Turkish archives of pediatrics最新文献

{"title":"Adverse Events Associated with CFTR Modulator Therapy: Experience from a Tertiary Care Center.","authors":"Dilara Demirel, Ebru Güneş Yalçın, Hanife Avcı, Uğur Özçelik, Umay Kavgacı, Tuğçe Kantemir, Ömer Faruk İpek, Nagehan Emiralioğlu Ordukaya, Deniz Doğru","doi":"10.65717/TurkArchPediatr.2026.26129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.65717/TurkArchPediatr.2026.26129","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the frequency, nature, and potential factors associated with adverse events associated with cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulator therapy in a pediatric cystic fibrosis (CF) population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A single-center, retrospective cohort study was conducted at a tertiary care center. Pediatric patients with CF who received CFTR modulator therapy (ivacaftor monotherapy or elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor combination) between January 2021 and January 2025 were included. Clinical characteristics and adverse events were analyzed, and patients with and without adverse events were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 100 patients (mean age, 141.5 ± 55.3 months). Adverse events were reported in 24 (24%) patients. Patients experiencing adverse events were significantly older than those who did not (P=.026). The most frequent adverse events were skin rash (33.3%), elevated creatine kinase (20.8%), and gastrointestinal complaints (12.5%). Treatment interruption was required in 12 patients; however, only 1 patient permanently discontinued therapy due to persistent rash and elevated liver enzymes. No severe hepatic or systemic complications occurred.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator modulators are generally well tolerated in the pediatric population. Most adverse events are mild, transient, and manageable through routine monitoring and temporary cessation, allowing for the safe continuation of therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":75267,"journal":{"name":"Turkish archives of pediatrics","volume":"61 10","pages":"904-910"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149119982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recurrent Infections as an Independent Determinant of Childhood Iron-Deficiency Anemia Within a Nutrition-Inflammation Framework: A Case-Control Study.","authors":"Huynh D Thanh, Ngo C Quang, Nguyen Tb Ngoc, Tran Q Khai, Le H My, Le Pq Chi, Ly V Vi, Phan V Tuong, Nguyen D Tri","doi":"10.65717/TurkArchPediatr.2026.25539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.65717/TurkArchPediatr.2026.25539","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) is common in young children in developing countries, where recurrent infections (RIs) are also endemic. It was evaluated whether RI is an independent determinant of IDA using inflammation-adjusted serum ferritin (ISF), rather than viewing IDA as purely nutritional.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective case-control study of children aged 6-59 months was conducted. Iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) was defined by anemia and iron deficiency using ISF derived from the Biomarkers Reflecting Inflammation and Nutritional Determinants of Anemia (BRINDA) approach; controls had normal hematology and ISF. Recurrent infection (RI) within the previous 12 months was ascertained from medical records. Multivariable regression estimated adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for IDA, controlling for nutritional and social covariates; model performance was assessed by discrimination, calibration, and comparative fit.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three hundred children were analyzed (100 with IDA, 200 controls). In multivariable analysis, RI remained independently associated with IDA (aOR=2.29), alongside delayed complementary feeding (aOR=7.12), non-maternal caregiving (aOR=21.02), and low-iron diet (aOR=2.69). A dose-response with infection breadth was observed: infections at ≥2 sites tripled the odds of IDA (P-trend= .007). In phenotype-specific models, recurrent respiratory and gastrointestinal infections were independently associated with IDA (aOR: 2.26 and 2.22, respectively). Adding RI slightly increased discrimination (AUC=0.902; ΔAUC=+0.008) but significantly improved model fit versus the model without RI (likelihood-ratio χ2(1) = 5.14; P=.023; DeLong P = .26).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Recurrent infection (RI) was an independent, dose-related determinant of childhood IDA beyond inflammation and nutrition, supporting a dual nutrition-inflammation framework and the inclusion of infection control in anemia strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":75267,"journal":{"name":"Turkish archives of pediatrics","volume":"61 8","pages":"710-717"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148655278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Augmenting Conventional Rehabilitation with Virtual Reality for Cerebral Palsy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.","authors":"Hendrawan Chandra Kusuma, Kenly Chandra, Jenny Lauvita, Bonita Saymona, Klemens Andreas Charistio","doi":"10.65717/TurkArchPediatr.2026.26003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.65717/TurkArchPediatr.2026.26003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of virtual reality (VR) as a complementary intervention to conventional rehabilitation for improving motor and functional outcomes in children with cerebral palsy (CP).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis 2020 guidelines to assess the impact of VR as a complementary intervention for CP rehabilitation. Through a systematic search of databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, EBSCO, ProQuest, and the Lancet, the review isolated randomized controlled trials (RCTs) focused on VR use in children with CP (with no specific neuromotor subtype required for inclusion) and normal cognition. Key outcomes, including balance, gross motor function, and daily independence, were analyzed using random-effects models to derive pooled mean differences (MDs) and 95% CIs. The researchers utilized Review Manager 5.4 for statistical analysis, while risk of bias and evidence certainty were evaluated using the Cochrane 2.0 tool and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation(GRADE) methodology.