Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition最新文献_第8页

The impact of retirement on executive functions and processing speed: findings from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging. 退休对执行功能和处理速度的影响：加拿大老龄问题纵向研究（Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging）的发现。

IF 1.6 4区心理学

Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-08-22 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2022.2110562

Catherine Gosselin, Benjamin Boller

引用次数: 0

Older adults can use memory for distinctive objects, but not distinctive scenes, to rescue associative memory deficits. 老年人可以利用对独特物体的记忆，但不能利用对独特场景的记忆来挽救联想记忆的缺陷。

IF 1.6 4区心理学

Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-01-26 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2023.2170966

Nichole R Bouffard, Celia Fidalgo, Iva K Brunec, Andy C H Lee, Morgan D Barense

{"title":"Older adults can use memory for distinctive objects, but not distinctive scenes, to rescue associative memory deficits.","authors":"Nichole R Bouffard, Celia Fidalgo, Iva K Brunec, Andy C H Lee, Morgan D Barense","doi":"10.1080/13825585.2023.2170966","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13825585.2023.2170966","url":null,"abstract":"Associative memory deficits in aging are frequently characterized by false recognition of novel stimulus associations, particularly when stimuli are similar. Introducing distinctive stimuli, therefore, can help guide item differentiation in memory and can further our understanding of how age-related brain changes impact behavior. How older adults use different types of distinctive information to distinguish overlapping events in memory and to avoid false associative recognition is still unknown. To test this, we manipulated the distinctiveness of items from two stimulus categories, scenes and objects, across three conditions: (1) distinct scenes paired with similar objects, (2) similar scenes paired with distinct objects, and (3) similar scenes paired with similar objects. Young and older adults studied scene-object pairs and then made both remember/know judgments toward single items as well as associative memory judgments to old and novel scene-object pairs (\"Were these paired together?\"). Older adults showed intact single item recognition of scenes and objects, regardless of whether those objects and scenes were similar or distinct. In contrast, relative to younger adults, older adults showed elevated false recognition for scene-object pairs, even when the scenes were distinct. These age-related associative memory deficits, however, disappeared if the pair contained an object that was visually distinct. In line with neural evidence that hippocampal functioning and scene processing decline with age, these results suggest that older adults can rely on memory for distinct objects, but not for distinct scenes, to distinguish between memories with overlapping features.","PeriodicalId":7532,"journal":{"name":"Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10629251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Which variables moderate the relationship between depressive symptoms and global neurocognition across adulthood? 哪些变量可以调节成年期抑郁症状与整体神经认知之间的关系？

IF 1.6 4区心理学

Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-10-21 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2022.2131714

Jordan Sergio, Karen L Siedlecki

{"title":"Which variables moderate the relationship between depressive symptoms and global neurocognition across adulthood?","authors":"Jordan Sergio, Karen L Siedlecki","doi":"10.1080/13825585.2022.2131714","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13825585.2022.2131714","url":null,"abstract":"The current study examined moderators of the relationship between depressive symptoms and global neurocognition in a large non-clinical community-dwelling sample spanning adulthood. Participants comprised 5,430 individuals between the ages of 18-99 years drawn from the Virginia Cognitive Aging Project. Depressive symptoms were measured via the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scale and neurocognition was operationalized as a composite variable comprising episodic memory, spatial visualization, processing speed, and reasoning tasks. Moderator variables included physical activity, cognitive activity, education, emotional stability, and openness. Hierarchical regressions were used to examine the influence of depressive symptoms and the moderators on neurocognition. Depressive symptoms significantly predicted neurocognition. Cognitive activity, years of education, and emotional stability moderated the depression-neurocognition relationship by buffering the impact of depressive symptoms on neurocognition. Cognitive activity engagement and level of education may function as a protective influence on those with higher levels of depressive symptoms, while emotional stability may be protective for individuals with lower levels of depressive symptoms. No differences in moderation were found across three age groups representing younger, middle, and older adults. Post-hoc analyses showed years of education and openness as moderators in a subsample excluding individuals with potentially clinically meaningful levels of depressive symptoms.","PeriodicalId":7532,"journal":{"name":"Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40577906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The role of metacognitive uncertainty in the delayed retrieval shift of older adults. 元认知不确定性在老年人延迟检索转变中的作用。

IF 1.6 4区心理学

Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-08-16 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2022.2112142

