Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition最新文献_第8页

Older adults can use memory for distinctive objects, but not distinctive scenes, to rescue associative memory deficits. 老年人可以利用对独特物体的记忆，但不能利用对独特场景的记忆来挽救联想记忆的缺陷。

IF 1.6 4区心理学

Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-01-26 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2023.2170966

Nichole R Bouffard, Celia Fidalgo, Iva K Brunec, Andy C H Lee, Morgan D Barense

{"title":"Older adults can use memory for distinctive objects, but not distinctive scenes, to rescue associative memory deficits.","authors":"Nichole R Bouffard, Celia Fidalgo, Iva K Brunec, Andy C H Lee, Morgan D Barense","doi":"10.1080/13825585.2023.2170966","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13825585.2023.2170966","url":null,"abstract":"Associative memory deficits in aging are frequently characterized by false recognition of novel stimulus associations, particularly when stimuli are similar. Introducing distinctive stimuli, therefore, can help guide item differentiation in memory and can further our understanding of how age-related brain changes impact behavior. How older adults use different types of distinctive information to distinguish overlapping events in memory and to avoid false associative recognition is still unknown. To test this, we manipulated the distinctiveness of items from two stimulus categories, scenes and objects, across three conditions: (1) distinct scenes paired with similar objects, (2) similar scenes paired with distinct objects, and (3) similar scenes paired with similar objects. Young and older adults studied scene-object pairs and then made both remember/know judgments toward single items as well as associative memory judgments to old and novel scene-object pairs (\"Were these paired together?\"). Older adults showed intact single item recognition of scenes and objects, regardless of whether those objects and scenes were similar or distinct. In contrast, relative to younger adults, older adults showed elevated false recognition for scene-object pairs, even when the scenes were distinct. These age-related associative memory deficits, however, disappeared if the pair contained an object that was visually distinct. In line with neural evidence that hippocampal functioning and scene processing decline with age, these results suggest that older adults can rely on memory for distinct objects, but not for distinct scenes, to distinguish between memories with overlapping features.","PeriodicalId":7532,"journal":{"name":"Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition","volume":" ","pages":"362-386"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10629251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Knowing more than we know: metacognition, semantic fluency, and originality in younger and older adults. 知道的比我们知道的多：年轻人和老年人的元认知、语义流畅性和独创性。

IF 1.6 4区心理学

Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-11-21 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2022.2149691

Dillon H Murphy, Alan D Castel

{"title":"Knowing more than we know: metacognition, semantic fluency, and originality in younger and older adults.","authors":"Dillon H Murphy, Alan D Castel","doi":"10.1080/13825585.2022.2149691","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13825585.2022.2149691","url":null,"abstract":"We examined age-related similarities and differences in people's metacognitive awareness of retrieval from semantic long-term memory as well as the originality of their responses. Participants completed several semantic fluency tasks, and before recalling items, made metacognitive predictions of their performance. Additionally, after retrieval, participants made metacognitive evaluations of the originality of their responses. Results revealed that both younger (Mage = 24.49) and older adults (Mage = 68.31) were underconfident in their performance, despite some metacognitive awareness of their ability to retrieve information from semantic memory. Younger and older adults became more metacognitively aware of their abilities with task experience, but there were no significant differences in participants' metacognitive predictions and postdictions, although older adults believed that they were less original than younger adults. These findings revealed a \"skilled and unaware\" effect whereby participants were underconfident on the first trial and became less underconfident on later trials. These patterns may fit with a broader literature that has found a lack of adult age differences in metacognition for verbal skills but shows that older adults may believe that their access to original verbal knowledge may decline in older age.","PeriodicalId":7532,"journal":{"name":"Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition","volume":" ","pages":"279-300"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10199963/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9497609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impaired executive functioning mediates the association between aging and deterministic sequence learning. 执行功能受损是衰老与确定性序列学习之间联系的中介。

IF 1.6 4区心理学

Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-12-07 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2022.2153789