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study included 11 RCTs involving 345 patients selected for quantitative analysis. Virtual reality augmentation significantly improved balance (MD=3.34, 95% CI: 0.75-5.93, P=.01; moderate certainty) and reduced spasticity (MD=-0.61, 95% CI: -1.09 to -0.13, P=.01; low certainty). Nonsignificant trends emerged for gross motor function, daily activity independence, and functional capability.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Virtual reality might serve most effectively as a supplement to traditional rehabilitation for pediatric CP patients, offering motivational and interactive benefits, though its role requires confirmation through larger, high-quality trials with standardized protocols.</p>","PeriodicalId":75267,"journal":{"name":"Turkish archives of pediatrics","volume":"61 9","pages":"763-773"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148932155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Sleep Waltz Model: A Multi-Component Parent-Guided Sleep Hygiene Intervention for Improving Sleep Quality in Infants Aged 0-12 Months.","authors":"Buğra Han Acar, Göktuğ Kılınçarslan, Ozden Gokdemir","doi":"10.65717/TurkArchPediatr.2026.25296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.65717/TurkArchPediatr.2026.25296","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine the effectiveness of the Sleep Waltz Model in improving key infant sleep outcomes (sleep onset latency, frequency of nighttime awakenings, daytime sleep duration, and parental satisfaction with infant sleep).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 360 infants participated in the prospective, quasi-experimental intervention-controlled study, of whom 194 (53.9%) were female, with a mean age of 7.30 ± 2.92 months. This study used linear mixed-effects models (LMMs) to examine how the \"Sleep Waltz\" intervention affected 4 main sleep outcomes. The robustness and adaptability of LMMs in managing repeated measures data led to their selection. For each of the following outcomes, distinct models were constructed: (1) nightly awakenings; (2) sleep onset latency; (3) parent sleep satisfaction; and (4) duration of daytime sleep. Time (baseline vs. follow-up), group (intervention vs. control), the critical time-by-group interaction term (to test the intervention effect), and covariates (child's age, sex, mother's education, father's education) were among the fixed effects in each complete model. To take individual differences between participants across time points into consideration, participant ID was added as a random intercept.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significant time-by-intervention interaction (β=0.838, P < .001) and main effects for intervention (β=-0.705, P < .001) and mother's education (β=-0.225, P < .001) were found. Time, age, sex, and father's education were non-significant. The intervention significantly improved parental sleep satisfaction. At baseline, the intervention group reported lower satisfaction than controls. Post-intervention, the intervention group's satisfaction increased substantially (average +0.8 points), while the control group remained stable. Consequently, satisfaction scores between groups were comparable.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The \"Sleep Waltz\" intervention successfully improved parental satisfaction with infant sleep and also effectively increased daytime sleep in the initially symptomatic group to a normative level.</p>","PeriodicalId":75267,"journal":{"name":"Turkish archives of pediatrics","volume":"61 9","pages":"793-801"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148932178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transhepatic and Translumbar Approaches for Central Venous Access in Pediatric Patients.","authors":"Mahmut Küsbeci, Alperen Elek, Umut Deniz Pak, Erencan Karakoç, Celal Çınar","doi":"10.65717/TurkArchPediatr.2026.25567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.65717/TurkArchPediatr.2026.25567","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of transhepatic and translumbar approaches as alternative routes for central venous access in pediatric patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Medical records and institutional Picture Archiving and Communication System were reviewed. This study included patients aged <18 years between October 2020 and November 2023. Patients with insufficient medical record information or those who were discharged before the transhepatic catheter removal were excluded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eight pediatric patients (4 females and 4 males) with a median age of 3.5 years (range: 0.5-8.0 years) and a median weight of 11.6 kg (range: 2.9-20.85 kg) were treated in the intensive care unit for chronic critical illnesses. The indications for catheter insertion included total parenteral nutrition (62.5%, n=5), hemodialysis (25%, n=2), and long-term medication / central access (12.5%, n=1). The overall complication rate was 62.5% (5/8 patients), primarily consisting of late-onset infections and mechanical dislodgments. The median procedure time was 42 minutes (range: 6-96 minutes), with a median radiation dose (Dose Area Product) of 9 mGy.cm2 (range: 3.6-36 mGy.cm2). All patients were monitored in the intensive care unit for at least 24 hours post-intervention. The median catheter patency was 132 days (range: 0-420 days) for primary procedures and 126.5 days (range: 0-261 days) for secondary procedures. Overall technical success in achieving central venous access was 100% (8/8 patients). While 1 patient (P.7) experienced initial transhepatic failures, successful vascular access was ultimately established through a translumbar rescue procedure. Overall mortality was 25% (2/8 patients); 1 patient died 261 days after the second procedure and another 7 days post-intervention, both due to underlying comorbidities unrelated to the procedures.