journal of dentistry","volume":"39 3","pages":"117-120"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148175279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A randomized controlled clinical evaluation of anti-gingivitis and desensitizing efficacy of a newly developed toothpaste with zinc chloride and oriental herb extract.","authors":"Kyo Tae Moon, Jong Hyun Lim, Kyeonghee Oh, Wonho Ha, Min-Jewong Cho, Kyu-Hwan Lee","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the efficacy of a novel toothpaste formulation containing potassium phosphates, zinc chloride, and botanical extracts in managing periodontal conditions and dentin hypersensitivity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A single-center, double-blind, randomized controlled trial was conducted over 4 weeks with 97 participants aged 30 years and older, all experiencing dentin hypersensitivity. Participants were randomly assigned to three groups: a negative control group using standard toothpaste, an experimental group using the test toothpaste with conventional brushing, and another experimental group using the test toothpaste with topical application followed by brushing. Efficacy was assessed by measuring plaque deposition with the Patient Hygiene Performance (PHP) Index, gingival health with the Gingival Index (GI) and the Papillary, Marginal, and Attached gingival inflammation index, and dentin hypersensitivity with an electric pulp tester (EPT). Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 25.5, with analysis of variance and paired t-tests to compare results across groups and time points.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The topical application followed by brushing method (Group 3) demonstrated significantly greater efficacy in reducing dentin hypersensitivity, plaque accumulation, and gingival inflammation than both the control group and the conventional brushing group (Group 2). After 4 weeks, Group 3 demonstrated a 38.7% reduction in plaque index scores and a 50.8% reduction in GI scores, significantly outperforming the control group. For dentin hypersensitivity, Group 3 exhibited a 10.8% immediate desensitization effect, which was statistically significant compared with the control group. Questionnaire responses indicated higher satisfaction and perceived improvements in gingival health and sensitivity reduction in Group 3. These findings suggest that prolonging the contact time of active ingredients through delayed brushing enhances therapeutic outcomes for both dentin hypersensitivity and periodontal disease management.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>The modified application method of the newly developed toothpaste exhibited significantly greater reductions in plaque accumulation, gingival inflammation, and dentin hypersensitivity than the control and conventional brushing methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":7538,"journal":{"name":"American journal of dentistry","volume":"39 3","pages":"139-145"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148175184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of pre-diagnostic stain removal on the detection of occlusal fissure caries: A laboratory study.","authors":"Merve Kocuk, Dilan Kopuz, Semsi Alp, Ozlem Kanar, Ozlem Ercin, Bora Korkut, Pinar Yilmaz Atali, Dilek Tagtekin, Funda Yanikoglu","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the laboratory cleaning efficacy of six commonly used non-invasive methods for removing stains from occlusal fissures before caries diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>60 extracted, caries-free permanent molars with visible occlusal staining were divided into six groups (n= 10): AquaCare air abrasion, Kerr prophylactic paste, Whiteness HP (35% H₂O₂), HealOzone, oxygenated water + pumice, and Opalustre. All samples were analyzed pre- and post-treatment using a dental microscope, Diagnodent Pen, QLF imaging (Qraypen), 3D Geomagic Control X software for volumetric evaluation and photo editing software for pixel evaluation. Statistical analyses were performed with Kruskal-Wallis and the Friedman's two-way ANOVA test (P< 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All methods significantly reduced surface discoloration (P< 0.05). AquaCare showed the least residual staining, while HealOzone had the highest (P= 0.043). Volumetric analysis revealed no intergroup enamel loss (P> 0.05), although a significant change was noted in the Whiteness HP group (P= 0.017). QLF parameters (ΔF and ΔQ) improved significantly in Aquacare, HealOzone, and Opalustre (P< 0.05). Diagnodent Pen readings decreased significantly in the Aquacare, Kerr paste, HealOzone, and oxygenated water + pumice groups (P< 0.05). All tested methods effectively removed fissure stains without causing measurable enamel loss. HealOzone, Aquacare, and Opalustre demonstrated the most balanced performance, combining high cleaning efficacy with minimal surface alteration. The findings emphasize the value of multimodal, minimally invasive approaches for optimizing diagnostic accuracy in occlusal fissure caries detection.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>When making a caries indication, the staining of the fissures may affect the accuracy of the indication, but the most minimally invasive method should be preferred to clean the stained fissures.