Jessica R Petok, Layla Dang, Beatrice Hammel

{"title":"Impaired executive functioning mediates the association between aging and deterministic sequence learning.","authors":"Jessica R Petok, Layla Dang, Beatrice Hammel","doi":"10.1080/13825585.2022.2153789","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13825585.2022.2153789","url":null,"abstract":"Sensitivity to the fixed ordering of actions and events, or deterministic sequence learning, is an important skill throughout adulthood. Yet, it remains unclear whether age deficits in sequencing exist, and we lack a firm understanding of which factors might contribute to age-related impairments when they arise. Though debated, executive functioning, governed by the frontal lobe, may underlie age-related sequence learning deficits in older adults. The present study asked if age predicts errors in deterministic sequence learning across the older adult lifespan (ages 55-89), and whether executive functioning accounts for any age-related declines. Healthy older adults completed a comprehensive measure of frontal-based executive abilities as well as a deterministic sequence learning task that required the step-by-step acquisition of associations through trial-and-error feedback. Among those who met a performance-based criterion, increasing age was positively correlated with higher sequencing errors; however, this relationship was no longer significant after controlling for executive functioning. Moreover, frontal-based executive abilities mediated the relationship between age and sequence learning performance. These findings suggest that executive or frontal functioning may underlie age deficits in learning judgment-based, deterministic serial operations.","PeriodicalId":7532,"journal":{"name":"Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition","volume":" ","pages":"323-339"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10244484/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9586358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Does the association between objective and subjective memory vary by age among healthy older adults? 在健康的老年人中，客观记忆和主观记忆之间的联系是否会因年龄而异？

IF 1.6 4区心理学

Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-11-09 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2022.2143471

Sara A Freed, Briana N Sprague, Lesley A Ross

{"title":"Does the association between objective and subjective memory vary by age among healthy older adults?","authors":"Sara A Freed, Briana N Sprague, Lesley A Ross","doi":"10.1080/13825585.2022.2143471","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13825585.2022.2143471","url":null,"abstract":"Subjective memory is commonly used as an indicator of older adults' objective memory in clinical screening; however, the correspondence between subjective and objective memory across different ages is unclear. The current study examined age-varying associations between subjective and objective memory in a cross-sectional sample of healthy older adults from the Advanced Cognitive Training for Independent and Vital Elderly (ACTIVE) study (N = 2,496). Time varying effects modeling (TVEM) models the association between variables as a function of time-varying metrics including age without imposing linear assumptions. TVEM was used to examine relationship magnitude fluctuations between subjective and objective memory across ages 65 to 85. Better subjective memory was weakly associated with better objective memory, even after controlling for gender, depressive symptoms, and education. The association was stable across all ages. There is a stable weak correspondence between subjective and objective memory in older adulthood across age, supporting the use of linear age as an appropriate time metric for examinations of objective and subjective memory among healthy older adults. Future work should examine the correspondence between subjective and objective memory in a larger age range. Longitudinal designs can also provide insights on whether the accuracy of subjective memory ratings change within a person over time.","PeriodicalId":7532,"journal":{"name":"Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition","volume":" ","pages":"249-262"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10166764/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9434304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High-frequency assessment of mood, personality, and cognition in healthy younger, healthy older and adults with cognitive impairment 健康年轻人、健康老年人和有认知障碍的成年人的情绪、人格和认知的高频评估

IF 1.9 4区心理学

Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition Pub Date : 2023-11-24 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2023.2284412

Andrew J. Aschenbrenner, Joshua J. Jackson

引用次数: 0

A graph theoretic approach to neurodegeneration: five data-driven neuropsychological subtypes in mild cognitive impairment. 神经退行性变的图论方法:轻度认知障碍的五种数据驱动的神经心理学亚型。

IF 1.6 4区心理学

Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Epub Date: 2023-01-17 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2022.2163973

Jessica Pommy, L Conant, A M Butts, A Nencka, Y Wang, M Franczak, L Glass-Umfleet