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The transhepatic and translumbar approaches offer alternative access when traditional routes are unavailable; however, their shorter patency durations highlight the need for specialized catheters designed for these techniques.</p>","PeriodicalId":75267,"journal":{"name":"Turkish archives of pediatrics","volume":"61 10","pages":"896-903"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149120038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond Type 1 Diabetes: Clinical and Genetic Clues to Glucokinase Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young in Children.","authors":"Burak Tula, Yasemin Denkboy Ongen, Ayca Aykut, Sehime Gulsun Temel, Asude Durmaz, Sebnem Ozemri Sag, Nurdeniz Nalbant, Erdal Eren","doi":"10.65717/TurkArchPediatr.2026.26001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.65717/TurkArchPediatr.2026.26001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to describe the clinical, laboratory, and genetic characteristics of children with genetically confirmed glucokinase maturity-onset diabetes of the young (GCK-MODY) in a single-center pediatric retrospective study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, the clinical, laboratory, and genetic results of 20 children under 18 years of age who were diagnosed with GCK-MODY genetically in the Department of Pediatric Endocrinology during 2012-2020 were retrospectively analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The most frequent presenting complaints were polyuria-polydipsia (n=6, 30%) and intermittent hyperglycemia (n=5, 25%). The median interval between initial evaluation and genetic diagnosis was 3.5 years (0.25-8.42). Before genetic confirmation, 35% (n=7) of the patients had been followed as having type 1 diabetes and were therefore treated with insulin. Mean HbA1c was 6.2% ± 0.63%, and diabetes-related autoantibodies were negative in all the patients with available results. Genetic testing identified missense variants in 95% and a frameshift variant in 5%. According to the pathogenicity assessment, 75% of variants were likely pathogenic missense variants, 20% were pathogenic missense variants, and 5% were pathogenic frameshift variants. The most common variant was c.943C>T (p.Leu315Phe), found in 45% of patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Diagnostic delay and inappropriate treatment were common before recognition of GCK-MODY, and many cases were identified after incidentally detected hyperglycemia. Lack of screening among relatives indicates limited awareness of this condition. In children with atypical diabetes presentations, careful evaluation and timely genetic testing are essential to prevent misdiagnosis, avoid unnecessary therapy, and ensure appropriate long-term clinical management.</p>","PeriodicalId":75267,"journal":{"name":"Turkish archives of pediatrics","volume":"61 10","pages":"886-895"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149119993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Analysis of SCN1A Gene Variants Associated with Dravet Syndrome: Implications for Diagnosis and Management.","authors":"Esma Şengenç, Şeyma Sönmez Şahin, Akın İşcan, Dilara Füsun İçağasıoğlu, Gözde Yeşil, Ayça Dilruba Aslanger","doi":"10.65717/TurkArchPediatr.2026.26154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.65717/TurkArchPediatr.2026.26154","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>SCN1A variants are the primary genetic cause of Dravet syndrome (DS), a severe developmental and epileptic encephalopathy characterized by early-onset prolonged seizures and progressive neurodevelopmental impairment. Early molecular diagnosis may influence treatment decisions and clinical outcomes. To characterize the molecular spectrum of SCN1A variants and describe the associated clinical and therapeutic features in children with suspected DS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included children evaluated between 2018 and 2020 with clinical suspicion of DS or febrile seizures with epilepsy who were referred for SCN1A genetic testing. Next-generation sequencing was used to detect sequence variants, complemented by multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification for copy number analysis. A total of 60 patients were screened, and 18 patients carrying pathogenic or likely pathogenic SCN1A variants and fulfilling clinical criteria for DS were included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighteen patients were identified with heterozygous pathogenic or likely pathogenic SCN1A variants, including 6 novel variants. Segregation analysis demonstrated that all 15 tested patients had de novo variants. Seizure onset ranged from 2.5 to 8 months, predominantly before 6 months of age. Several patients were exposed to sodium channel-blocking agents prior to molecular confirmation, with seizure aggravation and subsequent treatment modification. All patients required multiple anti-seizure medications and showed varying degrees of neurodevelopmental impairment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SCN1A-confirmed DS is associated with substantial seizure burden and neurodevelopmental morbidity. Delayed molecular diagnosis may lead to inappropriate treatment exposure and seizure worsening. Early genetic testing in infants with early-onset seizures may improve treatment selection and clinical outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":75267,"journal":{"name":"Turkish archives of pediatrics","volume":"61 8","pages":"727-735"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148655170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agmatinase and Telomerase Levels