{"title":"[Establishment of human sapovirus culture method].","authors":"Hirotaka Takagi, Tomoichiro Oka","doi":"10.2222/jsv.73.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2222/jsv.73.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>More than 40 years after the discovery of human sapovirus (HuSaV), we have established a HuSaV culture system in which HuTu80 cells derived from the human duodenum adenocarcinoma cell line are cultured together with the addition of bile acid as a supplement. In addition to being a common cell line, this system using HuTu80 cells is a versatile method because classical culture media are available, and it is easy to scale-up for culture. However, the number of culture days required to obtain sufficient viral titer, the confirmation of viral gene conservation for sample selection, and the method for passaging of HuTu80-cells were crucial. So far, 15 genotypes have been successfully propagated and stocked, and stable supply as research resources has been achieved. Due to the above efforts, we can now proceed with the production and analysis of antisera using purified antigens and the evaluation of inactivation conditions. This manuscript introduces the background for selection of the cell line and bile acids, and the topics that have been discussed since the publication, as well as future issues that were raised such as the expression of cytopathicity and elucidation of low UV-C sensitivity of fecal-derived HuSaV.</p>","PeriodicalId":75275,"journal":{"name":"Uirusu","volume":"73 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142334079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Structural insights into Hepatitis B and D virus entry receptors].","authors":"Kanako Terakado Kimura, Koichi Watashi","doi":"10.2222/jsv.73.89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2222/jsv.73.89","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75275,"journal":{"name":"Uirusu","volume":"73 1","pages":"89-94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142334085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Molecular epidemiology and evolution of human noroviruses].","authors":"Kentaro Tohma, Hiroshi Ushijima","doi":"10.2222/jsv.73.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2222/jsv.73.17","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Noroviruses are the most common viral cause of acute gastroenteritis after the introduction of rotavirus vaccines. Norovirus infection can cause severe symptoms in vulnerable populations including young children and the elderly. Thus, it is still a leading cause of death from diarrhea in children in developing countries. Recent advancement of genomics platforms facilitated understanding of the epidemiology of norovirus, while the whole picture of norovirus diversity is still undetermined. Currently, there are no approved vaccines for norovirus, but state-of-the-art norovirus cultivation systems could elucidate the antigenic diversity of this fast-evolving virus. In this review, we will summarize the historical and latest findings of norovirus epidemiology, diversity, and evolution.</p>","PeriodicalId":75275,"journal":{"name":"Uirusu","volume":"73 1","pages":"17-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142334082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
UirusuPub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.2222/jsv.73.163
Toru Okamoto, Yumi Itoh, Tatsuya Suzuki
{"title":"[Development of an engineered ACE2 decoy for COVID-19 therapy.]","authors":"Toru Okamoto, Yumi Itoh, Tatsuya Suzuki","doi":"10.2222/jsv.73.163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2222/jsv.73.163","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It has been passed four years since the pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome-2 (SARS-CoV-2) that began in 2019. Since June 2020, we have been working on a project to develop a therapeutic drug using receptor decoys, even though we cannot predict how long the pandemic will last or how long our daily lives will be restricted. This receptor decoy utilizes Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which is the receptor for SARS-CoV-2, and involves introducing mutations that enhance its binding ability with the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2. This high-affinity ACE2, acting as a decoy protein, is a strategy to inhibit viral infection and to expect therapeutic effects by replacing the endogeneous ACE2 that SARS-CoV-2 binds to with ACE2 decoy. This paper introduces the development of ACE2 decoys that have progressed through collaborative research with many researchers outside the field of virology.</p>","PeriodicalId":75275,"journal":{"name":"Uirusu","volume":"73 2","pages":"163-172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142334086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
UirusuPub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.2222/jsv.73.183
Kanako Watanabe, Masahiro Fujii
{"title":"[Identification of a human parechovirus receptor; MYADM].","authors":"Kanako Watanabe, Masahiro Fujii","doi":"10.2222/jsv.73.183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2222/jsv.73.183","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75275,"journal":{"name":"Uirusu","volume":"73 2","pages":"183-188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142334088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
UirusuPub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.2222/jsv.73.189
Yoshiyuki Ishii, Seiichiro Mori, Iwao Kukimoto
{"title":"[Identification of new host factors supporting the human papillomavirus life cycle].","authors":"Yoshiyuki Ishii, Seiichiro Mori, Iwao Kukimoto","doi":"10.2222/jsv.73.189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2222/jsv.73.189","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75275,"journal":{"name":"Uirusu","volume":"73 2","pages":"189-198"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142334089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}