</p>","PeriodicalId":7538,"journal":{"name":"American journal of dentistry","volume":"39 3","pages":"146-152"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148175198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface hardness ratios and surface roughness of bulk-fill resin composites following different heating protocols.","authors":"Dilan Kopuz, Õzlem Ercçin, Merve Kocuk, Elif Alkan, Bora Korkut, Dilek Tağtekin, Funda Yanikoğlu","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the impact of preheating on the physical properties of bulk-fill resin composites, with a particular focus on microhardness and surface roughness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, seven bulk-fill resin composites (SonicFill 3, Opus Bulk-Fill Flow, Opus Bulk-Fill, Metafil Bulk-Fill, Tetric PowerFlow, Tetric N-Ceram, and Estelite Bulk-Fill Flow) and one conventional resin composite (Filtek Z250) were tested. Specimens were divided into two main groups: Group 1 (preheated 68°C for 10 minutes) and Group 2 (stored at room temperature). For each group, five disc-shaped resin composites (4 mm thickness x 5 mm diameter) were prepared. Each bulk-fill resin composite was applied in a single increment, whereas Filtek Z250 was placed in the molds in 2 mm layers. To complete the polymerization, the samples were kept in distilled water at 37°C for 24 hours. Then, the surfaces of the samples were polished with Twist Dia (Clearfil) polishing discs to imitate the finishing and polishing processes. Baseline microhardness and surface roughness values were measured. Subsequently, specimens underwent artificial aging simulating 2 years of clinical use (10,000 brushing cycles + 1,200 thermal cycles). Post-aging measurements were repeated, and statistical analyses were conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant differences in microhardness values were observed among the experimental groups for all restorative materials, except for Estelite Bulk-Fill Flow (P> 0.05). The highest bottom-to-top hardness ratio was found in both preheated and non-preheated Opus Bulk-Fill Flow, while the lowest was observed in preheated Tetric PowerFlow. Microhardness generally decreased with depth, and the impact of preheating varied among materials. Post-aging surface roughness increased in all groups. Preheated Metafil Bulk-Fill exhibited the highest surface roughness, whereas Estelite Bulk-Fill Flow (both preheated and non-preheated) showed the lowest. Preheating reduced viscosity and enhanced microhardness in certain resin composites but also increased surface roughness over time. The effects of preheating are material-dependent due to compositional differences.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>Preheating may improve handling and selected properties of resin composites; however, its long-term effects should be considered when selecting materials for clinical use.</p>","PeriodicalId":7538,"journal":{"name":"American journal of dentistry","volume":"39 3","pages":"160-164"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148175091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of different surface treatments on the repair bond strength of flowable single-shade bulk-fill composites.","authors":"Betül Kübra Kurucu Karadeniz, İbrahim Doğan","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To assess how various surface treatment methods affect the repair shear bond strength (SBS) of flowable single-shade bulk-fill composite resins.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>200 composite discs were fabricated using a nanohybrid composite (GrandioSo, VOCO) to simulate aged restorations. All specimens underwent 5,000 thermal cycles to mimic oral aging. Five different surface treatment approaches were tested: no treatment (control), diamond bur abrasion, phosphoric acid etching, Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation, and silane application. After treatment, three flowable single-shade bulk-fill composites: Omnichroma Flow Bulk (Tokuyama Dental), SimpliShade Bulk Fill Flow (Kerr), and Charisma Bulk Flow ONE (Kulzer) were bonded onto the aged surfaces using a universal adhesive (Tokuyama Universal Bond). SBS was measured with a universal testing machine, and failure modes were examined under a stereomicroscope. Statistical analyses were conducted with robust ANOVA and chi-square tests (α= 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both resin composite type and the surface treatment protocol, as well as their interaction, had significant effects on SBS values (P< 0.001). Among the tested groups, the highest SBS was recorded for GrandioSo combined with silane treatment (23.85 MPa), while the lowest was found for Charisma Bulk Flow ONE after acid etching (10.8 MPa). Silane application resulted in significantly greater SBS compared to other treatments (P< 0.001). Adhesive failures were most prevalent in the acid and control groups, whereas laser and silane groups displayed more cohesive and mixed failures.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>Effective surface conditioning is essential for durable and predictable composite repairs. Silane application and Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation significantly improved the repair bond strength of flowable single-shade bulk-fill composites, whereas phosphoric acid etching alone was insufficient.</p>","PeriodicalId":7538,"journal":{"name":"American journal of dentistry","volume":"39 3","pages":"153-159"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148175250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical trial of essential oil-based dentifrices for denture cleaning and patient satisfaction.","authors":"Arthur Am E Silva, Lorena M Clemente, Adriana B Ribeiro, Viviane D C Oliveira, Ana P Macedo, Evandro Watanabe, Cláudia H Silva-Lovato","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This randomized, controlled, crossover, and triple-blind clinical trial evaluated the antibiofilm action and patient acceptance of four experimental dentifrices with essential oils at 1%.