Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition最新文献_第8页

Age differences in effectiveness of encoding techniques on memory. 编码技术对记忆效果的年龄差异。

IF 1.6 4区心理学

Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2023-04-17 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2023.2202377

Sophia H N Tran, Myra A Fernandes

{"title":"Age differences in effectiveness of encoding techniques on memory.","authors":"Sophia H N Tran, Myra A Fernandes","doi":"10.1080/13825585.2023.2202377","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13825585.2023.2202377","url":null,"abstract":"We compared the effectiveness of different encoding techniques across the adult age range. Three hundred participants: 100 younger, 100 middle-aged, and 100 older adults, were asked to encode a set of visually presented concrete and abstract words. Participants were shown target words one at a time, along with prompts (randomly and intermixed, within-subject) to either silently read, read aloud, write, or draw a picture of the target, for a duration of 10-seconds each. On a later free recall test, participants were given 2-minutes to type all the words they could remember from the encoding phase. Across age groups, we showed that drawing, writing, and reading aloud as encoding techniques yielded better memory than silently reading words, with drawing leading to the largest boost. While memory performance did decrease as age increased, it interacted with the encoding technique. Of note, there were no differences in memory performance in middle-aged compared to young adults. Importantly, age differences in memory emerged only when drawing was used as the encoding strategy, in line with previously reported age-related deficits in generating imagery, or integrating it with motoric processes. Despite this, concrete relative to abstract words that were drawn or written during encoding were better retained, regardless of age, suggesting these techniques facilitate formation of age-invariant visuo-spatial representations. Our findings suggest that whether age differences in memory emerge depends on the strategy used at encoding, and the type of information being encoded.","PeriodicalId":7532,"journal":{"name":"Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition","volume":" ","pages":"479-495"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9315734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Distinguishable features of spontaneous speech in Alzheimer's clinical syndrome and healthy controls. 阿尔茨海默氏症临床综合征和健康对照者自发言语的区别特征。

IF 1.6 4区心理学

Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-05 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2023.2221020

Erin Burke, John Gunstad, Olesia Pavlenko, Phillip Hamrick

{"title":"Distinguishable features of spontaneous speech in Alzheimer's clinical syndrome and healthy controls.","authors":"Erin Burke, John Gunstad, Olesia Pavlenko, Phillip Hamrick","doi":"10.1080/13825585.2023.2221020","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13825585.2023.2221020","url":null,"abstract":"There is growing evidence that subtle changes in spontaneous speech may reflect early pathological changes in cognitive function. Recent work has found that lexical-semantic features of spontaneous speech predict cognitive dysfunction in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The current study assessed whether Ostrand and Gunstad's (OG) lexical-semantic features extend to predicting cognitive status in a sample of individuals with Alzheimer's clinical syndrome (ACS) and healthy controls. Four additional (New) speech indices shown to be important in language processing research were also explored in this sample to extend prior work. Speech transcripts of the Cookie Theft Task from 81 individuals with ACS (Mage = 72.7 years, SD = 8.80, 70.4% female) and 61 healthy controls (HC) (Mage = 63.9 years, SD = 8.52, 62.3% female) from Dementia Bank were analyzed. Random forest and logistic machine learning techniques examined whether subject-level lexical-semantic features could be used to accurately discriminate those with ACS from HC. Results showed that logistic models with the New lexical-semantic features obtained good classification accuracy (78.4%), but the OG features had wider success across machine learning model types. In terms of sensitivity and specificity, the random forest model trained on the OG features was the most balanced. Findings from the current study suggest that features of spontaneous speech used to predict MCI may also distinguish between individuals with ACS and healthy controls. Future work should evaluate these lexical-semantic features in pre-clinical persons to further explore their potential to assist with early detection through speech analysis.","PeriodicalId":7532,"journal":{"name":"Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition","volume":" ","pages":"575-586"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10696129/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9750962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The impact of music making on neural efficiency & dual-task walking performance in healthy older adults. 音乐制作对健康老年人神经效率和双任务行走表现的影响。

IF 1.6 4区心理学

Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2023-03-31 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2023.2195615