Geoffrey L McKinley, Jack M Kuhns, Dayna R Touron, Christopher Hertzog

{"title":"The role of metacognitive uncertainty in the delayed retrieval shift of older adults.","authors":"Geoffrey L McKinley, Jack M Kuhns, Dayna R Touron, Christopher Hertzog","doi":"10.1080/13825585.2022.2112142","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13825585.2022.2112142","url":null,"abstract":"Strategic choice behavior of older adults in many skill acquisition tasks can be characterized as a delayed and/or incomplete shift to a more efficient retrieval-based strategy, even when older adults possess the requisite knowledge to use it successfully. The noun-pair lookup task (NPLT) requires verification of whether a centrally presented word pair matches one of a set of pairs displayed at the top of the screen. Because the pairings do not change, verification can be made from memory as the associations are learned. This study examines the role of metacognitive uncertainty in explaining older adults' delayed retrieval shift in the NPLT. Older and younger adults participated in a NPLT with previously learned items and new items. For each trial, the look-up table was shown only if the scanning strategy was selected. Some participants were given a precue informing whether the item had been previously learned. Retrieval strategy choice was low for older adults but precueing increased its frequency. Older adults' retrieval choices had minimal costs on NPLT accuracy, suggesting that the delayed retrieval shift can be exacerbated by metacognitive uncertainty that was reduced by precueing. The role of metacognitive uncertainty in older adults' retrieval avoidance was supported by a robust item-level regression effect of retrospective confidence judgments during prelearning tests and later NPLT retrieval strategy choices for older adults.","PeriodicalId":7532,"journal":{"name":"Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40633557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Knowing more than we know: metacognition, semantic fluency, and originality in younger and older adults. 知道的比我们知道的多：年轻人和老年人的元认知、语义流畅性和独创性。

IF 1.6 4区心理学

Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-11-21 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2022.2149691

Dillon H Murphy, Alan D Castel

{"title":"Knowing more than we know: metacognition, semantic fluency, and originality in younger and older adults.","authors":"Dillon H Murphy, Alan D Castel","doi":"10.1080/13825585.2022.2149691","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13825585.2022.2149691","url":null,"abstract":"We examined age-related similarities and differences in people's metacognitive awareness of retrieval from semantic long-term memory as well as the originality of their responses. Participants completed several semantic fluency tasks, and before recalling items, made metacognitive predictions of their performance. Additionally, after retrieval, participants made metacognitive evaluations of the originality of their responses. Results revealed that both younger (Mage = 24.49) and older adults (Mage = 68.31) were underconfident in their performance, despite some metacognitive awareness of their ability to retrieve information from semantic memory. Younger and older adults became more metacognitively aware of their abilities with task experience, but there were no significant differences in participants' metacognitive predictions and postdictions, although older adults believed that they were less original than younger adults. These findings revealed a \"skilled and unaware\" effect whereby participants were underconfident on the first trial and became less underconfident on later trials. These patterns may fit with a broader literature that has found a lack of adult age differences in metacognition for verbal skills but shows that older adults may believe that their access to original verbal knowledge may decline in older age.","PeriodicalId":7532,"journal":{"name":"Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10199963/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9497609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Does the association between objective and subjective memory vary by age among healthy older adults? 在健康的老年人中，客观记忆和主观记忆之间的联系是否会因年龄而异？

IF 1.6 4区心理学

Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-11-09 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2022.2143471

Sara A Freed, Briana N Sprague, Lesley A Ross

{"title":"Does the association between objective and subjective memory vary by age among healthy older adults?","authors":"Sara A Freed, Briana N Sprague, Lesley A Ross","doi":"10.1080/13825585.2022.2143471","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13825585.2022.2143471","url":null,"abstract":"Subjective memory is commonly used as an indicator of older adults' objective memory in clinical screening; however, the correspondence between subjective and objective memory across different ages is unclear. The current study examined age-varying associations between subjective and objective memory in a cross-sectional sample of healthy older adults from the Advanced Cognitive Training for Independent and Vital Elderly (ACTIVE) study (N = 2,496). Time varying effects modeling (TVEM) models the association between variables as a function of time-varying metrics including age without imposing linear assumptions. TVEM was used to examine relationship magnitude fluctuations between subjective and objective memory across ages 65 to 85. Better subjective memory was weakly associated with better objective memory, even after controlling for gender, depressive symptoms, and education. The association was stable across all ages. There is a stable weak correspondence between subjective and objective memory in older adulthood across age, supporting the use of linear age as an appropriate time metric for examinations of objective and subjective memory among healthy older adults. Future work should examine the correspondence between subjective and objective memory in a larger age range. Longitudinal designs can also provide insights on whether the accuracy of subjective memory ratings change within a person over time.","PeriodicalId":7532,"journal":{"name":"Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10166764/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9434304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigating the impact of healthy aging on memory for temporal duration and order. 研究健康老龄化对时间长度和顺序记忆的影响。

IF 1.6 4区心理学

Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-09-08 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2022.2120178

Sathesan Thavabalasingam, Supreet Aashat, Daniela J Palombo, Mieke Verfaellie, Andy C H Lee