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants (n= 24) selected based on eligibility criteria were randomly assigned to five groups: a positive control (chloramine T dentifrice), Melaleuca alternifolia (Ma), Pinus strobus (Ps), Bowdichia virgilioides Kunth (BvK), or Eucalyptus citriodora (Ec). They brushed their dentures three times/day with the provided brush and dentifrice for 14 days. A 7-day washout was established between each dentifrice use. Biofilm removal (computerized method), microbial load of Candida spp., Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Candida glabrata, Staphylococcus spp., Mutans streptococci, gram-negative bacteria, and total aerobes (colony-forming unit counting), cellular metabolism (XTT-assay), cell viability (flow cytometry), and patient satisfaction (questionnaire) were evaluated at baseline and after use of the dentifrices. Data were analyzed using Friedman's ANOVA and Cochran's Q Test for related samples (α= 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The amount of biofilm (P= 0.004) and the microbial load of C. albicans (P= 0.003) were significantly lower after the use of the dentifrices compared to baseline. The dentifrices did not significantly affect cell viability (P= 0.170) or cellular metabolism (P= 0.814). No significant differences in patient acceptance were found between the experimental dentifrices and the positive control. Experimental dentifrices with 1% Melaleuca alternifolia, Pinus strobus, Bowdichia virgilioides Kunth, and Eucalyptus citriodora effectively cleaned dentures, reduced C. albicans load, and were well accepted by users.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>Essential oil-based dentifrices effectively remove denture biofilm and reduce Candida albicans load, providing a natural and sustainable alternative to synthetic agents while being well accepted by users.</p>","PeriodicalId":7538,"journal":{"name":"American journal of dentistry","volume":"39 3","pages":"110-116"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148175181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of polishing systems on surface properties and color stability of 3D-printed resin restoratives.","authors":"Mehmet C Ararat, Engin Saçu, Satılmış Ürgün, Sinan Fidan, Mustafa Ö Bora, Neslihan Tekçe","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the effects of different polishing systems on surface roughness (Ra, Rz, Sa), water contact angle and color stability (ΔE₀₀) of a 3D printed permanent resin material.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>50 specimens were fabricated using a Saremco Print Crowntec resin with 3D printer and divided into five equal groups: Control (No treatment); Sof-Lex XT; Diacomp Plus Twist; Optiglaze Color Clear; and Ultradent Diamond Polish. Surface roughness was evaluated using a 3D non-contact profilometer, and surface morphology was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Contact angle was measured using the sessile drop method and analyzed with software. Color change was measured by a spectrophotometer after 15 days of storage in coffee solution. Data were compared by one-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test (α= 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Optiglaze showed significantly higher Ra and Rz values than the other polishing systems (P< 0.05). The Ra value of the Diacomp Plus Twist group was lower than the Diamond Polish group; the Sa value was higher than the Sof-Lex XT and Diamond Polish groups (P< 0.05). The Diacomp Plus Twist group exhibited a higher water contact angle than the Optiglaze and Diamond Polish groups (P<0.05). Sof-Lex XT showed higher ΔE₀₀ compared to other polishing systems (P< 0.05). All polishing groups showed lower parameter values than the control group (P< 0.001).</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>These findings indicate that mechanical polishing might enhance the long-term esthetic results and color stability of 3D-printed permanent resin restorations. Clinical studies are required to validate intraoral efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":7538,"journal":{"name":"American journal of dentistry","volume":"39 2","pages":"95-100"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147759660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical efficacy of a stannous fluoride toothpaste stabilized with zinc phosphate in reducing supragingival calculus formation compared to a sodium monofluorophosphate toothpaste: A randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Dutmanee Seriwatanachai, Petcharat Kraivaphan, Cholticha Amornchat, Terdphong Triratana, Luis R Mateo, Robert D'Ambrogio, Yun-Po Zhang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the comparative clinical efficacy of a test toothpaste containing 0.454% stannous fluoride stabilized with zinc phosphate as compared to a regular fluoride toothpaste containing 0.76% sodium monofluorophosphate in controlling supragingival calculus formation over a 12-week period.