Sydney Jacobs, Meltem Izzetoglu, Roee Holtzer

{"title":"The impact of music making on neural efficiency & dual-task walking performance in healthy older adults.","authors":"Sydney Jacobs, Meltem Izzetoglu, Roee Holtzer","doi":"10.1080/13825585.2023.2195615","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13825585.2023.2195615","url":null,"abstract":"Music making is linked to improved cognition and related neuroanatomical changes in children and adults; however, this has been relatively under-studied in aging. The purpose of this study was to assess neural, cognitive, and physical correlates of music making in aging using a dual-task walking (DTW) paradigm. Study participants (N = 415) were healthy adults aged 65 years or older, including musicians (n = 70) who were identified by current weekly engagement in musical activity. A DTW paradigm consisting of single- and dual-task conditions, as well as portable neuroimaging (functional near-infrared spectroscopy), was administered. Outcome measures included neural activation in the prefrontal cortex assessed across task conditions by recording changes in oxygenated hemoglobin, cognitive performance, and gait velocity. Linear mixed effects models examined the impact of music making on outcome measures in addition to moderating their change between task conditions. Across participants (53.3% women; 76 ± 6.55 years), neural activation increased from single- to dual-task conditions (p < 0.001); however, musicians demonstrated attenuated activation between a single cognitive interference task and dual-task walking (p = 0.014). Musicians also displayed significantly smaller decline in behavioral performance (p < 0.001) from single- to dual-task conditions and faster gait overall (p = 0.014). Given evidence of lower prefrontal cortex activation in the context of similar or improved behavioral performance, results indicate the presence of enhanced neural efficiency in older adult musicians. Furthermore, improved dual-task performance in older adult musicians was observed. Results have important clinical implications for healthy aging, as executive functioning plays an essential role in maintaining functional ability in older adulthood.","PeriodicalId":7532,"journal":{"name":"Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition","volume":" ","pages":"438-456"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10544664/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9220063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evidence for age-related decline in spatial memory in a novel allocentric memory task 在新颖的分配中心记忆任务中，空间记忆力下降与年龄有关的证据

IF 1.9 4区心理学

Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-04-21 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2024.2344866

Luisanna Reinoso Medina, Christina A. Thrasher, Lauren L. Harburger

引用次数: 0

The association between memory, COVID-19 testing, and COVID-19 incidence in middle-aged and older adults: a prospective analysis of the CLSA 中老年人记忆力、COVID-19 测试和 COVID-19 发病率之间的关联：CLSA 的前瞻性分析

IF 1.9 4区心理学

Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-04-16 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2024.2342500

Mark Oremus, Suzanne L. Tyas, Leilei Zeng, Nancy Newall, Colleen J. Maxwell

引用次数: 0

Association between formal social participation and cognitive function in middle-aged and older adults: a longitudinal study using SHARE data 中老年人正式社会参与与认知功能之间的关系：利用 SHARE 数据开展的纵向研究

IF 1.9 4区心理学

Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-02-25 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2024.2315769

Cláudia Cunha, Paula Rodrigues, Gina Voss, Roberto Martinez-Pecino, Alice Delerue-Matos

引用次数: 0

The effects of age on objective and subjective recollection after visiting a virtual apartment. 年龄对参观虚拟公寓后客观和主观回忆的影响。

IF 1.6 4区心理学

Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-01-20 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2023.2168607

Maud Billet, Arnaud D'Argembeau, Thierry Meulemans, Sylvie Willems

{"title":"The effects of age on objective and subjective recollection after visiting a virtual apartment.","authors":"Maud Billet, Arnaud D'Argembeau, Thierry Meulemans, Sylvie Willems","doi":"10.1080/13825585.2023.2168607","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13825585.2023.2168607","url":null,"abstract":"While aging has been associated with decreased retrieval of episodic memory details, subjective ratings about memory quality seem to remain stable. This suggests that subjective memory judgments are based on different information according to age. Here, we tested the hypothesis that older people would rather base their subjective judgments on the retrieval of personal elements (such as emotions and thoughts), whereas younger people would rather base their judgments on the retrieval of event-related elements (such as time, place, and perceptual details). Sixty participants (20 to 79 years old) performed eight actions in a virtual apartment and were then asked to verbally recall each action with a maximum of associated elements and to rate the subjective quality of their memories. The elements reported were classified into \"person-related\" and \"event-related\" categories. Executive functions, memory performance on traditional memory tasks, and subjects' perception of memory functioning were also evaluated. Results revealed that aging was associated with reduced retrieval of event-related elements, which was explained by decreasing executive resources. However, age did not affect the retrieval of person-related elements, and the subjective memory judgments of older people were not based on these elements to a greater extent than those of younger people. Finally, our results highlight the value of virtual reality (VR) in memory evaluations since subjects' perception of memory functioning was associated with their performance in the VR task but not in traditional memory tasks.","PeriodicalId":7532,"journal":{"name":"Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition","volume":" ","pages":"340-361"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9116038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The contribution of discursive and cognitive factors in referential choices made by elderly people during a narrative task. 老年人在叙事任务中做出指代选择时的话语和认知因素的作用。

IF 1.6 4区心理学

Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-01-05 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2022.2150141