{"title":"Investigating the impact of healthy aging on memory for temporal duration and order.","authors":"Sathesan Thavabalasingam, Supreet Aashat, Daniela J Palombo, Mieke Verfaellie, Andy C H Lee","doi":"10.1080/13825585.2022.2120178","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13825585.2022.2120178","url":null,"abstract":"Temporal information, including information about temporal order and duration, is a fundamental component of event sequence memory. While previous research has demonstrated that aging can have a detrimental effect on memory for temporal order, there has been limited insight into the effect of aging on memory for durations, particularly within the context of sequences. In the current study, neurologically healthy young and older participants were administered two temporal match-mismatch tasks: one in which they were instructed on each trial to compare the temporal order or duration information of stimulus sequences presented first in a study phase and then, after a short delay, in a test phase (event sequence task); and a second in which participants were required to compare single durations or sequences of durations across study and test phases of each trial (pinwheel task). Consistent with the literature, the older participants were significantly poorer compared to their younger counterparts at making temporal order match-mismatch judgments in the event sequence task. In addition to this, data from both tasks suggested that the older adults were also less accurate at match-mismatch judgments based on duration information, with tentative evidence from the pinwheel task to suggest that this age-related effect was most prominent when the duration information was presented within a sequence. We suggest that age-related changes to medial temporal and frontal lobe function may contribute to changes in memory for temporal information in older adults, given the importance of these regions to event sequence memory.","PeriodicalId":7532,"journal":{"name":"Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33455508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impaired executive functioning mediates the association between aging and deterministic sequence learning. 执行功能受损是衰老与确定性序列学习之间联系的中介。

IF 1.6 4区心理学

Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-12-07 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2022.2153789

Jessica R Petok, Layla Dang, Beatrice Hammel

{"title":"Impaired executive functioning mediates the association between aging and deterministic sequence learning.","authors":"Jessica R Petok, Layla Dang, Beatrice Hammel","doi":"10.1080/13825585.2022.2153789","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13825585.2022.2153789","url":null,"abstract":"Sensitivity to the fixed ordering of actions and events, or deterministic sequence learning, is an important skill throughout adulthood. Yet, it remains unclear whether age deficits in sequencing exist, and we lack a firm understanding of which factors might contribute to age-related impairments when they arise. Though debated, executive functioning, governed by the frontal lobe, may underlie age-related sequence learning deficits in older adults. The present study asked if age predicts errors in deterministic sequence learning across the older adult lifespan (ages 55-89), and whether executive functioning accounts for any age-related declines. Healthy older adults completed a comprehensive measure of frontal-based executive abilities as well as a deterministic sequence learning task that required the step-by-step acquisition of associations through trial-and-error feedback. Among those who met a performance-based criterion, increasing age was positively correlated with higher sequencing errors; however, this relationship was no longer significant after controlling for executive functioning. Moreover, frontal-based executive abilities mediated the relationship between age and sequence learning performance. These findings suggest that executive or frontal functioning may underlie age deficits in learning judgment-based, deterministic serial operations.","PeriodicalId":7532,"journal":{"name":"Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10244484/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9586358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High-frequency assessment of mood, personality, and cognition in healthy younger, healthy older and adults with cognitive impairment 健康年轻人、健康老年人和有认知障碍的成年人的情绪、人格和认知的高频评估

IF 1.9 4区心理学

Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition Pub Date : 2023-11-24 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2023.2284412

Andrew J. Aschenbrenner, Joshua J. Jackson

引用次数: 0

Is there an emotionality effect in older adults' source memory? 老年人的源记忆是否存在情绪效应?

IF 1.9 4区心理学

Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2022.2078778

Nikoletta Symeonidou, Abdolaziz Hassan, Isabel Porstein, Beatrice G Kuhlmann

{"title":"Is there an emotionality effect in older adults' source memory?","authors":"Nikoletta Symeonidou, Abdolaziz Hassan, Isabel Porstein, Beatrice G Kuhlmann","doi":"10.1080/13825585.2022.2078778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13825585.2022.2078778","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of our research was to investigate whether older adults show a source memory enhancement for emotionally valenced sources. Additionally, building on research on the socioemotional selectivity theory and the age-related positivity effect, we tested whether older adults show a larger enhancement for positive compared to negative (and neutral) sources than younger adults. In Experiment 1 (nold = 25, nyoung = 27), we used one positive, one negative, and one neutral picture to manipulate source valence (many-to-one mapping of items to sources), whereas, in Experiment 2 (nold = 62, nyoung = 62), we used multiple pictures per source valence category (one-to-one mapping of items to sources) to counteract potential habituation effects. In both experiments, sources had medium and matching arousal levels. Items were neutral words superimposed on the source pictures. To support an implicit, natural information processing, participants rated the words in terms of pleasantness. We analyzed memory data with a multinomial processing tree model to disentangle memory processes from guessing bias. Across both experiments, an age-related positivity effect occurred in participants' pleasantness ratings. This effect, however, did not carry over to older adults' source memory. That is, in source memory, we found a general emotionality effect for younger but not for older adults and no age-related positivity effect. We propose that due to older adults' pronounced difficulties in remembering the item-to-source link (i.e., associative deficit), even a greater focus on an inherently emotional source might be insufficient to boost source memory.","PeriodicalId":7532,"journal":{"name":"Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10052548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1