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A randomized, single-center, double-blind, parallel-group study was conducted in Bangkok, Thailand. Healthy adults (n= 100) with a baseline Volpe-Manhold Calculus Index score ≥7.0 were randomized to either the stannous fluoride (Test) or sodium monofluorophosphate (Control) group. After a dental prophylaxis, subjects brushed twice daily for 12 weeks. Supragingival calculus was assessed using the Volpe-Manhold Calculus Index. The primary efficacy endpoint was the comparison of baseline-adjusted mean calculus scores at 12 weeks, analyzed using ANCOVA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>97 subjects completed the study. At 12 weeks, the Test Group had baseline adjusted mean Volpe-Manhold score of 11.47, while the Control Group had a score of 17.48. The Test Group demonstrated a statistically significant 34.4% (P< 0.001) less supragingival calculus formation compared to the Control Group.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>A toothpaste containing 0.454% stannous fluoride provided a statistically significant and clinically relevant reduction in supragingival calculus formation compared to a standard sodium monofluorophosphate fluoride toothpaste after 12 weeks of use.</p>","PeriodicalId":7538,"journal":{"name":"American journal of dentistry","volume":"39 2","pages":"73-76"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147759672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of whitening toothpastes on enamel color and surface roughness: A laboratory study.","authors":"Ecehan Kaplan, Ayşe Dündar, Çğatay Barutçugil","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This laboratory study evaluated the effect of toothpastes with different whitening mechanisms on the color change and surface roughness of human enamel.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>40 human maxillary incisors were sectioned at the cemento-enamel junction using a water-cooled saw. Crowns were embedded in cold acrylic with vestibular surfaces facing down. After polishing with silicon carbide papers, samples were stored in distilled water for 24 hours, then immersed in coffee solution for 6 days. Specimens were rinsed and divided into five groups (n=8): Group 1 (control), Group 2 (RSW: ROCS Sensation Whitening), Group 3 (SWN: Signal White Now Gold), Group 4 (COW: Colgate Optic White Charcoal), Group 5 (OW: Opalescence Whitening). Color was measured with a VITA Easyshade spectrophotometer, and surface roughness with a profilometer. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey HSD (P= 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All groups exhibited color changes above the perceptual threshold (ΔE₀₀ > 1.8). The control group had the lowest ΔE₀₀ value, and RSW had the highest, followed by COW, with no significant difference between them (P> 0.05). Surface roughness was not significantly different between groups (P> 0.05).</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>Bromelain-containing whitening toothpastes may provide an effective clinical option for stain removal by improving tooth color without significantly increasing enamel surface roughness.</p>","PeriodicalId":7538,"journal":{"name":"American journal of dentistry","volume":"39 2","pages":"66-72"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147759658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laboratory evaluation of the erosive potential of fluoride-free mouthwashes using a dental erosion simulation model.","authors":"Astrid Carolina Valdivia-Tapia, Anderson Takeo Hara, Jaime Aparecido Cury, Antonio Pedro Ricomini-Filho, Frank Lippert","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the enamel/dentin surface loss caused by acidic fluoride-free mouthwashes using dental erosion simulation model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Enamel and dentin bovine slabs (n=8) were subjected to 5 days of treatment (four 1-minute mouthwash treatments/day). Six fluoride-free mouthwashes (MW1-MW6) with varying pH (3.03-5.12) were tested. Three 0.3% citric acid solutions (pH 3.0-5.0) and deionized water served as controls. Surface loss (SL) was measured using non-contact profilometry; enamel hardness was assessed via Knoop microhardness. Data was analyzed using one-way ANOVA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For both substrates, the model was able to differentiate between the controls. Differences between PC5 and NC (0.06± 0.11/-0.13± 0.28) were only directional for enamel. SL ranged considerably between MW1-MW6; however, all were less erosive than PC3 in both substrates. In enamel, MW1 (0.20± 0.12), MW3 (-0.26± 0.29), and MW6 (0.01± 0.12) were not different from NC. MW4 (-0.48± 0.29) was not different from PC4 and PC5, whereas MW5 (-1.19± 0.59) was more erosive than PC5. The SL data for dentin were mostly comparable to enamel. In dentin, MW1 (-0.34± 0.30), MW3 (-0.68± 0.45), and MW6 (-0.79± 0.17) were also not different from NC. Some fluoride-free mouthwashes may cause dental hard tissue erosion, particularly in dentin. Erosive potential appeared to be influenced more by composition than by pH alone.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>The findings highlight that mouthwash formulations significantly influence enamel and dentin surface loss, with acidity and specific ingredients playing a key role. Clinicians should exercise caution when recommending fluoride-free mouthwashes, especially to patients at risk of erosive tooth wear.</p>","PeriodicalId":7538,"journal":{"name":"American journal of dentistry","volume":"39 2","pages":"61-65"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147759691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}