Mélanie Sandoz, Katia Iglesias, Amélie M Achim, Marion Fossard

{"title":"The contribution of discursive and cognitive factors in referential choices made by elderly people during a narrative task.","authors":"Mélanie Sandoz, Katia Iglesias, Amélie M Achim, Marion Fossard","doi":"10.1080/13825585.2022.2150141","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13825585.2022.2150141","url":null,"abstract":"The present study focuses on referential choices made by healthy aged adults during narrative discourse, and their relationship with cognitive and socio-cognitive abilities. Previously, some studies have shown that, compared to young adults, older adults produce more pronouns when referring to various entities during discourse, regardless of the accessibility level of the referent for the addressee. This referential behavior has been interpreted in relation to the decrease of cognitive abilities, such as working memory abilities. There is, as of yet, little empirical evidence highlighting which cognitive competences preferentially support referential choices during discourse production. Here, we focus on three categories of referential markers (indefinite, definite markers and pronouns) produced by 78 participants from 60 to 91 years old. We used a storytelling task enabling us to examine the referential choices made at three discourse stages (introduction, maintaining or shift of the referent in focus) and in increasing levels of referential complexity (one vs two characters, and different vs same gender). In addition to specifically assessing how increasing age influences referential choices, we also examine the contribution of various cognitive and socio-cognitive skills that are presumed to play a specific role in referential choices. We found that both age and specific cognitive abilities (planification, inhibition, and verbal episodic memory) had an effect on referential choices, but that these effects depended on when (at which discourse stage) the referential markers were produced. Overall, our study highlights the complex interplay between discursive and cognitive factors in referential choices made by healthy older speakers.","PeriodicalId":7532,"journal":{"name":"Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition","volume":" ","pages":"301-322"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10544493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Older adults can use memory for distinctive objects, but not distinctive scenes, to rescue associative memory deficits. 老年人可以利用对独特物体的记忆，但不能利用对独特场景的记忆来挽救联想记忆的缺陷。

IF 1.6 4区心理学

Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-01-26 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2023.2170966

Nichole R Bouffard, Celia Fidalgo, Iva K Brunec, Andy C H Lee, Morgan D Barense

{"title":"Older adults can use memory for distinctive objects, but not distinctive scenes, to rescue associative memory deficits.","authors":"Nichole R Bouffard, Celia Fidalgo, Iva K Brunec, Andy C H Lee, Morgan D Barense","doi":"10.1080/13825585.2023.2170966","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13825585.2023.2170966","url":null,"abstract":"Associative memory deficits in aging are frequently characterized by false recognition of novel stimulus associations, particularly when stimuli are similar. Introducing distinctive stimuli, therefore, can help guide item differentiation in memory and can further our understanding of how age-related brain changes impact behavior. How older adults use different types of distinctive information to distinguish overlapping events in memory and to avoid false associative recognition is still unknown. To test this, we manipulated the distinctiveness of items from two stimulus categories, scenes and objects, across three conditions: (1) distinct scenes paired with similar objects, (2) similar scenes paired with distinct objects, and (3) similar scenes paired with similar objects. Young and older adults studied scene-object pairs and then made both remember/know judgments toward single items as well as associative memory judgments to old and novel scene-object pairs (\"Were these paired together?\"). Older adults showed intact single item recognition of scenes and objects, regardless of whether those objects and scenes were similar or distinct. In contrast, relative to younger adults, older adults showed elevated false recognition for scene-object pairs, even when the scenes were distinct. These age-related associative memory deficits, however, disappeared if the pair contained an object that was visually distinct. In line with neural evidence that hippocampal functioning and scene processing decline with age, these results suggest that older adults can rely on memory for distinct objects, but not for distinct scenes, to distinguish between memories with overlapping features.","PeriodicalId":7532,"journal":{"name":"Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition","volume":" ","pages":"362-386"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10629251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Knowing more than we know: metacognition, semantic fluency, and originality in younger and older adults. 知道的比我们知道的多：年轻人和老年人的元认知、语义流畅性和独创性。

IF 1.6 4区心理学

Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-11-21 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2022.2149691

Dillon H Murphy, Alan D Castel

{"title":"Knowing more than we know: metacognition, semantic fluency, and originality in younger and older adults.","authors":"Dillon H Murphy, Alan D Castel","doi":"10.1080/13825585.2022.2149691","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13825585.2022.2149691","url":null,"abstract":"We examined age-related similarities and differences in people's metacognitive awareness of retrieval from semantic long-term memory as well as the originality of their responses. Participants completed several semantic fluency tasks, and before recalling items, made metacognitive predictions of their performance. Additionally, after retrieval, participants made metacognitive evaluations of the originality of their responses. Results revealed that both younger (Mage = 24.49) and older adults (Mage = 68.31) were underconfident in their performance, despite some metacognitive awareness of their ability to retrieve information from semantic memory. Younger and older adults became more metacognitively aware of their abilities with task experience, but there were no significant differences in participants' metacognitive predictions and postdictions, although older adults believed that they were less original than younger adults. These findings revealed a \"skilled and unaware\" effect whereby participants were underconfident on the first trial and became less underconfident on later trials. These patterns may fit with a broader literature that has found a lack of adult age differences in metacognition for verbal skills but shows that older adults may believe that their access to original verbal knowledge may decline in older age.","PeriodicalId":7532,"journal":{"name":"Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition","volume":" ","pages":"279-300"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10199963/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9497609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0