{"title":"A graph theoretic approach to neurodegeneration: five data-driven neuropsychological subtypes in mild cognitive impairment.","authors":"Jessica Pommy, L Conant, A M Butts, A Nencka, Y Wang, M Franczak, L Glass-Umfleet","doi":"10.1080/13825585.2022.2163973","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13825585.2022.2163973","url":null,"abstract":"Mild cognitive Impairment (MCI) is notoriously heterogenous in terms of clinical presentation, neuroimaging correlates, and subsequent progression. Predicting who will progress to dementia, which type of dementia, and over what timeframe is challenging. Previous work has attempted to identify MCI subtypes using neuropsychological measures in an effort to address this challenge; however, there is no consensus on approach, which may account for some of the variability. Using a hierarchical community detection approach, we examined cognitive subtypes within an MCI sample (from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative [ADNI] study). We then examined whether these subtypes were related to biomarkers (e.g., cortical volumes, fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET) hypometabolism) or clinical progression. We identified five communities (i.e., cognitive subtypes) within the MCI sample: 1) predominantly memory impairment, 2) predominantly language impairment, 3) cognitively normal, 4) multidomain, with notable executive dysfunction, 5) multidomain, with notable processing speed impairment. Community membership was significantly associated with 1) cortical volume in the hippocampus, entorhinal cortex, and fusiform cortex; 2) FDG PET hypometabolism in the posterior cingulate, angular gyrus, and inferior/middle temporal gyrus; and 3) conversion to dementia at follow up. Overall, community detection as an approach appears a viable method for identifying unique cognitive subtypes in a neurodegenerative sample that were linked to several meaningful biomarkers and modestly with progression at one year follow up.","PeriodicalId":7532,"journal":{"name":"Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition","volume":" ","pages":"903-922"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10540992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Is there an emotionality effect in older adults' source memory? 老年人的源记忆是否存在情绪效应?

IF 1.9 4区心理学

Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2022.2078778

Nikoletta Symeonidou, Abdolaziz Hassan, Isabel Porstein, Beatrice G Kuhlmann

{"title":"Is there an emotionality effect in older adults' source memory?","authors":"Nikoletta Symeonidou, Abdolaziz Hassan, Isabel Porstein, Beatrice G Kuhlmann","doi":"10.1080/13825585.2022.2078778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13825585.2022.2078778","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of our research was to investigate whether older adults show a source memory enhancement for emotionally valenced sources. Additionally, building on research on the socioemotional selectivity theory and the age-related positivity effect, we tested whether older adults show a larger enhancement for positive compared to negative (and neutral) sources than younger adults. In Experiment 1 (nold = 25, nyoung = 27), we used one positive, one negative, and one neutral picture to manipulate source valence (many-to-one mapping of items to sources), whereas, in Experiment 2 (nold = 62, nyoung = 62), we used multiple pictures per source valence category (one-to-one mapping of items to sources) to counteract potential habituation effects. In both experiments, sources had medium and matching arousal levels. Items were neutral words superimposed on the source pictures. To support an implicit, natural information processing, participants rated the words in terms of pleasantness. We analyzed memory data with a multinomial processing tree model to disentangle memory processes from guessing bias. Across both experiments, an age-related positivity effect occurred in participants' pleasantness ratings. This effect, however, did not carry over to older adults' source memory. That is, in source memory, we found a general emotionality effect for younger but not for older adults and no age-related positivity effect. We propose that due to older adults' pronounced difficulties in remembering the item-to-source link (i.e., associative deficit), even a greater focus on an inherently emotional source might be insufficient to boost source memory.","PeriodicalId":7532,"journal":{"name":"Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition","volume":"30 5","pages":"687-712"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10052548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Health appeal appraisal and memory in older adults: the effects of goal and valence framing. 老年人健康诉求评价与记忆:目标和效价框架的影响。

IF 1.9 4区心理学

Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2022.2079601

Lixia Yang, Dana Greenbaum, Justice Cupid, Maureen Reed

引用次数: 0

How well does the discrepancy between semantic and letter verbal fluency performance distinguish Alzheimer's dementia from typical aging? 语义和字母语言流畅性表现的差异在多大程度上区分了阿尔茨海默氏痴呆症和典型的衰老?