in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Children.","authors":"Elif Abanoz, Serkan Kapancik, Deniz Bakir, Ayla Uzun Çiçek","doi":"10.65717/TurkArchPediatr.2026.25584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.65717/TurkArchPediatr.2026.25584","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Trauma is the impairment of an individual's ability to integrate emotions and cognitions after experiencing events. Psychiatric disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can develop in individuals following traumatic events. Traumas experienced by children can cause PTSD, just as it is encountered in adults who experience trauma. Alterations in the polyamine synthesis pathway and telomerase activity have been reported to be associated with cellular stress responses and neurobiological processes. Therefore, this study examines polyamine synthesis pathway enzyme levels and telomerase enzyme levels in children with PTSD to investigate their potential roles in the development of the disorder.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Agmatinase (AGMAT) and telomerase enzyme levels were analyzed using ELISA in the blood serum of children with PTSD and control group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Agmatinase and telomerase levels were found to be statistically significantly increased in the PTSD group. The mean AGMAT level in the PTSD group was 59.04 ± 19.36 ng/mL, while this value was 38.35 ± 17.36 ng/mL in the control group, and the difference between the groups was found to be statistically significant (P < .001). Similarly, in terms of telomerase levels, telomerase levels were statistically significantly higher in the PTSD group, with a mean of 178.90 ± 51.99 IU/mL, while this value was 159.10 ± 82.10 IU/mL in the control group (P < .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings suggest a possible link between AGMAT and telomerase levels and PTSD.</p>","PeriodicalId":75267,"journal":{"name":"Turkish archives of pediatrics","volume":"61 9","pages":"802-806"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148932038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical, Radiological, and Electroencephalographic Evaluation of Children with Headache: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Ahmet Taşkın, Esra Özpınar, Mehmet Palaz, Betül Kılıç, Yasemin Topçu, Kürşad Aydın","doi":"10.65717/TurkArchPediatr.2026.25364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.65717/TurkArchPediatr.2026.25364","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the clinical, electroencephalographic (EEG), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of pediatric patients presenting with headache to a pediatric neurology outpatient clinic, and to determine the diagnostic utility of EEG and MRI across different headache subtypes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 751 children aged 2-18 years who presented with headache between 2013 and 2024 were analyzed. Demographic characteristics, seizure history, headache classification (ICHD-3), neurological examination findings, EEG results, and MRI findings were reviewed. Only patients who had undergone both EEG and brain MRI were included in the study. Statistical analyses used the Mann-Whitney U-test, chi-square test, and Fisher's exact test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 751 patients (median age 12 years; 53.7% female) were included. Electroencephalographic and brain MRI were performed in all included patients (n=751). Primary headaches accounted for 632 patients (84.2%): tension-type headache 315 (41.9%), migraine 255 (34.0%), unclassified headache 59 (7.9%), and cluster headache 3 (0.4%). Seizure history was most frequent in the unclassified headache group (14/59, 23.7%), compared with 4/255 (1.6%) in the migraine group, 11/315 (3.5%) in the tension-type group, 0/3 (0%) in the cluster headache group (P < .001). Abnormal EEG findings were detected in 105 of 751 patients (14.0%). Among these, 74 patients (70.5%) had focal epileptiform activity, 25 (23.8%) had generalized epileptiform activity, and 6 (5.7%) exhibited abnormal background rhythm. Of the 105 patients with abnormal EEG findings, 35 (33.3%) had a clinical history of seizures. Abnormal EEG activity was most common in the unclassified headache group [25/59 (42.4%)], compared with migraine [23/255 (9.0%)] and tension-type headache [38/315 (12.1%)] (P < .001). Magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities were present in migraine [113/255 (44.3%)], tension-type headache [141/315 (44.8%)], unclassified headache [39/59 (66.1%)], and secondary headache [109/119 (91.6%)]. Magnetic resonance imaging was normal in (349/751, 46.5%) of cases, while the most common MRI abnormality/incidental finding was sinusitis and/or chronic mucosal thickening (171/751, 22.8%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Electroencephalographic and Magnetic resonance imaging are not routinely indicated for typical primary headaches but may be useful for patients with unclassified headaches, abnormal neurological findings, or suspected seizure-related symptoms. Unclassified headaches represent a heterogeneous group requiring closer follow-up and selective diagnostic evaluation. An overlap between headache and epilepsy may be particularly notable in certain subgroups.</p>","PeriodicalId":75267,"journal":{"name":"Turkish archives of pediatrics","volume":"61 9","pages":"822-829"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148932148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extubation Readiness and Failure in Critically Ill Children: Methodological Considerations.","authors":"Mehmet Çeleğen","doi":"10.65717/TurkArchPediatr.2026.26144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.65717/TurkArchPediatr.2026.26144","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":75267,"journal":{"name":"Turkish archives of pediatrics","volume":"61 10","pages":"957-958"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149119931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}