IF 1.9 4区心理学

Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2022.2079602

Jean K Gordon, Haoxuan Chen

{"title":"How well does the discrepancy between semantic and letter verbal fluency performance distinguish Alzheimer's dementia from typical aging?","authors":"Jean K Gordon, Haoxuan Chen","doi":"10.1080/13825585.2022.2079602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13825585.2022.2079602","url":null,"abstract":"In Alzheimer's dementia (AD), greater declines in semantic fluency (SF) relative to letter fluency (LF) have been assumed to reflect semantic disintegration. However, the same pattern is observed in typical aging and neurodegenerative disorders besides AD. We examined this assumption by comparing different aspects of SF and LF performance in older adults with and without dementia, and identifying which verbal fluency measures most clearly distinguish AD from typical aging. Verbal fluency data were compared from 109 individuals with AD and 66 typically aging adults. Correct items, clusters, and errors were analyzed using both raw counts and proportions. Regression analyses examined Task-by-Group interactions and the impact of demographic variables on verbal fluency measures. ROC analyses examined the sensitivity and specificity of the different outcome measures. In regressions, interactions were found for raw but not proportional data, indicating that different group patterns were driven largely by the number of correct items produced. Similarly, in ROC analyses, raw SF totals showed stronger discriminability between groups than either raw discrepancy scores (SF-LF) or discrepancy ratios (SF/LF). Age and cognitive status (MMSE) were the strongest individual predictors of performance. Findings suggest that AD entails quantitative declines in verbal fluency, but qualitatively similar patterns of performance relative to typically aging adults. Thus, SF declines in AD seem to be at least partially attributable to an exaggeration of the underlying mechanisms common to typical aging, and do not necessarily implicate semantic disintegration.","PeriodicalId":7532,"journal":{"name":"Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition","volume":"30 5","pages":"729-758"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10052544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Recall and recognition subtests of the repeatable battery for the assessment of neuropsychological status and their relationship to biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease. 用于评估神经心理状态的可重复电池的回忆和识别子测试及其与阿尔茨海默病生物标志物的关系。

IF 1.6 4区心理学

Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition Pub Date : 2023-09-01 Epub Date: 2022-09-15 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2022.2124229

Matthew J Euler, Kevin Duff, Jace B King, John M Hoffman

{"title":"Recall and recognition subtests of the repeatable battery for the assessment of neuropsychological status and their relationship to biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease.","authors":"Matthew J Euler, Kevin Duff, Jace B King, John M Hoffman","doi":"10.1080/13825585.2022.2124229","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13825585.2022.2124229","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, two new recognition subtests for the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) were developed and initially validated in a cohort of older adults who were cognitively intact or classified as amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) or mild Alzheimer's disease (AD). The current paper extends that validation by comparing the recall and recognition subtests of the RBANS, including the existing and recently developed scores, to three commonly used biomarkers in AD in an expanded sample from the initial validation. One hundred fifty-four older adults (65 intact, 46 MCI, 43 AD) were administered the RBANS, which included the recently developed subtests for Story Recognition and Figure Recognition (hits, false positives, total correct), as part of a study on memory and biomarkers. Participants also completed magnetic resonance imaging to obtain hippocampal volumes, positron emission tomography to obtain amyloid plaque deposition, and a blood draw to obtain APOE ε4 status. Whereas correlations between recall scores and biomarkers tended to be moderate (average r = ±0.48), these correlations were comparable across the three recognition total scores (average r = ±0.42), but tended to be lower for recognition hits (average r = ±0.28) and false positives (average r = ±0.38). These results further validate the existing and recently developed recognition scores on the RBANS as providing useful information about brain and genetic pathology in older adults with intact and impaired cognitive functioning.","PeriodicalId":7532,"journal":{"name":"Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition","volume":" ","pages":"885-902"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10014490/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10304842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0